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L'emploi du syntagme "voix ethnique" présuppose que les rapports entre langue, ethnie et pouvoir ont été envisagés et analysés. Bien souvent, pourtant, le discours "ethnique" se contente, sans questionner ces rapports, de réutiliser des éléments de l'idéologie dominante ou de "bricoler" des concepts parcellaires au gré des besoins de l'argumentation.

Ethnic Studies --- Language & Linguistics (General) --- voix ethnique --- pouvoir --- argumentation --- langue

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La curiosité et le désir de cerner les spécificités d'un genre que les Afro-Américains se sont approprié à l'aube du 20e siècle, telles sont les intentions de recherche animant le présent volume. Beaucoup lu par tous les publics (Chester Himes connut d'abord le succès en France), le polar afro-américain reste relativement peu étudié en dépit d'une production très abondante et diverse depuis les années soixante. Diverse parce qu'elle a essaimé hors de la côte Est, et parce que les romancières sont venues l'enrichir. Le vécu racial, comme nous le disent BarbaraNeely, Paula Woods et Gar Haywood est au cœur de ce genre populaire : la mémoire noire, les lieux noirs et les environnements humains qui construisent l'être - d'où une incursion en Caraïbe francophone. Curiosity and the desire to grasp the specificity of an abundantly read African American genre born as the 20th century was beginning are the research intentions that inspire this volume. Indeed, only recently has African-American detective fiction drawn the attention of scholars in spite of its very diverse blossoming since the 1960s. Diverse, because it has moved out of its birth place, East coast cities, and because female novelists have contributed their own production. At the heart of this popular genre, as novelists BarbaraNeely, Paula Woods and Gar Haywood tell us, is black existence: black memory, black living places and the human environments that build the individual - hence a détour to the French Caribbean.

Literature (General) --- roman --- roman américain --- roman policier américain --- auteur --- auteur noir américain --- author --- African American author --- novel --- American author --- American thriller

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Les écrivains afro-américains participent volontiers à des colloques consacrés à leur œuvre en Europe, au motif que les chercheurs de ce côté de l'Atlantique s'intéressent à des aspects textuels fréquemment laissés de côté par les lecteurs étasuniens. Les essais rassemblés dans le présent volume découlent d'une réunion soutenue par le Conseil Scientifique de l'Université de Tours. D'autres essais furent sollicités par la suite afin que le présent volume soit, autant que faire se pouvait, à jour des nouvelles publications de l'auteur. Nous remercions Percival Everett de sa précieuse collaboration lors des débats, et de la longue interview qu'il nous a autorisés à transcrire ici. African-American writers willingly attend European symposiums dealing with their work because scholars here focus on textual aspects American readers frequently leave aside. The essays collected here arose on the occasion of such a symposium sponsored by the Conseil Scientifique de l'Université François-Rabelais de Tours. Other essays were commissioned later in order to make the collection as complete as possible when new books came out. We wish to thank Percival Everett for his enlightening collaboration during the debates, as well as for the long interview he has allowed us to transcribe here.

Literary Theory & Criticism --- Literature American --- Percival Everett --- littérature de langue anglaise --- littérature --- États-Unis --- United States --- literature --- English literature

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The place of the child and childhood in our culture and his/her legal status is a subject which touches a sensitive nerve and triggers passionate responses just as much at the start of the 21st century as it did two hundred years ago. Curious then to note that the academic study of childhood had long been neglected by social historians while its literature, with a few notable exceptions, had too often been relegated to a minor category when not simply dismissed as "pulp fiction". Over the last two decades or so pioneering research has begun to redress this balance and paved the way towards a reappraisal of the child and childhood as a valid field of study. At the same time, by highlighting the areas which still require exploration, it has underlined the distance we still have to cover in order to achieve a balanced integration of both the child and childhood into the social and cultural "story" of our past. It is hoped that the papers published here will, in their own modest way, contribute to this ongoing process of replacing the child inside a culture which proudly claims to have created the golden age of childhood.

Literature (General) --- littérature --- enfance --- childhood --- literature