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Starting in the nineteenth century the scholarly consensus has been to attribute the decline of the Spanish empire to structural rigidity, corrupt bureaucracy and repressive policies. In The Empire of the Cities , Aurelio Espinosa challenges these theories and offers groundbreaking insight into Spain’s political process and emphasizes early modern state formation. Spain’s empire should no longer be viewed simply as a symbol of royal absolutism and dominance. Rather it functioned as a collection of autonomous municipalities interconnected by a parliament that articulated domestic programs and foreign policy. Professor Espinosa also provides a more nuanced understanding of the monarchical government in revealing new insight into royal institutions and management procedures under Emperor Charles V. The Empire of the Cities offers a fascinating and penetrating look inside Spain’s political system that encouraged both expansionism and domestic stability.

Comuneros-Aufstand --- Karl (Römisch-Deutsches Reich, Kaiser, V.) --- Charles --- Karel --- Carolus --- Charles-Quint --- Karl --- Keizer Karel --- Carlos --- Castile (Spain) --- Spain --- History --- Charles - V, - Holy Roman Emperor, - 1500-1558. --- Castile (Spain) - History - Uprising, 1520-1521 --- Spain - History - Charles I, 1516-1556.

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In Brill's Companion to Insurgency and Terrorism in the Ancient Mediterranean , Tim Howe and Lee Brice challenge the view that these forms of conflict are specifically modern phenomena by offering an historical perspective that exposes readers to the ways insurgency movements and terror tactics were common elements of conflict in antiquity. Assembling original research on insurgency and terrorism in various regions including, the Ancient Near East, Greece, Central Asia, Persia, Egypt, Judea, and the Roman Empire, they provide a deep historical context for understanding these terms, demonstrate the usefulness of insurgency and terrorism as concepts for analysing ancient Mediterranean behavior, and point the way toward future research.

Aufstand. --- Antike. --- Insurgency --- Insurgency. --- Terrorism --- Terrorism. --- History --- To 1500. --- Mediterranean Region --- Mediterranean Region. --- Mittelmeerraum. --- History, Military --- Insurgent attacks --- Rebellions --- Civil war --- Political crimes and offenses --- Revolutions --- Government, Resistance to --- Internal security --- Acts of terrorism --- Attacks, Terrorist --- Global terrorism --- International terrorism --- Political terrorism --- Terror attacks --- Terrorist acts --- Terrorist attacks --- World terrorism --- Direct action --- Subversive activities --- Political violence --- Terror --- Circum-Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Area --- Mediterranean countries --- Mediterranean Sea Region

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"1918" bezeichnet mehr als das Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs. Der Jahresbezug begründet häufig auch bildungsgeschichtliche Narrative. Hingegen fragt der Band nach Gleichzeitigkeiten von Zäsuren und Tradierungen, Brüchen und Kontinuitäten in regionalen, nationalen, europäischen und globalen Perspektiven. Er untersucht vielfältige Paradoxien vermeintlich alter und neuer pädagogischer Kulturen und Praktiken ebenso wie Ambivalenzen der Jugend zwischen Aufbegehren und Anknüpfung an Bildungsideale. Auch die Infragestellung von Schule und Pädagogik, ihre Relegitimierung sowie die Verflechtung von Sozialdemokratie und Sozialismus mit Bildungsreformen und -traditionen werden fokussiert. Damit zielt der Band auf den vielfach beschriebenen «Kampf der Ideologien» in der Zwischenkriegszeit und auf die Zirkulation konkurrierender Wissen, sodass er bildungshistorisch die komplexe Offenheit von 1918 diskutiert.

Erziehung --- Zwischenkriegszeit --- "Historische Bildungsforschung" --- 1918 --- "Kampf der Ideologien" --- Erster Weltkrieg --- Tagungsband --- DGfE --- Historische Bildungsforschung --- Bildungsgeschichte --- Geschichte --- Schule --- Jugend --- Schülermitwirkung --- Lehrerseminar --- Mitbestimmung --- Reformpädagogik --- Jugendbewegung --- Kritik --- Schülerbewegung --- Aufstand --- Elternmitwirkung --- Nachkriegsgeschichte --- Weltkrieg I --- Schülerorganisation --- Kollektives Gedächtnis --- Turnverein --- Körpererziehung --- Männlichkeit --- Patriotismus --- Persönlichkeitsbildung --- Körperkultur --- Leitbild --- Körperbild --- Geschlecht --- Geschlechtsspezifische Sozialisation --- Geschlechtergeschichte --- Turnen --- Jugendkultur --- Orientalistik --- Interesse --- Indienbild --- Rezeption --- Lehrerfortbildung --- Organisation --- Politische Kultur --- Volksschule --- Selbstwahrnehmung --- Bildungspolitik --- Praxeologie --- Lehrer --- Neuorientierung --- Pädagogik --- Reform --- Gesellschaft --- Positivismus --- Evolutionismus --- Experimentelle Pädagogik --- Kinderpsychologie --- Steuerung --- Schulbuch --- Analyse --- Vergleich --- Evangelischer Religionsunterricht --- Religionsunterricht --- Schulbuchforschung --- Lebenskunde --- Mittelschule --- Lehrmittel --- Lehrplan --- Lehrplanvergleich --- Curriculum --- Kirche-Staat-Beziehung --- Schulsystem --- Sozialdemokrat --- Schriftsteller --- Sozialist --- Pädagoge --- Historische Persönlichkeit --- Pädagogisierung --- Biografie --- Autobiografie --- Linke --- Bildung --- Arbeiterbildung --- Arbeiterbewegung --- Arbeiterklasse --- Sozialistische Bildung --- Außerschulischer Lernort --- Erwachsenenbildung --- Politisches Programm --- Erziehungsprogramm --- Sozialdemokratie --- Schulreform --- Bildungsreform --- Sozialismus --- Sozialgeschichte --- Kulturgeschichte --- Bildungszugang --- Schulgemeinde --- Quellenkritik --- Historische Quelle --- Tagore --- Rabindranath --- Thorndike --- Edward L. --- Dewey --- John --- Traber --- Alfred --- Glöckel --- Otto --- Bernfeld --- Siegfried --- 20. Jahrhundert --- Zürich --- Schweiz --- Deutschland --- Indien --- Deutschland --- Tschechische Republik --- Tschechoslowakei --- USA --- Weimarer Republik --- Preußen --- Preußische Reform --- Deutsches Reich --- Wien --- Österreich --- History of education --- History of educational activities --- History --- School --- Adolescence --- Youth --- Pupil Participation --- Teachers' training college --- Codetermination --- Progressive Education --- Progressive education --- Reform pedagogics --- Youth movement --- Criticism --- Revolt --- Parent participation --- Post-war period --- Peace time --- World War I --- Student organizations --- Physical education --- Masculinity --- Patriotism --- Personality development --- Ideal (model) --- Body image --- Sex --- Gender-specific socialization --- Gymnastics --- Youth culture --- Reception --- Further education for teachers --- Further education of teachers --- Further training for teachers --- Organization --- Political culture --- Elementary School --- General compulsory school --- Primary school --- Self-perception --- Educational policy --- Teacher --- Pedagogics --- Sciences of education --- Society --- Positivism --- Experimental education --- Experimental pedagogics --- Experimental teaching --- Child psychology --- Children's hospital --- Text book --- Textbook --- Religious instruction --- Teaching of religion --- Textbook research --- Intermediate school --- Educational Materials --- Teaching aids --- Training aid --- Education --- State church separation --- School system --- Pedagogue --- Biographies --- Autobiographies --- Education of workers --- Workers' education --- Labor movement --- Working Class --- Adult education --- Adult training --- Political program --- Social democracy --- School reform --- Educational reform --- Socialism --- Social history --- Cultural history --- Access to Education --- School community --- Zurich --- Switzerland --- Germany --- India --- Czech Republic --- Czechoslovakia --- Weimar Republic --- Weimar Republic (Germany --- 1918-33) --- German Reich --- Vienna --- Austria