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Magnetism defines the complex and dynamic solar corona. It determines the magnetic loop structure that dominates images of the corona, and stores the energy necessary to drive coronal eruptive phenomena and flare explosions. At great heights the corona transitions into the ever-outflowing solar wind, whose speed and three-dimensional morphology are controlled by the global coronal magnetic field. Coronal magnetism is thus at the heart of any understanding of the nature of the corona, and essential for predictive capability of how the Sun affects the Earth. Coronal magnetometry is a subject that requires a concerted effort to draw together the different strands of research happening around the world. Each method provides some information about the field, but none of them can be used to determine the full 3D field structure in the full volume of the corona. Thus, we need to combine them to understand the full picture. The purpose of this Frontiers Research Topic on Coronal Magnetometry is to provide a forum for comparing and coordinating these research methods, and for discussing future opportunities.

solar corona --- Solar Activity --- magnetohydrodynamics --- solar flares --- Coronal mass ejections --- Magnetic Fields --- spectropolarimetry --- Sun

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Solar energetic particles (SEPs) emitted from the Sun are a major space weather hazard motivating the development of predictive capabilities. This book presents the results and findings of the HESPERIA (High Energy Solar Particle Events forecasting and Analysis) project of the EU HORIZON 2020 programme. It discusses the forecasting operational tools developed within the project, and presents progress to SEP research contributed by HESPERIA both from the observational as well as the SEP modelling perspective. Using multi-frequency observational data and simulations HESPERIA investigated the chain of processes from particle acceleration in the corona, particle transport in the magnetically complex corona and interplanetary space, to the detection near 1 AU. The book also elaborates on the unique software that has been constructed for inverting observations of relativistic SEPs to physical parameters that can be compared with spac e-borne measurements at lower energies. Introductory and pedagogical material included in the book make it accessible to students at graduate level and will be useful as background material for Space Physics and Space Weather courses with emphasis on Solar Energetic Particle Event Forecasting and Analysis. This book is published with open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.

Physics. --- Natural disasters. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Solar and Heliospheric Physics. --- Natural Hazards. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Solar system. --- Geology. --- Astrophysics. --- Solar and Heliospheric Physics . --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Milky Way --- Space sciences. --- Atmospheric sciences --- Atmosphere --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science --- Natural calamities --- Disasters --- Coronal Mass Ejections --- Gamma-Ray Flares --- Solar Wind Shock Waves --- Space Weather Forecasting --- Solar Flares --- Solar Energetic Particles --- Particle Acceleration in the Solar Corona

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Positrons can be used to study metallic defects. Positron annihilation experiments have been carried out to identify the defects in complex oxides. Positrons have also been used to study the Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC). Ps-BEC can be used to measure antigravity using atomic interferometers. This Special Issue hopes to bring awareness of the various aspects of positron interactions to the larger physics communities. We invite authors to submit articles from all areas of physics.

photoionization --- photoabsorption --- photodetachment --- positronium negative ion --- Feshbach and shape resonance states --- correlated exponential wave functions --- complex-coordinate rotation method --- positron-impact excitation --- variational polarized orbital method --- Born approximation --- Coulomb-dipole theory --- positron vs. electron impact ionization --- antihydrogen --- radiative attachment --- antihydrogen ion --- analytical --- hydrogen ion --- solar flares --- coronal mass ejections --- shocks --- positrons --- positronium --- positron annihilation --- pion decay --- autoionization states --- doubly excited states --- Feshbach states --- resonances --- shape resonances --- electron-impact ionization --- hydrogen --- positron-impact ionization --- velocity field --- vortices --- Electron-Positron Scatterings --- atoms and molecules --- cross sections and spin polarization --- theoretical approaches --- Stark effects --- Gailitis resonance --- LENR --- muon catalyzed fusion --- free–free transitions --- opacity