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Pancreatic ribonuclease, the focus of highly productive scientific research for more than half a century and the only enzyme to be the basis of four Nobel prizes, has recently undergone a resurgence in popularity for the recognition of an extended ribonuclease superfamily with functions ranging from tumour growth and inhibition to self-recognition and neurotoxicity. This volume highlights the functional diversity of ribonucleases and reveals the emerging research opportunities provided by these enzymes.* Never before has discussion of the entire family of ribonucleases and related

Nucleoproteins. --- Ribonucleases. --- Ribonucleases--Structure-activity relationships. --- RNA. --- Ribonucleases --- Structure-Activity Relationship --- Esterases --- Pharmacological Phenomena --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Hydrolases --- Physiological Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Enzymes --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Animal Biochemistry --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Structure-activity relationships --- Nucleases. --- Structure-activity relationships. --- RNases --- Nucleases

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Research into the paraoxonase (PON) multigene family has really only blossomed in the last 10 years. Before this time only PON1 was known and research was restricted to toxicologists investigating the metabolism of organophosphate insecticides and nerve gases and a few “mad” scientists searching for “natural” substrates. Since this time two new members PON2 and PON3 have been discovered, all 3 PONs have been shown to act as antioxidants and the PON family has taken centre stage as major players in the development of a wide variety of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatism, Alzheimer and many more while remaining important in determining organophosphate toxicity. In September 2006 the 2nd International Conference on Paraoxonases took place in Hajdúszoboszló, Hungary, bringing together the world's foremost experts in the field. The current book is a distillation of the plenary lectures which took place at the meeting, resulting in a comprehensive up to date, state of the art review of current paraoxonase research.

Paraoxonase --- Biochemistry. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Aromatic esterase --- Arylesterase --- Esterases --- Composition --- Internal medicine. --- Cardiology. --- Diabetes. --- Metabolic diseases. --- Internal Medicine. --- Metabolic Diseases. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Disorders of metabolism --- Metabolic diseases --- Metabolic disorders --- Metabolism, Disorders of --- Diseases --- Brittle diabetes --- Diabetes mellitus --- IDDM (Disease) --- Insulin-dependent diabetes --- Ketosis prone diabetes --- Type 1 diabetes --- Carbohydrate intolerance --- Endocrine glands --- Diabetic acidosis --- Glycosylated hemoglobin --- Heart --- Internal medicine --- Medicine, Internal --- Medicine --- Medical biochemistry. --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Pathology

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"The diversity of RNAs inside living cells is amazing. We have known of the more "classic" RNA species: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA for some time now, but in a steady stream new types of molecules are being described as it is becoming clear that most of the genomic information of cells ends up in RNA. To deal with the enormous load of resulting RNA processing and degradation reactions, cells need adequate and efficient molecular machines. The RNA exosome is arising as a major facilitator to this effect. Structural and functional data gathered over the last decade have illustrated the biochemical importance of this multimeric complex and its many co-factors, revealing its enormous regulatory power. By gathering some of the most prominent researchers in the exosome field, it is the aim of the book to introduce this fascinating protein complex and to give a timely and rich account of its many functions"--Provided by publisher.

Ribonucleases. --- Ribosomes. --- RNA -- Metabolism. --- Ribonucleases --- RNA --- Ribosomes --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Nucleic Acids --- Exonucleases --- Chemical Phenomena --- Esterases --- Phenomena and Processes --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Hydrolases --- Enzymes --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Exoribonucleases --- Metabolism --- RNA Stability --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Metabolism. --- Ribonucleoprotein particles --- Ribonucleic acid metabolism --- RNases --- Medicine. --- Molecular biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Cell organelles --- Microsomes --- Nucleoproteins --- Protoplasm --- Nucleases --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general.

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Not only do glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators facilitate the transfer of messages from one cell to another, they also facilitate communication among subcellular organelles. Hot Topics in Neural Membrane Lipidology provides readers with a cutting-edge, comprehensive review of these lipid mediators, their roles and association with neurological disorders, and the future direction of research on the topic. This monograph provides readers with critical data and is particularly accessible to neuroscience graduate students, teachers, and researchers. It can be used as a supplemental text for a range of neuroscience courses. Clinicians and pharmacologists will find this book useful for understanding molecular aspects of lipid mediators in acute neural trauma like stroke, spinal cord trauma, head injury, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and Huntington disease. About the Author: Akhlaq A. Farooqui is a leader in the field of brain phospholipases A2, bioactive ether lipid metabolism, and glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity. He has discovered the stimulation of plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2 activity in brains from patients with Alzheimer disease, and published cutting edge research on the generation and identification of glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators in kainic acid neurotoxicity. Dr. Farooqui has authored three monographs: Glycerophospholipids in Brain: Phospholipase A2 in Neurological Disorders (2007); Neurochemical Aspects of Excitotoxicity (2008); and Metabolism and Functions of Bioactive Ether Lipids in Brain (2008). All monographs are published by Springer, New York.

Cell membranes. --- Electronic structure --Congresses. --- Membrane lipids. --- Neurons. --- Phospholipases. --- Phospholipids. --- Selenium --Congresses. --- Sphingolipids. --- Tellurium --Congresses. --- Membrane lipids --- Cell membranes --- Neurons --- Sphingolipids --- Phospholipids --- Phospholipases --- Membrane Lipids --- Neurotoxins --- Lipids --- Noxae --- Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases --- Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases --- Esterases --- Toxic Actions --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Hydrolases --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Enzymes --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Animal Biochemistry --- Neurology --- Medicine --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Phosphatides --- Nerve cells --- Neurocytes --- Cell surfaces --- Cytoplasmic membranes --- Plasma membranes --- Plasmalemma --- 538.91 <063> --- Biological models --- Modèles biologiques --- Modèles biologiques --- Medicine. --- Neurosciences. --- Neurochemistry. --- Neurology. --- Psychopharmacology. --- Biomedicine. --- 538.93 <063> --- 538.91 <063> Structures, including transitions--Congressen --- Structures, including transitions--Congressen --- 538.93 <063> Transport processes (except in quantum liquids and solids)--Congressen --- Transport processes (except in quantum liquids and solids)--Congressen --- Solid state physics --- Sphingosine --- Phosphates --- Cells --- Nervous system --- Membranes (Biology) --- Glycocalyces --- Endocrinology --- Mathematical models --- Data processing --- Endocrinologie --- Modèles mathématiques --- Behavioral pharmacology --- Drugs --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacology --- Psychotropic drugs --- Neuropsychiatry --- Biochemistry --- Neurosciences --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Psychotropic effects --- Diseases --- Neurology .