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Book
Role of Stem Cells in Skeletal Muscle Development, Regeneration, Repair, Aging and Disease
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2016 Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

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Abstract

Adult stem cells are responsible for tissue regeneration and repair throughout life. Their quiescence or activation are tightly regulated by common signalling pathways that often recapitulate those happening during embryonic development, and thus it is important to understand their regulation not only in postnatal life, but also during foetal development. In this regard, skeletal muscle is an interesting tissue since it accounts for a large percentage of body mass (about 40%), it is highly amenable to intervention through exercise and it is also key in metabolic and physiological changes underlying frailty susceptibility in the elderly. While muscle-resident satellite cells are responsible for all myogenic activity in physiological conditions and become senescent in old age, other progenitor cells such as mesoangioblasts do seem to contribute to muscle regeneration and repair after tissue damage. Similarly, fibro-adipogenic precursor cells seem to be key in the aberrant response that fills up the space left from atrophied muscle mass and which ends up with a dysfunctional muscle having vast areas of fatty infiltration and fibrosis. The complex interplay between these stem/progenitor cell types and their niches in normal and pathological conditions throughout life are the subjects of intense investigation. This eBook highlights recent developments on the role of stem cells in skeletal muscle function, both in prenatal and postnatal life, and their regulation by transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Additionally, it includes articles on interventions associated with exercise, pathological changes in neuromuscular diseases, and stem cell aging.


Book
Problems in Periorbital Surgery : A Repair Manual
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 1638535140 1626237700 9781626237704 9781626237087 1626237085 Year: 2019 Publisher: New York : Thieme Medical Publishers,

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The field of periorbital surgery has expanded exponentially in recent decades. With its rise in popularity, however, comes a rise in complications. Finally there is a comprehensive guide to repairing the problems encountered in periorbital surgery, compiled by masters in the art of periorbital surgery! This unique resource for plastic, facial plastic and oculoplastic surgeons offers several key features: Stepwise guidance for correcting a range of complications in periorbital surgery, including infection and bleeding, blindness and motility disorders, specific upper and lower eyelid problems including lid retraction, chemosis, and adverse results from fillers and resurfacing; Several chapters, presenting different approaches, devoted to the challenging problem of lid retraction and its multifactorial etiology; A case-report format that provides detailed discussions of all possible complications; Expert techniques from renowned surgeons providing multiple perspectives on the same problems; Multiple video clips showing details of eyelid evaluation and corrective techniques. -- Publisher


Book
Facial rejuvenation surgery
Authors: ---
Year: 2008 Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] Mosby Elsevier


Book
Mathematics in Software Reliability and Quality Assurance
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This monograph concerns the mathematical aspects of software reliability and quality assurance and consists of 11 technical papers in this emerging area. Included are the latest research results related to formal methods and design, automatic software testing, software verification and validation, coalgebra theory, automata theory, hybrid system and software reliability modeling and assessment.


Book
Body Rejuvenation
Authors: ---
ISBN: 1441910921 9786612828270 144191093X 1282828274 Year: 2010 Publisher: New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint: Springer,

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In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on minimally invasive procedures, which have revolutionized the safety and convenience of cosmetic surgery. Such procedures are often performed in combination with a series of minor procedures collectively providing results formerly possible only after major incisional surgery. As patients and physicians have become familiar with minimally invasive facial rejuvenation, there is growing interest in adapting techniques for use off the face. The same lasers, fillers, and other techniques that can improve the appearance of the forehead or lips are useful for the chest or hands. Of course, procedures have to be modified for use on the trunk and extremities. For instance, off the face, gentler treatment approaches can be preferable, in part because of reduced blood perfusion and slower wound healing. Body Rejuvenation is the first practical manual that describes off-the-face minimally invasive rejuvenation. Sections are organized by body area, and within each section, individual chapters contain step-by-step treatment algorithms. Chapters are brief and concise by design, so interested readers can readily obtain the information necessary to treat patients successfully. Expert authors share their experience with body rejuvenation, so that you don’t have to learn by trial and error.


Book
The Prince's Body : Vincenzo Gonzaga and Renaissance Medicine
Author:
ISBN: 9780674725454 9780674735668 0674735668 067472545X 9780674967069 0674967062 Year: 2015 Volume: *6 Publisher: Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press,

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Defining the proper female body, seeking elective surgery for beauty, enjoying lavish spa treatments, and combating impotence might seem like today's celebrity infatuations. However, these preoccupations were very much alive in the early modern period. Valeria Finucci recounts the story of a well-known patron of arts and music in Renaissance Italy, Duke Vincenzo Gonzaga of Mantua (1562-1612), to examine the culture, fears, and captivations of his times. Using four notorious moments in Vincenzo's life, Finucci explores changing concepts of sexuality, reproduction, beauty, and aging. The first was Vincenzo's inability to consummate his earliest marriage and subsequent medical inquiry, which elucidates new concepts of female anatomy. Second, Vincenzo's interactions with Bolognese doctor Gaspare Tagliacozzi, the "father of plastic surgery," illuminate contemporary fascinations with elective procedures. Vincenzo's use of thermal spas explores the proliferation of holistic, noninvasive therapies to manage pain, detoxify, and rehabilitate what the medicine of the time could not address. And finally, Vincenzo's search for a cure for impotence later in life analyzes masculinity and aging. By examining letters, doctors' advice, reports, receipts, and travelogues, together with (and against) medical, herbal, theological, even legal publications of the period, Finucci describes an early modern cultural history of the pathology of human reproduction, the physiology of aging, and the science of rejuvenation as they affected a prince with a large ego and an even larger purse. In doing so, she deftly marries salacious tales with historical analysis to tell a broader story of Italian Renaissance cultural adjustments and obsessions.


Book
Aging and Age-related Disorders: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapies
Author:
ISBN: 3039213563 3039213555 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Aging of unicellular and multicellular eukaryotic organisms is a convoluted biological phenomenon, which is manifested as an age-related functional decline caused by progressive dysregulation of certain cellular and organismal processes. Many chronic diseases are associated with human aging. These aging-associated diseases include cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases (including Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and Huntington’s diseases), and many forms of cancer. Studies in yeast, roundworms, fruit flies, fishes, mice, primates, and humans have provided evidence that the major aspects and basic mechanisms of aging and aging-associated pathology are conserved across phyla. The focus of this International Journal of Molecular Sciences Special Issue is on molecular and cellular mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapies and diseases of aging. Fifteen original research and review articles in this Special Issue provide important insights into how various genetic, dietary, and pharmacological interventions can affect certain longevity-defining cellular and organismal processes to delay aging and postpone the onset of age-related pathologies in evolutionarily diverse organisms. These articles outline the most important unanswered questions and directions for future research in the vibrant and rapidly evolving fields of mechanisms of biological aging, aging-associated diseases, and aging-delaying therapies.


Book
Fragmented City: International Mobility and Housing in Spain
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Habitual statements in academic and journalistic fields on the growing inequality of our cities call for multiple reflections. There are numerous indicators of inequality, and territorial specificities give rise to important and subtle differences. What is less debatable is the spatial expansion of inequality (from more outlying, poorer countries to the most developed ones) and its generalization on all scales (from rural to urban areas, and from large metropolises to small cities). Mobility and housing lie at the root of many of these processes, which are represented by phenomena that are often interconnected, such as gentrification and the elite social classes; impoverishment and immigrants in search of work; and segregation and refugees; among many others. In this book, we try to offer a Spanish-based vision of what we call urban geographies in transition—that is, urban geographies in which the key stages, for the purpose of analysis, are the real estate bubble (1996–2007), the subsequent crisis (2008–2013), and the ensuing recovery (2014–2020), without overlooking the impact of the current COVID-19 crisis on the configuration of a new spatial order in cities.


Book
Bioactive Phytochemicals in Health and Disease
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Nutritional deficiencies, and different nutritional and dietary lifestyles, whether poor or absent of essential nutrients, aside from excess intake, can lead to inflammatory complications and loss of function. Bioactive compounds are non-nutritional components derived from plants, foods, and beverages with a multitude of biological effects. The improvement of analytical techniques has allowed scientific community to state that the regular consumption of bioactive phytochemicals is related to the prevention of numerous pathologies, through mechanisms that involve oxidative stress reduction, gene expression modulation, and even enzymatic activation inhibition.


Book
Sustainable Pavement Engineering and Road Materials
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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In a similar way to many other engineering fields, the road pavement industry strongly affects the critical issues of our generation, including climate change, pollutant emission, the exploitation of natural resources and economic crises. For this reason, technicians and researchers are searching ravenously for sustainable solutions to implement in current road construction systems with the following goals: To reduce the consumption of energy and virgin materials; To run environmentally and economically friendly maintenance; To recycle waste from different industrial processes; To decrease the noise, the pollution and the heat generated by traffic, particularly in urban contexts. This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality studies that combine the aforementioned solutions, including works pertaining to: The hot, warm, and cold recycling of reclaimed asphalt pavement; Marginal materials for asphalt pavements; Innovative sustainable materials; Durability and environmental aspects; Structure performance, modeling and design; Advanced trends in rehabilitation and preservation; Surface characteristics and road safety; Management system/life cycle analysis; Urban heat island mitigation; Energy harvesting.

Keywords

porous concrete --- metakaolin --- geopolymers --- permeable pavements --- urban drainage systems --- maintenance --- reinforced asphalt pavement --- geogrid --- interlayer bonding --- static shear test --- cyclic shear test --- fatigue properties --- warm mix asphalt --- natural zeolite --- gas emissions --- energy consumption --- production costs --- bituminous mixtures --- nano-additives --- nanoclay --- carbon nanotubes --- graphene nanoplatelets --- nano-calcium oxide --- nano-titanium dioxide --- sonication --- fatigue performance --- self-healing --- hot-mix asphalt --- ageing --- cooling --- temperature segregation --- hauling --- insulated truck --- re-heating --- contact stresses --- rolling resistance --- braking --- free rolling --- load --- inflation pressure --- speed --- porosity --- permeability coefficients --- mixing ratio --- aggregate size --- compressive strength --- computed tomography (CT) image --- ex-post CBA --- road modernisation --- incidence of traffic accidents --- decision-making process --- life cycle assessment --- waste management --- circular economy --- alternative materials --- construction --- road stabilisation --- bearing capacity --- unbound base course --- cold central-plant recycled base course --- falling weight deflectometer (FWD), cold recycling in-plant --- bitumen --- aging --- rejuvenation --- reclaimed asphalt --- recycling --- coal bottom ash --- waste material --- recycle --- construction industry --- civil engineering --- bitumen selection --- performance-graded bitumen --- asphalt pavement temperatures --- temperature maps --- n/a

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