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Bacteriocins. --- Bacteriocins --- Antibacterial agents --- Industrial applications.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Protective cultures --- Bacteriocins --- Food biopreservation --- Lactic acid bacteria --- foodborne pathogens --- Food microbiota --- Antimicrobial activity

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Microbes produce an extraordinary array of defense systems. These include bacteriocins, a class of antimicrobial molecules with narrow killing spectra, produced by bacteria. The book describes the diversity and ecological role of bacteriocins of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, presenting a new classification scheme for the former and a state-of-the-art look at the role of bacteriocins in bacterial communication. It discusses the molecular evolution of colicins and colicin-like bacteriocins, and provides a contemporary overview of archaeocins, bacteriocin-like antimicrobials produced by archaebacteria. Furthermore, various modeling (in silico) studies elucidate the role of bacteriocins in microbial community dynamics and fitness, delving into rock-paper-scissors competition and the counter-intuitive survival of the weakest. The book makes compelling reading for a multi-faceted scientific audience, including those working in the fields of biodiversity and biotechnology, notably in the human and animal health domain.

Bacteriocins. --- Gram-negative bacteria. --- Gram-positive bacteria. --- Bacteria --- Antibacterial agents --- Bacteriology. --- Microbial ecology. --- Microbiology. --- Biochemistry. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Microbial Ecology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Environmental microbiology --- Ecology --- Microbiology --- Composition --- Evolutionary biology. --- Medical microbiology.

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Ensuring microbiological safety in the food (of animal origin) chain is a challenging task due to the complex interactions among animals, humans and the environment. However, technological and analytical advances in recent years have provided a broader insight into microbiological hazards in the food chain and risk assessment. The objective of the proposed Special Issue “Study of Microbiological Safety in the Food Chain” was therefore to obtain scientific papers addressing microbiological hazards in the food chain, such as bacterial antimicrobial resistance, bacterial or fungal spoilage of foods, the antimicrobial potential of the indigenous microbiota, the aminogenic or amine-reducing capacity of the microbiota, and papers that apply novel methods to study the food microbiome to discover potential, previously unknown microbial hazards. This Special Issue of the journal Processes entitled “Study of Microbiological Safety in the Food Chain” consists of nine research papers and one review paper. Four papers focus on the microbiological aspects of milk and dairy products, three on meat and meat products, two on eggs, and one on various market foods. The microorganisms of interest were species of lactobacilli, enterococci and molds, Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus and the general microbiota in certain foods.

antimicrobial resistance --- Lactobacillus johnsonii --- Lactobacillus zeae --- MALDI-TOF-MS --- milk --- PCR --- mold --- egg --- Penicillium --- colony morphology --- Ehrlich reaction --- creatine --- restriction enzyme --- PCR-ITS-RFLP --- egg quality --- Cladosporium --- Fusarium --- raw goat milk --- enterococcal species --- safety --- virulence factor --- bacteriocins --- meat safety --- biological hazards --- Yersinia enterocolitica --- Toxoplasma gondii --- food chain information --- emerging foodborne pathogens --- Bacillus --- probiotics --- ewe --- milk lump cheese --- microbiome --- microbial flora --- dry aged beef --- rancidity --- index --- meat products --- dry-cured hams --- sensory evaluation --- surface moulds --- Aspergillus --- Croatian regions --- biogenic amines --- enterococci --- lactobacilli --- lactococci --- ripened cheese --- n/a

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[Increasing evidence suggests that microbiota and especially the gut microbiota (the microbes inhabiting the gut including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi) plays a key role in human physiology and pathology. Recent findings indicate how dysbiosis—an imbalance in the composition and organization of microbial populations—could severely impact the development of different medical conditions (from metabolic to mood disorders), providing new insights into the comprehension of diverse diseases, such as IBD, obesity, asthma, autism, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. Given that microbial cells in the gut outnumber host cells, microbiota influences human physiology both functionally and structurally. Microbial metabolites bridge various—even distant—areas of the organism by way of the immune and hormone system. For instance, it is now clear that the mutual interaction between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain (gut–brain axis), often involves gut microbiota, indicating that the crosstalk between the organism and its microbial residents represents a fundamental aspect of both the establishment and maintenance of healthy conditions. Moreover, it is crucial to recognize that beyond the intestinal tract, microbiota populates other host organs and tissues (e.g., skin and oral mucosa). We have edited this eBook with the aim of publishing manuscripts focusing on the impact of microbiota in the development of different diseases and their associated treatments.]

gastrointestinal diseases --- sterile inflammation --- n/a --- Staphylococcus spp. --- etiopathogenesis --- colitis --- Escherichia coli --- bacteriophages --- atopic dermatitis --- intravenous immunoglobulin G --- adaptive immunity --- 16S rRNA gene --- vaginal microbiota --- modularity --- innate immunity --- gut-liver axis --- disease activity --- immune system --- cytokines --- commensals --- Staphylococcus aureus --- dysbiosis --- fecal transplantation --- TLR mimicry --- etanercept --- dextran sulfate sodium --- CAR T-cell --- 3-dihydroxy-4-methoxyBenzaldehyde --- chemo free treatment --- Staphylococcus epidermis --- rheumatoid arthritis --- microbiome --- co-occurrence network --- immune epigenetics --- 2 --- autoimmunity --- superoxide dismutase --- precision medicine --- metabolism --- adoptive cell transfer (ACT) --- gut barrier --- antibiotics --- checkpoint inhibitors --- probiotics --- microbiota --- Candida albicans --- Enterococcus faecalis --- chronic liver diseases --- TCR --- anaerobic bacteria --- HSV2 --- bacteriocins --- methotrexate --- microbial interactions --- T cells --- virus --- mice --- lymphoid malignancies --- HPV --- macrophages --- anti-TNF-? --- inflammation --- chondroitin sulfate disaccharide --- immunotherapy --- genomics --- immuno-oncology --- diet --- aerobic bacteria --- immunological niche --- melanin --- health --- chemokines --- gut microbiota --- cutaneous immunity --- HIV --- TIL --- cancer --- global network