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Defining the true meaning of the acronym FRAND reminds of the parable of two political parties arguing before the elections: who is right and who is wrong, although they both know that there is no such thing as one truth and most utterly it depends on the individual perspective. Given the very substantial legal and business concerns involved within the telecommunication standardization environment, the conflicts what FRAND terms and conditions means seem to be unavoidable.

Patent licenses --- Patent suits --- Antitrust law --- Global system for mobile communications --- Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community --- Fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory terms --- GSM communications --- Cell phone systems --- Context-aware computing --- Patent litigation --- Patent laws and legislation --- Licenses (Patents) --- Patents --- Foreign licensing agreements --- License agreements --- Patent assignments --- Licenses --- Markenrecht --- Urheberrecht / Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Medienrecht --- Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz

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Can the open source approach do for biotechnology what it has done for information technology? Hope's book is the first sustained and systematic inquiry into the application of open source principles to the life sciences. Traversing disciplinary boundaries, she presents a careful analysis of intellectual property-related challenges confronting the biotechnology industry and then paints a detailed picture of "open source biotechnology" as a possible solution.

Biotechnology --- Technological innovations --- Patent licenses. --- Patents. --- Economic aspects. --- Licenses (Patents) --- Patents --- Breakthroughs, Technological --- Innovations, Industrial --- Innovations, Technological --- Technical innovations --- Technological breakthroughs --- Technological change --- Licenses --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Foreign licensing agreements --- License agreements --- Patent assignments --- Patent laws and legislation --- Creative ability in technology --- Inventions --- Domestication of technology --- Innovation relay centers --- Research, Industrial --- Technology transfer --- Biopiracy --- Biotechnology - Patents. --- Technological innovations - Patents. --- Biotechnology - Economic aspects. --- Technological innovations - Economic aspects.

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"Das Urheberrecht verhindert ein Marktversagen, indem es immaterielle Güter ausschließlich und damit marktfähig macht. Die Ausschließlichkeit hat aber eine Kehrseite: Verbietet der Rechtsinhaber Nutzungen, ohne sie (auf eine bestimmte Art) selbst vorzunehmen, liegen vergriffene Werke brach, werden Innovationen behindert und wissenschaftliche Zeitschriften prohibitiv verteuert. Abhilfe könnte die urheberrechtliche Zwangslizenz schaffen. Die im Urheberrechtsgesetz geregelte besondere Art des Kontrahierungszwangs – der Rechtsinhaber muss eine Lizenz erteilen, kann aber die Lizenzbedingungen verhandeln – führt in Literatur und Gesetzgebung ein Schattendasein. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, diese Lücke zu schließen. Zunächst wird rechtsvergleichend und ausgerichtet am Ziel "normativer Effizienz" geklärt, ob und in welchen Fällen eine urheberrechtliche Zwangslizenz geregelt werden sollte. Anschließend wird untersucht, wie sie effektiv und mit höherrangigem Recht vereinbar ausgestaltet werden könnte."--Verl.

Patent licenses --- Compulsory licensing of patents --- Patent laws and legislation --- Patents and government-developed inventions --- Licenses (Patents) --- Patents --- Foreign licensing agreements --- License agreements --- Patent assignments --- Law and legislation --- Licenses --- Droit d'auteur --- copyright --- Licences obligatoires --- Licences de brevets --- patents licence --- Thèses --- thesis --- Germany --- Allemagne RF --- Германија --- Германия --- Duitsland --- Tyskland --- Deutschland --- Γερμανία --- Nemčija --- Njemačka --- Germania --- Allemagne --- An Ghearmáin --- Nemecko --- Niemcy --- Saksa --- Vokietija --- Németország --- il-Ġermanja --- Vācija --- Saksamaa --- Alemanha --- Alemania --- Německo --- Gjermania --- Немачка --- spolkové Německo --- Сојузна Република Германија --- Federal Republic of Germany --- West-Duitsland --- Vācijas Federatīvā Republika --- Alemanha do Oeste --- Bondsrepubliek Duitsland --- RFA --- Germania ovest --- NSR --- Germania federale --- RFT --- Alemanha Ocidental --- Västtyskland --- ir-Repubblika Federali tal-Ġermanja --- Repubblica federale di Germania --- RFN --- BR Deutschland --- Vakarų Vokietija --- Germania occidentale --- Németországi Szövetségi Köztársaság --- Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland --- SRN --- Saksamaa Liitvabariik --- západní Německo --- Repubblica federale tedesca --- Alemania Federal --- Ομοσπονδιακή Δημοκρατία της Γερμανίας --- Alemania Occidental --- Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland --- Alemanha RF --- ФРГ --- Republika Federalna Niemiec --- Савезна Република Немачка --- Gjermania Perëndimore --- Saksan liittotasavalta --- German Federal Republic --- Savezna Republika Njemačka --- Vokietijos Federacinė Respublika --- СРН --- PCG --- ΟΔΓ --- SLV --- Alemanha Federal --- Западна Немачка --- Länsi-Saksa --- Spolková republika Nemecko --- FRG --- Duitse Bondsrepubliek --- NSZK --- Westdeutschland --- República Federal de Alemania --- Nemecká spolková republika --- Allemagne de l'Ouest --- Poblacht Chónaidhme na Gearmáine --- Lääne-Saksamaa --- die Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Δυτική Γερμανία --- Alemania RF --- Allemagne fédérale --- Γερμανία ΟΔ --- Německá spolková republika --- VFR --- RFGJ --- República Federal da Alemanha --- západné Nemecko --- West Germany --- Vesttyskland --- Republica Federală Germania --- Федерална република Германия --- Zvezna republika Nemčija --- Západní Berlín --- BRD --- République fédérale d'Allemagne --- Ομοσπονδιακή Γερμανία --- Spolková republika Německo --- Republika Federale e Gjermanisë --- teżi --- avhandling --- διατριβή --- Hochschulschrift --- väitöskirja --- kandidátská práce --- tese --- disertacija --- proefschrift --- afhandling --- дисертация --- dysertacja --- tesi --- teză --- tesis --- szakdolgozat --- temë shkencore --- diplomska naloga --- diplomski (magistarski, doktorski) rad --- väitekiri --- kandidátska práca --- теза --- дисертација --- thèse --- tēze --- értekezés --- dissertation --- дипломска работа --- disertační práce --- disertace --- докторска дисертација --- магистерска теза --- diplomamunka --- Habilitationsschrift --- teza --- diplomová práce --- magisterij --- doktorská práce --- disszertáció --- rigorózní práce --- Dissertation --- doktorsavhandling --- doktori értekezés --- disputats --- habilitační práce --- doktorat --- Doktorarbeit --- szabadalmi engedély --- patentna dozvola --- patentová licencia --- patento licencija --- patendilitsents --- licence de brevet --- дозвола за патент --- patentlicens --- патентна дозвола --- licentie --- patenttilisenssi --- άδεια εκμετάλλευσης διπλώματος ευρεσιτεχνίας --- licença de patente --- liċenza tal-privattivi --- licență pentru brevet --- licencia de patente --- licensë e patentave --- patentová licence --- licenca patenta --- Patentlizenz --- патентна лицензия --- patentlicence --- licenza di brevetto --- licencja patentowa --- līgumiska licencēšana --- használati szerződés --- licență de exploatare --- licenza di sfruttamento commerciale --- povolení k těžbě --- licencia v rámci patentu --- exploitatievergunning --- lepinguline litsents --- licence uz patenta pamata --- licenční smlouva --- patentrechtlicher Lizenzvertrag --- licença de exploração --- contrato de licença --- licens --- regulamentação das patentes --- licensim kontraktual --- licencë sipas patentës --- licentiecontract --- concesión de patente --- zmluvné licencovanie --- contratto di licenza --- szabadalmilicencia-szerződés --- contract de licență --- licencijavimas pagal patentą --- licence under patent --- licencia de explotación --- licensavtal --- contrato de licencia --- lisensointi sopimuksella --- contractual licensing --- Patentnutzungsrecht --- sutartinis licencijavimas --- σύμβαση αδείας εκμετάλλευσης --- provozní licence --- priznanje patenta --- contrat de licence --- patentin lisensöinti --- licence d'exploitation --- drittijiet tal-awtur --- autorské práva --- droit d'auteur --- e drejtë autori --- szerzői jog --- prawo autorskie --- auteursrecht --- autoriaus teisė --- cóipcheart --- δικαίωμα πνευματικής ιδιοκτησίας --- autoriõigus --- autorsko pravo --- drept de autor --- авторско право --- autorské právo --- Urheberrecht --- tekijänoikeus --- diritto d'autore --- upphovsrätt --- direito de autor --- derechos de autor --- forfatterret --- ауторско право --- autortiesības --- avtorska pravica --- јавно прикажување --- aanspraak --- diritto di copia --- droits voisins --- репродукција --- blakustiesības --- јавно изведување --- Copyright --- disciplina sul diritto d'autore --- радиодифузно емитување --- συγγραφικό δικαίωμα --- изнајмување --- јавно пренесување --- direito moral --- derecho de autor --- autorský zákon --- tilgrænsende rettigheder --- gretutinė teisė --- droit moral --- дистрибуција --- diritto di riproduzione --- tutela delle opere d'ingegno --- upphovsrätten närstående rättigheter --- Urheberrechtsschutz --- diritto dell'ideatore --- accessory right --- drepturi colaterale --- evasione dei diritti d'autore --- diritto morale --- πνευματικά δικαιώματα --- derecho moral del autor --- јавно изложување --- prístupové práva --- diritto d'inventore --- преработување --- ophavsret --- e drejtë dytësore --- издавање --- diritto patrimoniale d'autore --- право на умножување --- tráchtas --- ceadúnas paitinne --- urheberrechtliche Zwangslizenz --- compulsory licence --- Lizenz --- Weber --- Geistiges Eigentum --- Zwangslizenz --- Kontrahierungszwang --- licence obligatoire --- Kommunikationsrecht --- Compulsory licensing of patents. --- copyright. --- patents licence. --- thesis. --- Germany.