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These original essays by major scholars of judicial behavior explore the frequency, intensity, and especially the causes of conflict and consensus among judges on American appellate courts. Together, these studies provide new insights into judges' attitudes and values, role perceptions, and small group interactions.

Appellate courts --- Judicial process

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Courts of Appeals were designed to be a unifying force in American law and politics, but they also contribute to decentralization and regionalization of federal law. Woodford Howard studies three aspects of this problem: first, what binds the highly decentralized federal courts into a judicial system; second, what controls the discretion of judges in making law and policy; and third, how can quality judicial decisions be maintained under heavy-volume pressure.Originally published in 1981.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Judicial process --- Appellate courts --- United States.

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The book, first published in 2002, examines circuit court decision making on issues not clearly covered by existing precedents. Its central questions are to what extent circuit judges' choices to adopt legal rules are influenced by the actions of other circuit judges and whether judges attempt to decide legal issues as they think the Supreme Court would in their place. Evidence comes from quantitative analyses of several hundred cases and from interviews with two dozen circuit court judges. The evidence indicates that judges give attention to the work of colleagues on their own court and other circuits and that the actions, prestige, and expertise of these colleagues are important. On the other hand, while Supreme Court precedents factor heavily in the circuit judges' decisions, expectations as to how the Supreme Court might decide appear to have little effect on their actions. These findings suggest that legal and policy goals influence judges' decision-making.

Appellate courts --- Judicial process --- Federal courts --- Social Sciences --- Political Science

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This multifaceted approach yields a level of insight beyond that provided by any previous work on appellate courts in the United States, making The View from the Bench and Chambers the most comprehensive and rich account of the operation of these courts to date.

Judicial process --- Appellate courts --- Federal courts of appeal

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Im Oktober 1863 hat - noch vor der Gründung des Deutschen Reichs - mit dem Badischen Verwaltungsgerichtshof in Karlsruhe das erste Verwaltungsgericht in Deutschland seine Arbeit aufgenommen, alsbald gefolgt von den anderen deutschen Ländern. Dies gibt Anlass, sich mit der Geschichte der Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit in Deutschland während der letzten 150 Jahre zu befassen, beginnend mit ihrer damaligen Struktur und Zuständigkeit, mit Beispielen früher Rechtsprechung des PreußOVG, der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus bis zur Struktur der Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Bundesrepublik. Die Rechtsprechung als Spiegel der Zeitgeschichte wird ebenso dargestellt wie die Herausforderungen nach der Wiedervereinigung und Fragestellungen der neueren Zeit, etwa die nach der Schaffung eines einheitlichen Fachgerichts. Der Beitrag basiert auf einem Vortrag, den der ehemalige Präsident des Bundesverwaltungsgerichts aus Anlass des Jubiläums im Oberverwaltungsgericht Berlin - Brandenburg, dem ursprünglichen Gebäude des PreußOVG gehalten hat.

Appellate courts --- Courts of appeals --- Supreme courts --- Courts --- Appellate procedure --- Courts of last resort --- Administrative justice.