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In the turbulent years after World War I, a transpacific community of American and Chinese writers and artists emerged to forge new ideas regarding aesthetics, democracy, internationalism, and the political possibilities of art. Breaking with preconceived notions of an "exotic" East, the Americans found in China and in the works of Chinese intellectuals inspiration for leftist and civil rights movements. Chinese writers and intellectuals looked to the American tradition of political democracy to inform an emerging Chinese liberalism. This interaction reflected an unprecedented integration of American and Chinese cultures and a remarkable synthesis of shared ideals and political goals.The transpacific community that came together during this time took advantage of new advances in technology and media, such as the telegraph and radio, to accelerate the exchange of ideas. It created a fast-paced, cross-cultural dialogue that transformed the terms by which the United States and China—or, more broadly, "West" and "East"—knew each other. Transpacific Community follows the left-wing journalist Agnes Smedley's campaign to free the author Ding Ling from prison; Pearl Buck's attempt to fuse Jeffersonian democracy with late Qing visions of equality in The Good Earth; Paul Robeson's collaboration with the musician Liu Liangmo, which drew on Chinese and African American traditions; and the writer Lin Yutang's attempt to create a typewriter for Chinese characters. Together, these individuals produced political projects that synthesized American and Chinese visions of equality and democracy and imagined a new course for East-West relations.

American literature --- Chinese literature --- Comparative literature --- English literature --- Agrarians (Group of writers) --- Literature, Comparative --- Philology --- History and criticism. --- American and Chinese. --- Chinese and American. --- Chinese influences. --- American influences. --- History and criticism --- United States --- China --- Relations

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L’ouvrage présente un panorama des particules élémentaires à interactions fortes, comme le proton et le neutron, constituants du noyau, le pion qui assure leur liaison, et toutes leurs excitations. Le modèle des quarks est exposé en détail. Il propose une description unifiée de tous ces hadrons et s’étend aux particules avec étrangeté, charme ou beauté.

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Few forms of market exchange intrigue economists as do auctions, whose theoretical and practical implications are enormous. John Kagel and Dan Levin, complementing their own distinguished research with papers written with other specialists, provide a new focus on common value auctions and the "winner's curse." In such auctions the value of each item is about the same to all bidders, but different bidders have different information about the underlying value. Virtually all auctions have a common value element; among the burgeoning modern-day examples are those organized by Internet companies such as eBay. Winners end up cursing when they realize that they won because their estimates were overly optimistic, which led them to bid too much and lose money as a result. The authors first unveil a fresh survey of experimental data on the winner's curse. Melding theory with the econometric analysis of field data, they assess the design of government auctions, such as the spectrum rights (air wave) auctions that continue to be conducted around the world. The remaining chapters gauge the impact on sellers' revenue of the type of auction used and of inside information, show how bidders learn to avoid the winner's curse, and present comparisons of sophisticated bidders with college sophomores, the usual guinea pigs used in laboratory experiments. Appendixes refine theoretical arguments and, in some cases, present entirely new data. This book is an invaluable, impeccably up-to-date resource on how auctions work--and how to make them work.

Auctions --- Paradoxes --- Value --- 381.17 --- Standard of value --- Cost --- Economics --- Exchange --- Wealth --- Prices --- Supply and demand --- Dutch auctions --- Vendues --- Bailments --- Commercial law --- Auctions. --- Paradoxes. --- Value. --- E-books

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Passé l’élan victorieux de la première croisade, les Latins se heurtent en Orient à des difficultés toujours plus grandes. La perte de Jérusalem, conquise par Saladin en 1187, puis celle d’Acre, qui tombe en 1291, puis encore l’irrésistible avancée ottomane et la chute de Constantinople, en 1453, suscitent la rédaction de nombreux projets de croisade : devant l’accumulation des échecs, il apparaît désormais évident que l’organisation de nouvelles expéditions nécessite un effort de prévision et de gestion des moyens afin de mettre toutes les chances du côté des puissances chrétiennes. Parfois, c’est un prince ou le pape qui commande un rapport ; plus souvent, les auteurs de ces projets de croisade agissent spontanément, parce qu’ils sont sincèrement préoccupés par le sort de la chrétienté ou pour faire progresser leur carrière en attirant l’attention d’un puissant. D’une façon ou d’une autre, ces textes illustrent le développement d’une pensée prospective qui, sans écarter les références aux Écritures et aux prophéties, se caractérise par sa visée pratique : il s’agit d’évaluer les forces et les faiblesses de l’adversaire, d’élaborer une stratégie et des tactiques de conquête, de susciter une coalition des forces chrétiennes et de trouver les moyens financiers, matériels et humains du succès. Parce qu’ils n’ont, pour la plupart, jamais été suivis d’effets, ces textes ont été longtemps négligés par les historiens. Le présent volume participe d’un regain d’intérêt pour une source susceptible de beaucoup nous apprendre, en particulier sur les visions géostratégiques dominantes à la fin du Moyen Âge et sur l’évolution des rapports de force entre les puissances européennes.

History --- croisade --- stratégie --- diplomatie

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Les soixante-six études rassemblées dans ces deux volumes veulent té­moigner de la vitalité et du profond renouvellement de l'histoire médiévale politique et religieuse. Elles sont offertes par ses collègues français et étrangers à Marcel Pacaut, qui en fut un des plus actifs représentants du­rant plus de trente ans d'enseignement à l'Université de Lyon. Le volume I : Le pouvoir et l'institution ecclésiale, aborde deux thèmes essentiels : - La papauté médiévale - dont l'histoire ne peut plus se concevoir simplement comme celle de la succession des papes - et les relations de l'Église et de l'État. - Le monachisme médiéval, dans son unité et sa diversité, au carrefour du ciel et de la terre, et dont l'empreinte sur la civilisation occidentale demeure toujours présente.

Christian religious orders --- Church government --- anno 500-1499 --- Christian church history --- Church history --- Monasticism and religious orders --- Monasteries --- Papacy --- Political science --- Eglise --- Monachisme et ordres religieux --- Monastères --- Papauté --- Science politique --- History --- History. --- Histoire --- Pacaut, Marcel. --- 27 "04/14" --- -Monasteries --- -Papacy --- -Political science --- -Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Holy See --- See, Holy --- Popes --- Cloisters (Religious communities) --- Friaries --- Church property --- Religious institutions --- Scriptoria --- Christianity --- Ecclesiastical history --- History, Church --- History, Ecclesiastical --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Middeleeuwen --- -Kerkgeschiedenis--Middeleeuwen --- Burgundy --- Monastères --- Papauté --- -Cloisters (Religious communities) --- Administration --- Church history - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Papacy - History --- Monasteries - Europe - History --- Political science - Europe - History --- Pacaut, Marcel --- Religion --- papauté --- pape --- Église --- paroisse --- moine --- monachisme --- ordre religieux --- clergé --- diocèse --- -History --- ROIS ET SOUVERAINS --- ALEXANDRE III, PAPE (ROLANDO BANDINELLI), 1159-1181 --- GREGOIRE IER LE GRAND (SAINT), PAPE, 540?-604 --- ITALIE --- SAVOIE (FRANCE) --- CHARLES VII (ROI DE FRANCE, 1403-1461) --- VINCENT (DE BEAUVAIS),1190-1264 --- EGLISE CATHOLIQUE --- THEODULF (821), --- CONCILE DE PISE (1409) --- FRANCE --- COEUR (JACQUES, 1395-1456) --- PAPAUTE --- MOYEN AGE --- SOURCES --- CORRESPONDANCE --- HISTOIRE --- 10E-14E SIECLES --- 12E-15E SIECLES --- BIOGRAPHIE --- CRITIQUE ET INTERPRETATION --- 11E-15E SIECLES --- HISTOIRE RELIGIEUSE --- 14E-15E SIECLES --- 11E-20E SIECLES --- CIVILISATION MEDIEVALE --- 11-15E SIECLES --- MONACHISME ET ORDRES RELIGIEUX --- 11E-13E SIECLES --- MOYEN-AGE --- Histoire religieuse