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The Special Edition 'Compounds with Polar Metallic Bonding' is a collection of eight original research reports presenting a broad variety of chemical systems, analytical methods, preparative pathways and theoretical descriptions of bonding situations, with the common aim of understanding the complex interplay of conduction electrons in intermetallic compounds that possess different types of dipoles. Coulombic dipoles introduced by electronegativity differences, electric or magnetic dipoles, polarity induced by symmetry reduction—all the possible facets of the term 'polarity'—can be observed in polar intermetallic phases and have their own and, in most cases, unique consequences on the physical and chemical behaviour. Elucidation of the structure–property relationships in compounds with polar metallic bonding is a modern and growing scientific field which combines solid state physics, preparative chemistry, metallurgy, modern analytic methods, crystallography, theoretical calculations of the electronic state and many more disciplines.

bonding analyses --- coloring problem --- n/a --- X-ray diffraction --- magnetism --- band structure --- group-subgroup --- alkaline-earth --- Zintl --- nitridometalate --- structure optimizations --- electronic structure --- polar intermetallics --- polar intermetallic --- intermetallic compounds --- XPS --- Zintl compounds --- stannides --- total energy --- COHP method --- symmetry reduction --- chemical bond --- plumbides --- ternary Laves phases --- powder diffraction --- intermetallics --- magnetic properties --- Ca14AlSb11 --- thermoelectric --- crystal structure --- liquid ammonia

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In recent years, the industry has started to use parts printed by powder-based laser additive manufacturing (LAM) when precision and good mechanical properties are required. Applications can be found in the aerospace, automotive, and medical sectors. However, the powder materials available are often inadequate for contemporary processing tasks, and often generate process instabilities as well as porosities and defects in the resulting parts. This Special Issue, “New Frontiers in Materials Design for Laser Additive Manufacturing”, focuses on advances in material design and the development of laser additive manufacturing. Of particular interest are original papers dealing with metal and polymer powders for laser powder bed fusion or directed energy deposition. In this Special Issue, we are especially interested in answering the following questions: How can laser process parameters and material properties be adapted to the LAM process via the matrix modification (e.g., alloying, doping, compounding) of powders? How can powder properties like flowability, wetting, porosity, or (heterogeneous) nucleation be adapted to the LAM process via the surface modification of powders? How may calorimetry, high-speed videography, pyrometry, and online spectroscopy, as well as modeling, contribute to understanding dynamics of melting and recrystallization, in addition to the lateral distribution of the thermal process window?

Technology: general issues --- Chemical engineering --- powder bed fusion --- magnesium --- process development --- additive manufacturing --- PBF-LB/M --- tool steel (1.2709) --- nanocomposite --- microstructure --- mechanical properties --- laser powder bed fusion --- selective laser melting --- oxide dispersion strengthened steel --- phase-field model --- finite element simulation --- nanoparticle interaction --- pure copper --- short wavelength laser system --- green laser --- eddy-current method --- electrical conductivity --- polyamide 12 --- nanocomposites --- nanoparticles --- dispersion --- LB-PBF --- additively manufactured parts --- aluminum alloys --- intermetallics --- thermal exposure --- n/a --- aluminium alloys --- hot cracking --- rapid solidification --- differential fast scanning calorimetry --- undercooling --- grain size --- crack density

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There is growing interest in light metallic alloys for a wide number of applications owing to their processing efficiency, processability, long service life, and environmental sustainability. Aluminum, magnesium, and titanium alloys are addressed in this Special Issue, however, the predominant role played by aluminum. The collection of papers published here covers a wide range of topics that generally characterize the performance of the alloys after manufacturing by conventional and innovative processing routes.

fatigue properties --- hydroforming --- AlSi12Cu1(Fe) --- magnesium alloy --- microstructure --- Ti6Al4V titanium alloy --- FEM simulation --- aging treatment --- AlSi11Cu2(Fe) --- titanium aluminides --- commercially pure titanium --- hot working --- quenching process --- hot rolling --- 7003 alloy --- compressive strength --- plastic strain --- precipitation --- constitutive equations --- processing temperature --- material property --- hot forging --- wear resistance --- hot deformation behavior --- solid solution hardening --- microstructural changes --- fatigue behavior --- hardening criteria --- AlSi10Mg alloy --- 7XXX Al alloy --- hot compression --- creep --- Al-5Mg wire electrode --- ultra-fine grain --- mechanical properties --- cooling rate --- residual stress --- thermomechanical treatment --- remanufacturing --- hot workability --- activation energy --- mechanical alloying --- selective laser melting --- alloy --- Al alloy --- dynamic recrystallization --- springback --- wire feedability --- cold rolling --- spray deposited --- rotary-die equal-channel angular pressing --- adhesion strength --- microarc oxidation --- aluminum alloy --- Zr --- processing map --- Al–Si alloy --- UNS A92024-T3 --- Al-Si-Cu alloys --- sludge --- high pressure die casting --- fractography --- 2024-T4 aluminum alloys --- anode pulse-width --- consolidation --- high temperature --- AlSi9Cu3(Fe) --- FEP --- resistance spot welding --- intermetallics --- tensile properties --- tensile property --- iron

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Investigation of the effect of casting and crystallization on the structure and properties of the resulting light alloys and, in particular, research connected with detailed analysis of the microstructure of light alloys obtained using various external influences of ultrasonic, vibration, magnetic, and mechanical processing on the casting and crystallization are discussed. Research on the study of introduction of additives (modifiers, reinforcers, including nanosized ones, etc.) into the melt during the crystallization process, the technological properties of casting (fluidity, segregation, shrinkage, etc.), the structure and physicomechanical properties of light alloys are also included.

aluminum alloy --- titanium diboride --- master alloy --- structure --- mechanical properties --- aluminum --- alumina nanoparticles --- microstructure --- elastic limit --- strength --- Al/SiC composite --- porosity in composites --- finite element analysis --- Al–Mg–Si --- α-Al8(Fe2Mn)Si particles --- solution treatment --- ageing --- dissolution of Fe --- Differential Scanning Calorimetry --- casting speed --- solidification --- Ohno continuous casting --- gravity casting --- dendritic spacing --- composite materials --- hypereutectic aluminum alloys --- Al-Zn-Mg alloys --- rapid solidification --- eutectic --- CALPHAD --- intermetallics --- precipitation hardening --- aluminum-zirconium wire alloys --- electromagnetic casting --- drawing --- electrical conductivity --- phase composition --- nanoparticles --- friction stir processing --- aluminum alloys --- copper alloys --- titanium alloys --- magnesium alloys --- subsurface gradient structures --- surface modification --- hardening with reinforcing particles --- hybrid in situ surfaces --- friction stir welding --- grade 2 titanium alloy --- ZhS6U Ni-based superalloy --- welding tool --- tool wear --- structure formation --- adhesion --- metal transfer --- in-situ friction stir process --- Al-Cu metallomatrix composite --- intermetallic compounds --- diffusion-controlled reactions --- Al-Cu eutectics --- intermetallides --- hydrides --- TiAl system --- n/a --- Al-Mg-Si

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This reprint presents the current state of knowledge and the latest advances in the development of microstructure and material properties using modern FSP (Friction Stir Processing) and related technologies such as FSW (Friction Stir Welding). The chapters of this reprint contain valuable results of research on changes in the microstructure and properties of materials caused by the use of the above technologies. Detailed analysis of these results allowed for the formulation of constructive conclusions of scientific and technological importance. The issues described in here present a significant cognitive and application potential and indicate the problems and implementation challenges faced by users of FSP and related technologies.

stir casting --- boron carbide --- silicon carbide --- AA6061 aluminium alloy --- tensile strength --- friction stir welding --- bobbin tool --- AA1050-H14 --- pin geometry --- travel speed --- welding temperature --- mechanical properties --- groove joint design --- gas tungsten arc welding --- 2205 DSS --- friction stir lap welding --- definitive screening design (DSD) --- tensile shear load --- tool penetration depth --- plunge depth --- friction stir deposition --- solid-state additive manufacturing --- AA2011-T6 and AA2011-O --- AA2011 aluminum alloy --- microstructure --- intermetallics --- hardness --- Friction stir spot welding --- low-carbon steel --- brass --- load-carrying capacity --- dissimilar friction stir welding --- tool penetration depth (TPD) --- intermetallic compound (IMC) thickness --- process parameter --- friction stir processing --- 7075 aluminum alloy --- air cooling --- jet cooling nozzle --- microstructure evolution --- tribological properties --- aluminum alloys --- AA6082 --- friction stir spot welding --- n/a