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This volume presents a selection of papers and case studies first presented at a conference designed to focus on the toilets of the Northwestern provinces of the Roman Empire, taking place at Radboud University on the 1st and 2nd of May 2009. Papers demonstrate the value of scientific analysis of waste to understand the food habits and diseases of the Roman users of the toilet, while elsewhere questions on how to find the necessary expertise and financing for such investigations were raised.

Toilets --- History --- Europe, Western --- Antiquities, Roman

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Provides an introduction to the political systems and processes of western Europe. The text has been updated to take account of French, British and Italian general elections, the changes in global politics as a result of September 11th terrorist attacks, and plans for EU enlargement.

Politics --- Europe --- Europe, Western - Politics and government. --- Politics and government --- Europe, Western --- Politics and government.

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How do schools and public history influence each other? Cases studies focusing on school and public history around the world shed light on the intricate relationships between schools, students, teachers, policy makers and public historians. From why Robben Island is not included in South African curriculum to how German schools shape Holocaust memory, the case studies offered in this book sheds light on a current topic.

Contemporary History. --- International. --- Public History. --- School. --- HISTORY / Europe / Western.

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Die Arbeit untersucht Leben, Werk und Wirken von emigrierten Historiker/-innen in Großbritannien in Form einer Kollektivbiographie. 4 große Themenkomplexe werden untersucht: die Emigration und Integration der Historiker/-innen, ihre universitären Karrieren, ihre Forschungsthemen und -methoden sowie ihre Position in der britischen und deutschen Historikerschaft. The work examines the lives, works, and impact of emigrated historians in Great Britain in the form of a collective biography. It investigates four major thematic areas: the historians’ emigration and integration, their university careers, their research interests and methods, and their status among British and German historians.

HISTORY / Europe / Western. --- Germany --- Great Britain --- Emigration and immigration.

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This decisive contribution to the long-running debate about the dynamics of state formation and elite transformation in early modern Europe examines the new monarchies that emerged during the course of the 'long seventeenth century'. It argues that the players surviving the power struggles of this period were not 'states' in any modern sense, but primarily princely dynasties pursuing not only dynastic ambitions and princely prestige but the consequences of dynastic chance. At the same time, elites, far from insisting on confrontation with the government of princes for principled ideological reasons, had every reason to seek compromise and even advancement through new channels that the governing dynasty offered, if only they could profit from them. Monarchy Transformed ultimately challenges the inevitability of modern maps of Europe and shows how, instead of promoting state formation, the wars of the period witnessed the creation of several dynastic agglomerates and new kinds of aristocracy.

Elite (Social sciences) --- Elite (Social sciences). --- Kings and rulers. --- Monarchy --- Monarchy. --- Nobility --- Nobility. --- History --- 1517-1648. --- Europe --- Europe, Western --- Europe, Western. --- Europe. --- Kings and rulers --- History. --- History of Europe --- anno 1500-1799 --- Elite --- Kingdom (Monarchy) --- Executive power --- Political science --- Royalists --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Monarchy - Europe, Western - History --- Elite (Social sciences) - Europe, Western - History --- Nobility - Europe, Western - History --- Europe - History - 1517-1648 --- Europe - Kings and rulers - History --- Europe, Western - History