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Space plasma is so hot that the atoms break up into charged particles which then become trapped and stored in magnetic fields. When critical conditions are reached the magnetic field breaks up, releasing a large amount of energy and causing dramatic phenomena. The largest space plasma activity events observed in the solar system occur on the Sun, when coronal mass ejections expel several billion tons of plasma mass into space. This book provides a coherent and detailed treatment of the physical background of large plasma eruptions in space. It provides the background necessary for dealing with space plasma activity, and allows the reader to reach a deeper understanding of this fascinating natural event. The book employs both fluid and kinetic models, and discusses the applications to magnetospheric and solar activity. This will form an interesting reference for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of astrophysics and plasma physics.

Space plasmas. --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Cosmic plasmas --- Plasmas, Cosmic --- Plasmas, Space --- Cosmic physics

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Space plasmas. --- Upper atmosphere. --- Aeronomy --- Atmosphere, Upper --- Atmosphere --- Cosmic plasmas --- Plasmas, Cosmic --- Plasmas, Space --- Cosmic physics --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Energy transfer. --- Energy storage --- Force and energy --- Transport theory

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Magnetosphere. --- Geomagnetism. --- Space plasmas. --- Cosmic plasmas --- Plasmas, Cosmic --- Plasmas, Space --- Cosmic physics --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Earth magnetic field --- Geomagnetic field --- Magnetism, Terrestrial --- Terrestrial magnetic field --- Terrestrial magnetism --- Geophysics --- Magnetism --- Upper atmosphere

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Plasma physics --- Fluid mechanics --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Space plasmas --- Fluids --- Plasma (Gaz ionisés) --- Plasmas cosmiques --- Fluides --- 533.9 --- 532 --- Cosmic plasmas --- Plasmas, Cosmic --- Plasmas, Space --- Cosmic physics --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Hydraulics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability --- Fluid mechanics in general. Mechanics of liquids (hydromechanics) --- Fluids. --- Space plasmas. --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- 532 Fluid mechanics in general. Mechanics of liquids (hydromechanics) --- 533.9 Plasma physics --- Plasma (Gaz ionisés) --- Plasma [Astrofysica]. --- Vloeistoffen --- Plasma [Physique] --- Plasma [Astrophysique]. --- Plasma [Kernfysica].

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The book consists of four Chapters. Chapter 1 shortly describes main properties of space plasmas and primary CR, different types of CR interactions with space plasmas components (matter, photons, and frozen in magnetic fields). Chapter 2 considers the problem of CR propagation in space plasmas described by the kinetic equation and different types of diffusion approximations (diffusion in momentum space and in pitch-angle space, anisotropic diffusion, anomaly CR diffusion and compound diffusion, the influence of magnetic clouds on CR propagation, non-diffusive CR particle pulse transport). Chapter 3 is devoted to CR non-linear effects in space plasmas caused by CR pressure and CR kinetic stream instabilities with the generation of Alfvèn turbulence (these effects are important in galaxies, in the Heliosphere, in CR and gamma-ray sources and in the processes of CR acceleration). In Chapter 4 different processes of CR acceleration in space plasmas are considered: the development of the Fermi statistical mechanism, acceleration in the turbulent plasma, Alfven mechanism of magnetic pumping, induction mechanisms, acceleration during magnetic collapse and compression, cumulative acceleration mechanism near the zero lines of a magnetic field, acceleration in shear flows, shock-wave diffusion (regular) acceleration. The book ends with a list providing more than 1,300 full references, a discussion on future developments and unsolved problems, as well as Object and Author indexes. This book will be useful for experts and students in CR research, Astrophysics and Geophysics, and in Space Physics.

Galactic cosmic rays. --- Cosmic rays. --- Space plasmas. --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Cosmic plasmas --- Plasmas, Cosmic --- Plasmas, Space --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Millikan rays --- Extraterrestrial radiation --- Ionizing radiation --- Nuclear physics --- Radioactivity --- Space environment --- Cosmic rays --- Galaxies --- Astronomy. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Particle and Nuclear Physics. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Space sciences. --- Nuclear physics. --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical