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This monograph documents the current of state-of-art in Thermo- Active Foundations (TAFs) suitable for efficiently and sustainably heat and cooling buildings. TAFs, also referred to as thermal or energy piles, offer innovative and sustainable alternatives to ground-source heat pumps as well as other conventional heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to heat and cool commercial as well as residential buildings in several regions in the world. In summary, this monograph collects the latest multi-disciplinary advances in modeling, designing, and monitoring TAFs. Ultimately, it is hoped that this monograph will provide a comprehensive reference for both researchers and professionals interested in structural and thermal performance of TAFs and their applications in developing integrated and sustainable equipment and systems for the built environment.

Geothermal space heating. --- Foundations. --- Thermopiles. --- Buildings --- Sustainable buildings. --- Ecologically sustainable buildings --- Environmentally sustainable buildings --- Green buildings (Green technology) --- Sustainable development --- Electric batteries --- Architecture --- Building --- Structural engineering --- Underground construction --- Caissons --- Earthwork --- Masonry --- Soil consolidation --- Soil mechanics --- Walls --- Space heating, Geothermal --- Geothermal engineering --- Heating --- Thermal properties. --- Details

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Open data and policy implications coming from data-aware planning entail collection and pre- and postprocessing as operations of primary interest. Before these steps, making data available to people and their decision-makers is a crucial point. Referring to the relationship between data and energy, public administrations, governments, and research bodies are promoting the construction of reliable and robust datasets to pursue policies coherent with the Sustainable Development Goals, as well as to allow citizens to make informed choices. Energy engineers and planners must provide the simplest and most robust tools to collect, process, and analyze data in order to offer solid data-based evidence for future projections in building, district, and regional systems planning. This Special Issue aims at providing the state-of-the-art on open-energy data analytics; its availability in the different contexts, i.e., country peculiarities; and its availability at different scales, i.e., building, district, and regional for data-aware planning and policy-making. For all the aforementioned reasons, we encourage researchers to share their original works on the field of open data and energy analytics. Topics of primary interest include but are not limited to the following: 1. Open data and energy sustainability; 2. Open data science and energy planning; 3. Open science and open governance for sustainable development goals; 4. Key performance indicators of data-aware energy modelling, planning, and policy; 5. Energy, water, and sustainability database for building, district, and regional systems; 6. Best practices and case studies.

data envelopment analysis --- Kohonen self-organizing maps --- factor analysis --- multiple regression --- energy efficiency --- social media --- energy-consuming activities --- energy consumption --- machine learning --- ontology --- energy performance certificate --- heating energy demand --- buildings --- data mining --- classification --- regression --- decision tree --- support vector machine --- random forest --- artificial neural network --- open data --- electrification modelling --- Malawi --- OnSSET --- MESSAGEix --- reproducibility --- collaborative work --- open modelling and data --- data-handling --- integrated assessment modelling --- data pre- and post-processing --- space heating --- domestic hot water --- market assessment --- EU28 --- district heating --- data analytics --- big data --- forecasting --- energy --- polygeneration --- clustering --- kNN --- pattern recognition --- heating --- building stock --- heat map --- spatial analysis --- heat density map --- building performance simulation --- parametric modelling --- energy management --- model calibration --- Passive House --- energy planning --- energy potential mapping --- urban energy atlas --- urban energy transition --- energy data --- data-aware planning --- spatial planning --- open data analytics --- smart cities --- open energy governance --- urban database --- energy mapping --- building dataset --- energy modelling

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Buildings are one of the main causes of the emission of greenhouse gases in the world. Europe alone is responsible for more than 30% of emissions, or about 900 million tons of CO2 per year. Heating and air conditioning are the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions in buildings. Most buildings currently in use were built with poor energy efficiency criteria or, depending on the country and the date of construction, none at all. Therefore, regardless of whether construction regulations are becoming stricter, the real challenge nowadays is the energy rehabilitation of existing buildings. It is currently a priority to reduce (or, ideally, eliminate) the waste of energy in buildings and, at the same time, supply the necessary energy through renewable sources. The first can be achieved by improving the architectural design, construction methods, and materials used, as well as the efficiency of the facilities and systems; the second can be achieved through the integration of renewable energy (wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) in buildings. In any case, regardless of whether the energy used is renewable or not, the efficiency must always be taken into account. The most profitable and clean energy is that which is not consumed.

artificial neural network --- thermal performance --- dynamic simulation --- building renovation --- zero energy building --- building --- energy productivity --- building sector --- three-phase unbalance minimization --- optimization --- seasonal performance factor (SPF) --- envelope transmittance --- demolition --- envelope airtightness --- building energy prediction --- energy --- Korean household energy consumption --- floor envelope design --- building refurbishment --- perturbation and observation --- glazing --- ground and water source heat pump (ASHP --- sensitivity --- energy efficiency promotion --- model predictive control --- renovation --- home energy management system --- energy tunnel --- performance parameter design --- air --- coefficient of performance (COP) --- Arab region --- building rehabilitation --- ground heat transfer --- residential buildings --- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Nachhaltiges Bauen (DGNB) --- policy design --- building user activity --- Leadership in Energy &amp --- lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) --- energy renovation --- energy performance --- urban modelling --- Maghreb --- analytical hierarchy process --- surface cooling --- thermal insulation --- Level(s) --- subtropical climate --- energy efficiency --- green building rating systems --- Ipomoea batatas --- big data --- life cycle cost analysis --- domestic hot water (DHW) --- multi-family buildings --- greenhouse --- building energy --- passive architecture --- prediction --- Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) --- Minimum-Energy Building (MEB) --- energy modeling --- Mashreq --- simulation engines --- HVAC demand --- test method --- adjustable step size --- life cycle cost --- energy saving ratio --- Environmental Design (LEED) --- influencing factors --- GSHP and WSHP) --- energy use --- subtropical climate building --- single-person household --- heat load --- energy performance standard --- technology package --- energy-performance gap --- GCC --- Building Research Establishment Assessment Method (BREEAM) --- energy pile --- nearly zero energy building --- co-simulation --- new construction --- space heating --- building stock energy demand --- low power loss --- maximum power point tracking --- envelope thermography --- extensive green roof --- OPERA-MILP