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Piezoelectric ceramics. --- Ceramics --- Piezoelectricity

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This book reviews a big window of opportunity for piezoelectric ceramics, such as new materials, material combinations, structures, damages and porosity effects. In addition, applications of sensors, actuators, transducers for ultrasonic imaging, positioning systems, energy harvesting, biomedical and microelectronic devices are described. The book consists of fourteen chapters. The genetic algorithm is used for identification of RLC parameters in the equivalent electrical circuit of piezoelectric transducers. Concept and development perspectives for piezoelectric energy harvesting are described. The characterization of principal properties and advantages of a novel device called ceramic-controlled piezoelectric with a Pt wire implant is included. Bio-compatibility studies between piezoelectric ceramic material and biological cell suspension are exposed. Thus, piezoelectric ceramics have been a very favorable solution as a consequence of its high energy density and the variety of fabrication techniques to obtain bulk or thin films devices. Finally, the readers will perceive a trend analysis and examine recent developments in different fields of applications of piezoelectric ceramics.

Piezoelectric ceramics. --- Ceramics --- Piezoelectricity --- Ceramics & glass technology

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This book presents the latest and complete information about various types of piezosensors. A sensor is a converter of the measured physical size to an electric signal. Piezoelectric transducers and sensors are based on piezoelectric effects. They have proven to be versatile tools for the measurement of various processes. They are used for quality assurance, process control and for research and development in many different industries. In each area of application specific requirements to the parameters of transducers and sensors are developed. The book presents the fundamentals, technical design and details and practical applications. Methods to design piezosensors are described, allowing to create sensors with unique properties. New methods to measure physical sizes and new constructions of sensors including large area of piezosensors are described in this book. This book is written for specialists in transforming hydroacoustics, non-destructive control, measuring technique, sensors development for automatic control and also for graduate students.

Piezoelectric ceramics --- Detectors --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electrical Engineering --- Bioengineering --- Piezoelectric ceramics. --- Detectors. --- Sensors --- Chemistry. --- Biotechnology. --- Physics. --- Nanotechnology. --- Microengineering. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Methods. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Applied and Technical Physics. --- Engineering instruments --- Physical instruments --- Ceramics --- Piezoelectricity --- Microreactors. --- Engineering. --- Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Materials. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Micro-chemical engineering --- Microchannel reactors --- Microfabricated reactors --- Microreaction technology --- Mini-scale reactors --- Nano-scale reactors --- Chemical reactors --- Ceramics. --- Glass. --- Composites (Materials). --- Composite materials. --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Composites (Materials) --- Multiphase materials --- Reinforced solids --- Solids, Reinforced --- Two phase materials --- Materials --- Amorphous substances --- Glazing --- Ceramic technology --- Industrial ceramics --- Keramics --- Building materials --- Chemistry, Technical --- Clay --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering

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Ecological restrictions in many parts of the world are demanding the elimination of Pb from all consumer items. At this moment in the piezoelectric ceramics industry, there is no issue of more importance than the transition to lead-free materials. The goal of Lead-Free Piezoelectrics is to provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and developments in the field of lead-free materials and products to leading researchers in the world. The text presents chapters on demonstrated applications of the lead-free materials, which will allow readers to conceptualize the present possibilities and will be useful for both students and professionals conducting research on ferroelectrics, piezoelectrics, smart materials, lead-free materials, and a variety of applications including sensors, actuators, ultrasonic transducers and energy harvesters.

Piezoelectric devices. --- Piezoelectric materials. --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electrical Engineering --- Piezoelectricity. --- Piezoelectric ceramics. --- Piezo-electricity --- Piezoelectric effect --- Pyro- and piezo-electricity --- Engineering. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Electronic circuits. --- Materials science. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Materials Science, general. --- Ceramics --- Piezoelectricity --- Crystallography --- Electricity --- Pyroelectricity --- Systems engineering. --- Materials. --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Materials --- Design and construction --- Material science --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment

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Using the nanometric resolution of atomic force microscopy techniques, this work explores the rich fundamental physics and novel functionalities of domain walls in ferroelectric materials, the nanoscale interfaces separating regions of differently oriented spontaneous polarization. Due to the local symmetry-breaking caused by the change in polarization, domain walls are found to possess an unexpected lateral piezoelectric response, even when this is symmetry-forbidden in the parent material. This has interesting potential applications in electromechanical devices based on ferroelectric domain patterning. Moreover, electrical conduction is shown to arise at domain walls in otherwise insulating lead zirconate titanate, the first such observation outside of multiferroic bismuth ferrite, due to the tendency of the walls to localize defects. The role of defects is then explored in the theoretical framework of disordered elastic interfaces possessing a characteristic roughness scaling and complex dynamic response. It is shown that the heterogeneous disorder landscape in ferroelectric thin films leads to a breakdown of the usual self-affine roughness, possibly related to strong pinning at individual defects. Finally, the roles of varying environmental conditions and defect densities in domain switching are explored, and shown to be adequately modelled as a competition between screening effects and pinning.

Domain structure. --- Lead zirconate titanate. --- Ferroelectric crystals. --- Ferroelectric thin films. --- Atomic force microscopy. --- Domain configuration --- Ferromagnetic domain --- Magnetic domain --- Crystals --- Ferroelectricity --- Ferromagnetism --- Magnetic bubbles --- AFM (Microscopy) --- Scanning probe microscopy --- Thin films --- Ferroelectrics --- Lead titanate zirconate --- Lead titanium zirconium oxide --- Lead zirconium titanate --- Plumbum zirconate-titanate --- PZT (Piezoelectric ceramics) --- Lead compounds --- Oxides --- Piezoelectric ceramics --- Titanium compounds --- Zirconates --- Optical materials. --- Nanotechnology. --- Surface and Interface Science, Thin Films. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Optics --- Materials --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Interfaces (Physical sciences). --- Thin films. --- Electronic materials. --- Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Electronic materials --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Qualitative --- Analytical chemistry --- Interfaces (Physical sciences) --- Electronics --- Spectrum analysis. --- Materials.