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This important study focuses on the way in which structures and materials can be best designed to absorb kinetic energy in a controllable and predictable manner. Understanding of energy absorption of structures and materials is important in calculating the damage to structures caused by accidental collision, assessing the residual strength of structures after initial damage and in designing packaging to protect its contents in the event of impact. Whilst a great deal of recent research has taken place into the energy absorption behaviour of structures and materials and significant progress has been made, this knowledge is diffuse and widely scattered. This book offers a synthesis of the most recent developments and forms a detailed and comprehensive view of the area. It is an essential reference for all engineers concerned with materials engineering in relation to the theory of plasticity, structural mechanics and impact dynamics.

Strength of materials. --- Structural dynamics. --- Engineering --- Automobile and Transportation --- Buildings --- Building damage prevention --- Building protection --- Protection of buildings --- Building failures --- Building dynamics --- Dynamics, Structural --- Structural vibration --- Strains and stresses --- Structural analysis (Engineering) --- Architectural engineering --- Engineering, Architectural --- Materials, Strength of --- Resistance of materials --- Building materials --- Flexure --- Mechanics --- Testing --- Elasticity --- Graphic statics --- Protection. --- Damage prevention --- Impact

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Architecture --- Buildings --- Building --- 53 --- 681.8 --- 697 --- 699.844 --- akoestiek --- bouw --- bouwfysica --- bouwkunde --- fysica --- natuurkunde --- vocht --- Walter Meyer-Bohe --- warmte --- Architecture, Western (Western countries) --- Building design --- Construction --- Western architecture (Western countries) --- Art --- Building damage prevention --- Building protection --- Protection of buildings --- Building failures --- Protection --- Details --- Design and construction --- Damage prevention --- Building materials. Building technology --- Structural parts and elements of building --- structural engineering --- building physics --- Architecture, Primitive

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This book examines the impact of air pollution on cultural heritage materials, which is a serious concern because it can lead to loss of important parts of our history and culture. Damage includes corrosion, bio-degradation and soiling. In recent years, there have been major changes in both the sources and amounts of emissions of air pollution that have altered the rate and extent of building damage. The book reviews the sources of the air pollutants responsible for building damage and the mechanisms involved. Studies investigating the relationships between pollution concentration (dose) and the resulting damage (response) are described and the latest research findings for dose-response functions presented. Trends in pollutant emissions, ambient concentrations and changes in building damage over time are discussed and future predictions presented.. Procedures for estimating the economic implications are described and the consequences are discussed in detail, because economic factors are important for reaching policy and management decisions at local, national and international scales. An important part of the economic evaluation relies on having reliable estimates of theactual amounts of material that need to be considered - the stock at risk. This estimation is difficult for heritage materials, since the buildings and monuments involved are very varied in size, shape, age and composition. The most up to date studies are presented, with a number of case studies to show how this subject may be approached. Damage to cultural heritage buildings is an important effect of air pollution, which needs to be considered as current air quality standards, largely based on health effects, are revised. The factors which will need to be brought into the assessment, including potential ways to address the fact that there is no general consensus on what might be considered a tolerable or acceptable rate, are presented. Finally, a range of possible strategies and methods for conservation and maintenance, as required by building managers, is described and a number of case studies presented. This book combines the results of recent research with practical information and provides an important reference manual for researchers, policy makers, economists and historic building managers working in the field of cultural heritage protection.

Air -- Pollution. --- Buildings -- Protection. --- Weathering of buildings. --- Air --- Buildings --- Weathering of buildings --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Environmental Engineering --- Pollution --- Protection --- Protection. --- Building deterioration, External --- Building weathering --- Deterioration of buildings, External --- Building damage prevention --- Building protection --- Protection of buildings --- Weathering --- Damage prevention --- Environment. --- Cultural heritage. --- Regional planning. --- Urban planning. --- City planning. --- Building repair. --- Environmental management. --- Air pollution. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Cultural Heritage. --- Environmental Management. --- Urbanism. --- Building Repair and Maintenance. --- Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning. --- Repair and reconstruction. --- Exterior walls --- Building failures --- Environmental protection. --- Architecture. --- Building construction. --- Regional development --- Regional planning --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- City planning --- Landscape protection --- Architecture, Western (Western countries) --- Building design --- Construction --- Western architecture (Western countries) --- Art --- Building --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Cultural heritage --- Cultural patrimony --- Cultural resources --- Heritage property --- National heritage --- National patrimony --- National treasure --- Patrimony, Cultural --- Treasure, National --- Property --- World Heritage areas --- Environmental quality management --- Protection of environment --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental policy --- Environmental quality --- Government policy --- Design and construction --- Buildings—Repair and reconstruction. --- Building reconstruction --- Building renovation --- Building repair --- Reconstruction of buildings --- Remodeling of buildings --- Renovation of buildings --- Maintenance --- Repairing --- Architecture --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Reconstruction --- Remodeling --- Renovation --- Conservation and restoration --- Control