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Debates over foreign aid can seem strangely innocent of history. Economists argue about effectiveness and measurement--how to make aid work. Meanwhile, critics in donor countries bemoan what they see as money wasted on corrupt tycoons or unworthy recipients. What most ignore is the essentially political character of foreign aid. Looking back to the origins and evolution of foreign aid during the Cold War, David C. Engerman invites us to recognize the strategic thinking at the heart of development assistance--as well as the political costs. In The Price of Aid, Engerman argues that superpowers turned to foreign aid as a tool of the Cold War. India, the largest of the ex-colonies, stood at the center of American and Soviet aid competition. Officials of both superpowers saw development aid as an instrument for pursuing geopolitics through economic means. But Indian officials had different ideas, seeking superpower aid to advance their own economic visions, thus bringing external resources into domestic debates about India's economic future. Drawing on an expansive set of documents, many recently declassified, from seven countries, Engerman reconstructs a story of Indian leaders using Cold War competition to win battles at home, but in the process eroding the Indian state. The Indian case provides an instructive model today. As China spends freely in Africa, the political stakes of foreign aid are rising once again.--
Economic assistance --- Cold War --- Economic assistance, American --- Economic assistance, Soviet --- Geopolitics --- Political aspects --- History --- Economic aspects. --- Influence. --- India --- Economic conditions
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En axant la politique extérieure sur le non-alignement et en optant pour un développement autocentré qui traduisait une grande méfiance à l’égard du capital étranger, l’Inde de Nehru laissa clairement entendre une volonté de s’affranchir des interventions extérieures quant à la détermination de ses orientations politiques. Un nationalisme ombrageux qui dut s’accommoder d’un recours croissant à l’aide étrangère, nécessité par des difficultés économiques ou des besoins militaires. L’évocation des motivations qui animèrent les États-Unis et l’Union Soviétique dans leurs politiques d’aide à un pays dont l’importance géostratégique, les ressources humaines et naturelles représentaient un enjeu important de la guerre froide, et les réactions que ces motivations suscitèrent en Inde, figurent au centre de cette étude et permettent de cerner les facteurs sur lesquels les dirigeants indiens s’appuyèrent pour endiguer les menaces pesant sur l’indépendance nationale.
Nonalignment --- Non-alignement --- History --- Histoire --- India --- Inde --- Foreign relations --- Relations extérieures --- Economic assistance, American --- Economic assistance, Soviet --- Neutralism --- Non-aligned nations --- Non-alignment --- Nonaligned nations --- International relations --- Neutrality --- Soviet economic assistance --- Foreign economic relations --- Bharat --- Bhārata --- Government of India --- Ḣindiston Respublikasi --- Indië --- Indien --- Indii︠a︡ --- Indland --- Indo --- Republic of India --- Sāthāranarat ʻIndīa --- Yin-tu --- インド --- هند --- Индия --- non-alignement --- nationalisme --- aide étrangère --- indépendance nationale --- enjeu politique --- modèle soviétique --- impérialisme --- ostracisme
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