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The visual, olfactory, auditory and gustatory systems of invertebrates are often used as models to study the transduction, transmission and processing of information in nervous systems, and in recent years have also provided powerful models of neural plasticity. This Research Topic presents current views on plasticity and its mechanisms in invertebrate sensory systems at the cellular, molecular and network levels, approached from both physiological and morphological perspectives. Plasticity in sensory systems can be activity- dependent, or occur in response to changes in the environment, or to endogenous stimuli. Plastic changes have been reported in receptor neurons, but are also known in other cell types, including glial cells and sensory interneurons. Also reported are dynamic changes among neuronal circuits involved in transmitting sensory stimuli and in reorganizing of synaptic contacts within a particular sensory system. Plastic changes within sensory systems in invertebrates can also be reported during development, after injury and after short or long- term stimulation. All these changes occur against an historical backdrop which viewed invertebrate nervous systems as largely hard-wired, and lacking in susceptibility especially to activity-dependent changes. This Research Topic examines how far we have moved from this simple view of simple brains, to the realization that invertebrate sensory systems exhibit all the diversity of plastic changes seen in vertebrate brains, but among neurons in which such changes can be evaluated at single-cell level.

Senses and sensation. --- Plasticity. --- Invertebrates. --- experience-induced plasticity --- C. elegans --- Insects --- circadian plasticity --- lesion-induced plasticity

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Dental caries is a process which may take place on any tooth surface in the oral cavity where dental plaque is allowed to develop over a period of time. The new edition of this popular, clinically relevant book provides the biological background required by dentistry students in order to take the science of cariology to the chairside in the management of patients. It describes the cause of caries and its progression in enamel and dentine. Methods of prevention including plaque control, use of fluoride and dietary control are described. The indications for operative management are covered, as well as how to teach patients their essential role in caries control. Illustrated in full colour and written in an accessible style, this book will appeal to dental students as well as dental nurses, dental health educators, hygienists, and therapists. It will also be of use to scientists working in the field of clinical cariology and to qualified dentists who wish to update their knowledge.

Dental Caries --- Tooth Demineralization --- Tooth Diseases --- Stomatognathic Diseases --- Diseases --- Mouth and Tooth Diseases --- Dental Diseases --- Dental Disease --- Disease, Dental --- Disease, Stomatognathic --- Diseases, Dental --- Diseases, Stomatognathic --- Stomatognathic Disease --- Disease, Tooth --- Diseases, Tooth --- Tooth Disease --- Demineralization, Tooth --- Hypomineralization, Tooth --- Tooth Hypomineralization --- Hypomineralizations, Tooth --- Tooth Hypomineralizations --- Decalcification, Pathologic --- Carious Dentin --- Decay, Dental --- Dental White Spot --- White Spot, Dental --- White Spots, Dental --- Caries, Dental --- Carious Lesions --- Dental Decay --- Dental White Spots --- Carious Dentins --- Carious Lesion --- Dentin, Carious --- Dentins, Carious --- Lesion, Carious --- Lesions, Carious --- Spot, Dental White --- Spots, Dental White --- Dental Cavities --- Dental Cavity --- Cavities, Dental --- Cavity, Dental

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Cariostatic Agents --- Dental Caries --- Dentistry --- Dental caries --- Carie dentaire --- Dentisterie --- periodicals --- Periodicals --- Périodiques --- Dentistry. --- Oral Medicine --- Cariostatic Agents. --- Dental Caries. --- Dental caries. --- Health Sciences --- Diagnostics --- Medical Education, Training & Research --- Therapeutics --- Périodiques --- MDDENTIS --- periodicals. --- Periodicals. --- Stomatology --- Cariës. --- Dental surgery --- Odontology --- Surgery, Dental --- Medicine --- Oral medicine --- Teeth --- Caries, Dental --- Cariology --- Cavities, Dental --- Decay, Tooth --- Dental cavities --- Tooth decay --- Carious Dentin --- Decay, Dental --- Dental White Spot --- White Spot, Dental --- White Spots, Dental --- Dental Decay --- Dental White Spots --- White Spots --- Carious Dentins --- Dentin, Carious --- Dentins, Carious --- Spot, White --- Spots, White --- White Spot --- Tooth Demineralization --- Cariostatic Effect --- Cariostatic Effects --- Agent, Cariostatic --- Agents, Cariostatic --- Cariostatic Agent --- Effect, Cariostatic --- Effects, Cariostatic --- Diseases --- Carious Lesions --- Carious Lesion --- Lesion, Carious --- Lesions, Carious --- Spot, Dental White --- Spots, Dental White --- Carie dentaire. --- Dental Cavities --- Dental Cavity --- Cavity, Dental --- Càries dental

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"Liu, Volpe, and Galetta's Neuro-Ophthalmology: Diagnosis and Management, 3rd Edition remains unique in its complete, authoritative coverage of the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders affecting the eye. Bridging the gap between a handbook and an encyclopedic resource, it distills a vast amount of information into a single, concise, superbly illustrated volume. User-friendly and thoroughly up to date, this highly renowned reference is a one-stop resource for current information in this growing area. Combines over 1,000 illustrations and cross references with tables, outlines, and flow-diagrams to provide you with everything you need to understand the underlying presentation, pathophysiology, neuroimaging, and diagnostic studies in neuro-ophthalmology, along with the ideal diagnostic, treatment, and ongoing management tools for all neuro-ophthalmic conditions. Covers the neurological examination and the bedside neuro-ophthalmic evaluation of comatose patients that demonstrates how the examination can be used to confirm a diagnosis arrived at from the patient history. Includes the expertise and knowledge of a small, hand-picked contributor team that ensure the latest advances are incorporated into each chapter. Contains increased coverage on the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its role in revolutionizing the ability to make more accurate neuro-ophthalmic diagnoses. Provides all-new information on gaze disorders, nystagmus, and neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of demyelinating disease. Presents current knowledge on vestibular disease and the neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of head trauma, as well as brainstem, cerebellar, and degenerative diseases"--Publisher's description.

Neuroophthalmology. --- Neuroophthalmology --- Eye Diseases --- Diagnosis. --- Eye Disorders --- Eye Disease --- Eye Disorder --- Ophthalmology --- Neuroophthalmological diagnosis --- Diagnosis --- Neuro-ophthalmology --- Neurology --- Neurologic Manifestations --- Facial Nerve Diseases --- Optic Nerve Diseases --- Visual Pathways --- Cranial Nerve II Disorder --- Neural-Optical Lesion --- Cranial Nerve II Diseases --- Foster-Kennedy Syndrome --- Optic Disc Disorders --- Optic Disk Disorders --- Optic Neuropathy --- Second Cranial Nerve Diseases --- Disc Disorder, Optic --- Disk Disorder, Optic --- Disorder, Optic Disc --- Foster Kennedy Syndrome --- Lesion, Neural-Optical --- Neural Optical Lesion --- Neural-Optical Lesions --- Neuropathy, Optic --- Optic Disc Disorder --- Optic Disk Disorder --- Optic Nerve Disease --- Optic Neuropathies --- Syndrome, Foster-Kennedy --- Cranial Nerve VII Disorders --- Facial Nerve Disorders --- Facial Nerve Motor Disorders --- Facial Nerve Sensory Disorders --- Facial Neuritis --- Familial Facial Neuropathy --- Motor Disorders, Facial Nerve --- Sensory Disorders, Facial Nerve --- Seventh Cranial Nerve Diseases --- Acquired Facial Neuropathy --- Cranial Nerve VII Diseases --- Facial Myokymia --- Facial Neuropathy --- Geniculate Ganglionitis --- Acquired Facial Neuropathies --- Disease, Facial Nerve --- Diseases, Facial Nerve --- Disorder, Facial Nerve --- Disorders, Facial Nerve --- Facial Myokymias --- Facial Nerve Disease --- Facial Nerve Disorder --- Facial Neuritides --- Facial Neuropathies --- Facial Neuropathies, Acquired --- Facial Neuropathies, Familial --- Facial Neuropathy, Acquired --- Facial Neuropathy, Familial --- Familial Facial Neuropathies --- Ganglionitides, Geniculate --- Ganglionitis, Geniculate --- Geniculate Ganglionitides --- Myokymia, Facial --- Myokymias, Facial --- Neuritides, Facial --- Neuritis, Facial --- Neuropathies, Facial --- Neuropathies, Familial Facial --- Neuropathy, Facial --- Neuropathy, Familial Facial --- Focal Neurologic Deficits --- Manifestations, Neurologic --- Manifestations, Neurological --- Neurologic Dysfunction --- Neurologic Findings --- Neurologic Manifestation --- Neurologic Signs --- Neurologic Symptoms --- Neurological Manifestations --- Neurologic Deficits --- Neurologic Signs and Symptoms --- Deficit, Focal Neurologic --- Deficit, Neurologic --- Deficits, Focal Neurologic --- Deficits, Neurologic --- Dysfunction, Neurologic --- Dysfunctions, Neurologic --- Finding, Neurologic --- Findings, Neurologic --- Focal Neurologic Deficit --- Manifestation, Neurologic --- Manifestation, Neurological --- Neurologic Deficit --- Neurologic Deficit, Focal --- Neurologic Deficits, Focal --- Neurologic Dysfunctions --- Neurologic Finding --- Neurologic Sign --- Neurologic Symptom --- Neurological Manifestation --- Sign, Neurologic --- Signs, Neurologic --- Symptom, Neurologic --- Symptoms, Neurologic --- Nervous System --- pathology

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This Special Issue on “Blood-Derived Products for Tissue Repair and Regeneration” reveals the evolution and diversity of platelet rich plasma (PRP) technologies, which includes experimental research on novel formulations, the creation of combination therapies, and the exploration of potential modifiers of PRPs, as well as efficacy of PRP therapies in clinical veterinary and human applications. Scientist and clinicians are now starting to develop different treatments based on their reinterpretation of the traditional roles of platelets and plasma, and the current Issue has provided a forum for sharing research and ways of understanding the associated medicinal benefits from different points of view. The research interest in this area has covered different medical disciplines, such as ophthalmology, dentistry, orthopedics, and sports medicine.

n/a --- biomaterial --- redifferentiation --- regenerative medicine --- skeletal muscle regeneration --- furcation defects --- Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) --- PRP --- fracture --- fibrin sealant --- periodontal surgery --- bone regeneration --- serum derived from plasma rich in growth factors (s-PRGF) --- cartilage repair --- myofibroblasts --- autologous platelet concentrates --- burns --- satellite cells --- articular cartilage --- stem cell niche --- wound healing --- quantification --- growth factors --- biologics --- platelet rich plasma --- meniscus --- adipose tissue --- Carprofen --- platelet-rich fibrin --- platelets --- hyperacute serum --- bone defects --- serum eye drops --- corneal epithelial defect --- fibrosis --- dog --- myoblasts --- differentiation --- chronic meniscal lesion --- horizontal meniscal tear --- PRGF --- collagen hydrogels --- periodontal defects --- bone grafting material --- composition --- cell therapy --- bone healing --- tissue healing --- trephination --- plasma rich plasma (PRP) --- bone repair --- plasma rich in growth factors --- knee arthrosis --- meniscus tear --- cornea regeneration --- wrist osteoarthritis --- periosteal sheet --- Platelet-Poor Plasma (PPP) --- platelet-rich plasma --- microfat --- bone grafting --- hyaluronic acid (NaHA) --- periodontal regeneration --- meniscus repair --- photobiomodulation therapy --- growth --- myogenesis --- blood derived products --- low-level laser therapy