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This new book, Sustainable Micro Irrigation Design Systems for Agricultural Crops, brings together the best research for efficient micro irrigation methods for field crops, focusing on design methods and best practices. Covering a multitude of topics, the book presents research and studies on: Indigenous alternatives for use of saline and alkali watersHydraulic performanceDistribution of moistureFertigation technologyBuried micro irrigation lateralsDrip irrigation schedulingRainwater harvesting Adoption and economic impact of a micro irrigation modelThis book is a must for those interested in

Microirrigation. --- Irrigation farming. --- Irrigation water. --- Water in agriculture.

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AQUASTAT, FAO's global information system on water and agriculture, was initiated by the Land and Water Division with a view to presenting a comprehensive picture of water resources and irrigation in the countries of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean and providing systematic, up-to-date and reliable information on water for agriculture and rural development. This report presents the results of the most recent survey carried out in the six countries of the Central Asia region, and it analyses the changes that have occurred in the ten years since the first survey. Following the AQUASTAT methodology, the survey relied as much as possible on country-based statistics and information. The report consists of three sections. Section I describes in detail the methodology used and contains a glossary of the terms used. Section II contains the regional analysis presenting a synopsis on water resources, water use and irrigation in the region and the trends over the last ten years. It also describes the legislative and institutional framework for water management as well as environmental issues and it presents prospects for agricultural water management from the countries' perspective. Section III contains detailed country profiles for Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, and one river basin profile for the Aral Sea basin.

Irrigation --- Irrigation water --- Water --- Water in agriculture --- Chemigation --- Asia, Central. --- Zentralasien --- Innerasien --- Asien --- Asia, Central --- Soviet Central Asia --- Tūrān --- Turkestan --- West Turkestan --- Asia

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"The Ogallala aquifer, a vast underground water reserve extending from South Dakota through Texas, is the product of eons of accumulated glacial melts, ancient Rocky Mountain snowmelts, and rainfall, all percolating slowly through gravel beds hundreds of feet thick. Ogallala: Water for a Dry Land is an environmental history and historical geography that tells the story of human defiance and human commitment within the Ogallala region. It describes the Great Plains’ natural resources, the history of settlement and dryland farming, and the remarkable irrigation technologies that have industrialized farming in the region. This newly updated third edition discusses three main issues: long-term drought and its implications, the efforts of several key groundwater management districts to regulate the aquifer, and T. Boone Pickens’s failed effort to capture water from the aquifer to supply major Texas urban areas. This edition also describes the fierce independence of Texas ranchers and farmers who reject any governmental or bureaucratic intervention in their use of water, and it updates information about the impact of climate change on the aquifer and agriculture."

Agricultural ecology --- Agriculture --- Irrigation --- Irrigation water --- Water --- Water in agriculture --- Chemigation --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Agroecology --- Ecology --- Permaculture --- History. --- Environmental aspects --- Ogallala Aquifer --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture - General --- History --- E-books

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- Water resources management should be assessed under climate change conditions, as historic data cannot replicate future climatic conditions. - Climate change impacts on water resources are bound to affect all water uses, i.e., irrigated agriculture, domestic and industrial water supply, hydropower generation, and environmental flow (of streams and rivers) and water level (of lakes). - Bottom-up approaches, i.e., the forcing of hydrologic simulation models with climate change models’ outputs, are the most common engineering practices and considered as climate-resilient water management approaches. - Hydrologic simulations forced by climate change scenarios derived from regional climate models (RCMs) can provide accurate assessments of the future water regime at basin scales. - Irrigated agriculture requires special attention as it is the principal water consumer and alterations of both precipitation and temperature patterns will directly affect agriculture yields and incomes. - Integrated water resources management (IWRM) requires multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches, with climate change to be an emerging cornerstone in the IWRM concept.

Precipitation --- Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) --- Multi-Satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) --- Upper Indus Basin (UIB) --- Himalaya --- streamflow --- extreme rainfall --- watershed --- dynamics of saline lakes --- extremely changing points --- extreme weather --- temporal trend --- climate change --- salinization --- water resources management --- drinking water --- debris --- water balance --- climatic change --- dam capacity --- simulation of sediment transport --- Athabasca River --- climate projection --- hydrologic modelling --- peak-flow --- return period --- stationary analysis --- non-stationary analysis --- global --- temperature --- precipitation --- Net Irrigation Water Requirement --- maize --- hydrologic modeling --- reanalysis gridded datasets --- ERA-Interim --- Balkan Peninsula

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Irrigated agriculture produces about 40% of all food and fibre on about 16% of all cropped land. As such, irrigated agriculture is a productive user of resources; both in terms of yield per cropped area and in yield per volume of water consumed. Many irrigation projects, however, use (divert or withdraw) much more water than consumed by the crop. The non-consumed fraction of the water may cause a variety of undesirable effects ranging from water-logging and salinity within the irrigated area to downstram water pollution. This book discusses all components of the water balance of an irrigated area; evapotranspiration (Ch.2), effective precipitation (Ch.3) and capillary rise from the groundwater table (Ch.4). Chapter 5 then combines all components into a water management strategy that balances actual evapotranspiration (and thus crop yield) with the groundwater balance of the irrigated area (for a substainable environment). Chapter 6 presents CRIWAR 3.0, a simulation program that combines all water balance components into a single simulation procedure. The chapter describes the use of the CRIWAR software for developing water requirement tables and other useful information based on the selected water management strategy. This version greatly expands upon the capabilities of previously published programs.

Evapotranspiration. --- Irrigation efficiency. --- Irrigation water. --- Water balance (Hydrology). --- Irrigation efficiency --- Irrigation engineering --- Irrigation water --- Water balance (Hydrology) --- Evapotranspiration --- Agriculture - General --- Agriculture --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Environmental aspects --- Environmental aspects. --- Consumptive use --- Balance, Water (Hydrology) --- Efficiency, Irrigation --- Life sciences. --- Water-supply. --- Agriculture. --- Environment. --- Water pollution. --- Life Sciences. --- Water Industry/Water Technologies. --- Environment, general. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Water-supply --- Evaporation (Meteorology) --- Plants --- Water --- Irrigation farming --- Irrigation scheduling --- Water efficiency --- Transpiration --- Water requirements --- Environmental sciences. --- Environmental pollution. --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental science --- Science --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources --- Natural resources --- Public utilities --- Water resources development --- Water utilities --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology