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The Romanian revolution was motivated by a desire for greater political and intellectual freedom and economic prosperity. It was the bloodiest of the eastern European transitions due to Ceausescu's cult of personality. However, many of the goals of the revolution are still unfulfilled. The lack of civil society, charges of political corruption, the failure to transform the economy, and concerns over the protection of ethnic minority rights are all factors in Romania's failure to become a fully integrated European country. Tracing the country's political history and examining Romania's post

Romania - History - Revolution, 1989. --- Balkan Peninsula --- Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Romania --- History --- Politics and government

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"In Dada East Tom Sandqvist shows that Dada did not spring full-grown from a Zurich literary salon but grew out of an already vibrant artistic tradition in Eastern Europe - particularly Romania - that was transposed to Switzerland when a group of Romanian modernists settled in Zurich. Bucharest and other cities in Romania had been the scene of Dada-like poetry, prose, and spectacle in the years before World War I. One of the leading lights was Tristan Tzara, who begn his career in avant-garde literature at fifteen when he cofounded the magazine Simbolul. Tzara - who himself coined the term "Dada, " inspired by an obscure connection of his birthday to an Orthodox saint - was at the Cabaret Voltaire that night, along with fellow Romanians Marcel, Jules, and Georges Janco and Arthur Segal. It's not a coincidence, Sandqvist argues, that so many of the first dadaist group was Romanians. Sandqvist traces the artistic and personal transformations that took place in the "little Paris of the Balkans" before they took center stage elsewhere, finding sources as varied as symbolism, futurism, and folklore. He points to a connection between Romanian modernists and the Eastern European Yiddish tradition; Tzara, the Janco brothers, and Segal all grew up within Jewish culture and traditions." "For years, the communist authorities in Romania disowned and disavowed Romania's avant-garde movements. Now, as archives and libraries are opening to Western scholars, Tom Sandqvist tells the secret history of Dada's Romanian roots."--BOOK JACKET.

Tom Sandqvist --- kunst --- twintigste eeuw --- dada --- dadaïsme --- Roemenië --- Tzara Tristan --- Janco Marcel --- Segal Arthur --- Boekarest --- jodendom --- literatuur --- poëzie --- kunst en literatuur --- Chemarea --- Simbolul --- symbolisme --- Zwitserland --- Zürich --- Cabaret Voltaire --- 7.036 --- Arts, Romanian --- Avant-garde (Aesthetics) --- Dadaism --- Jewish artists --- History --- Arts roumains --- Avant-garde (Esthétique) --- Dadaïsme --- Artistes juifs --- Histoire --- Aesthetics --- Modernism (Art) --- Romanian arts --- Artists, Jewish --- Artists --- Dada --- Tabu-Dadaism --- Arts, Modern --- Arts [Romanian] --- 20th century --- Avant-Garde (Aesthetics) --- Romania --- Arts, Romanian. --- Avant-garde (Aesthetics). --- Avantgarde --- Dadaism. --- Dadaismus --- Jewish artists. --- Janco, Marcel --- Segal, Arthur (Künstler) --- Tzara, Tristan --- Segal, Arthur, --- 1900-1999. --- Romania. --- Rumänen --- Rumänien --- Arts, Romanian - 20th century. --- Avant-garde (Aesthetics) - Romania - History - 20th century. --- Dadaism - Romania. --- Jewish artists - Romania - History - 20th century.

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"The volume examines the formation and transformation of the memory of communism in the post-communist period. The majority of the articles focus on memory practices in the post-Stalinist era in Bulgaria and Romania, with occasional references to the cases of Poland and the GDR. Based on an interdisciplinary approach, including history, anthropology, cultural studies and sociology, the volume, examines the mechanisms and processes that influence, determine and mint the private and public memory of communism in the post-1989 era. Common denominator to all essays is the emphasis on the process of remembering in the present, and the modalities by means of which the present perspective shapes processes of remembering, including practices of commemoration and representation of the past. As a result, the analyses point at the sociopolitical factors and societal processes that help construct, transform, stabilize and finally canonize past memory. Due to its interdisciplinary character and the wide range of methodological and theoretical approaches presented, the volume offers a broad and varied kaleidoscope of memorial practices in a variety of milieus of post-communist societies, from school to the internet. The volume deals with eight major thematic blocks revisiting specific practices in communism such as popular culture and everyday life, childhood, labor, the secret police, the perception of 'the system' and others. The analyses highlight occasionally similarities and differences between the two principal case studies, resulting in the end effect in the observation of a significant divergence in the memory of communism between the two neighboring countries"--Provided by publisher.

Collective memory --- Communism --- Post-communism --- Collective remembrance --- Common memory --- Cultural memory --- Emblematic memory --- Historical memory --- National memory --- Public memory --- Social memory --- Memory --- Social psychology --- Group identity --- National characteristics --- Bolshevism --- Communist movements --- Leninism --- Maoism --- Marxism --- Trotskyism --- Collectivism --- Totalitarianism --- Socialism --- Village communities --- Social aspects --- History. --- Romania --- Bulgaria --- Europe, Eastern --- Social conditions --- Political science --- Social science --- Collective memory. --- Post-communism. --- Social conditions. --- History / europe / eastern. --- History --- Public policy --- Cultural policy. --- Anthropology --- Cultural. --- Popular culture. --- Social aspects. --- Since 1989. --- Bulgaria. --- Europe, Eastern. --- Romania. --- 1989, Childhood, Collective memory, Communism, Labor history, Memory politics, Postcommunism. --- Communism-Social aspects-Europe, Eastern-History. --- Post-communism-Europe, Eastern. --- Collective memory-Europe, Eastern. --- Communism-Social aspects-Bulgaria-History. --- Collective memory-Bulgaria. --- Communism-Social aspects-Romania-History. --- Collective memory-Romania. --- Europe, Eastern-Social conditions-1989-. --- Bulgaria-Social conditions-1989-. --- Romania-Social conditions-1989-.