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During the Enlightenment, Western scholars racialized ideas, deeming knowledge based on reality superior to that based on ideality. Scholars labeled inquiries into ideality, such as animism and soul-migration, "savage philosophy," a clear indicator of the racism motivating the distinction between the real and the ideal. In their view, the savage philosopher mistakes connections between signs for connections between real objects and believes that discourse can have physical effects-in other words, they believe in magic. Christopher Bracken's Magical Criticism brings the unacknowledged history of this racialization to light and shows how, even as we have rejected ethnocentric notions of "the savage," they remain active today in everything from attacks on postmodernism to Native American land disputes. Here Bracken reveals that many of the most influential Western thinkers dabbled in savage philosophy, from Marx, Nietzsche, and Proust, to Freud, C. S. Peirce, and Walter Benjamin. For Bracken, this recourse to savage philosophy presents an opportunity to reclaim a magical criticism that can explain the very real effects created by the discourse of historians, anthropologists, philosophers, the media, and governments.

Ethnophilosophy --- Magical thinking. --- Philosophy and civilization. --- Semiotics. --- History. --- Magical thinking --- Philosophy and civilization --- Semiotics --- Mystical-magic thinking --- Fantasy --- Magic --- Thought and thinking --- Folk philosophy --- Indigenous peoples --- Philosophy, Primitive --- Primitive philosophy --- Cognition and culture --- Ethnology --- Philosophy --- Semeiotics --- Semiology (Linguistics) --- Semantics --- Signs and symbols --- Structuralism (Literary analysis) --- Civilization and philosophy --- Civilization --- History --- critical, critique, criticism, savage, philosophy, philosopher, philosophical, enlightenment, time period, era, western, race, racial, racialized, racism, knowledge, identity, ideality, scholars, researchers, academic, scholarly, research, animism, soul, migration, ideal, discourse, physical, ethnocentric, ethnicity, native american, postmodernism, marx, nietzsche, proust, peirce, benjamin.

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This book contains important technical innovations, including comparative measures for the testable content, depth, and unity of scientific theories.Originally published in 1984.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Science --- Skepticism --- Rationalism --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Philosophy --- -Skepticism --- Scepticism --- Unbelief --- Agnosticism --- Belief and doubt --- Free thought --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Religion --- Deism --- Realism --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Psychology --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Rationalism. --- Skepticism. --- Philosophy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- wetenschap --- filosofie --- maatschappijkritiek --- Science - Philosophy --- A priori and a posteriori. --- A priori probability. --- Ad hoc. --- Ad hominem. --- Agnosticism. --- Almost surely. --- Analytic–synthetic distinction. --- Anti-realism. --- Antireductionism. --- Asymmetry. --- Atomism. --- Axiom. --- Bayesian probability. --- Bayesian statistics. --- Bayesian. --- Begging the question. --- Certainty. --- Circular reasoning. --- Classical logic. --- Classical physics. --- Contradiction. --- David Hume. --- Deductive reasoning. --- Deductive-nomological model. --- Determinism. --- Dialectician. --- Edmund Husserl. --- Explanation. --- Explanatory power. --- Extrapolation. --- Fair coin. --- Fallibilism. --- Falsifiability. --- Falsity. --- Fideism. --- First principle. --- Form of life (philosophy). --- Free parameter. --- Good and evil. --- Hilary Putnam. --- Holism. --- Hypothesis. --- Idealism. --- Impenetrability. --- Inductive reasoning. --- Inductivism. --- Inference. --- Infinite regress. --- Instance (computer science). --- Is–ought problem. --- J. L. Austin. --- Logical reasoning. --- Lottery paradox. --- Magical thinking. --- Materialism. --- Michael Polanyi. --- Modern physics. --- Modus tollens. --- Mutual exclusivity. --- Neutral monism. --- Occam's razor. --- Ontology. --- Ordinary language philosophy. --- Ought implies can. --- Paradox. --- Persuasive definition. --- Phenomenalism. --- Philosopher. --- Phrenology. --- Possible world. --- Posterior probability. --- Pre-established harmony. --- Prediction. --- Predictive power. --- Premise. --- Probabilism. --- Probability. --- Problem of induction. --- Pseudoscience. --- Pyrrhonism. --- Rationality. --- Reality. --- Reason. --- Received view. --- Reductionism. --- Relativism. --- Requirement. --- Richard Jeffrey. --- Scientific realism. --- Scientific theory. --- Sensationalism. --- Suggestion. --- Tautology (rhetoric). --- Testability. --- Theory. --- Transcendental arguments. --- Truism. --- Verisimilitude. --- Wrong direction.