Listing 1 - 10 of 29 | << page >> |
Sort by
|
Choose an application
Nonmonotonic reasoning provides formal methods that enable intelligent systems to operate adequately when faced with incomplete or changing information. In particular, it provides rigorous mechanisms for taking back conclusions that, in the presence of new information, turn out to be wrong and for deriving new, alternative conclusions instead. Nonmonotonic reasoning methods provide rigor similar to that of classical reasoning; they form a base for validation and verification and therefore increase confidence in intelligent systems that work with incomplete and changing information. Following a brief introduction to the concepts of predicate logic that are needed in the subsequent chapters, this book presents an in depth treatment of default logic. Other subjects covered include the major approaches of autoepistemic logic and circumscription, belief revision and its relationship to nonmonotonic inference, and briefly, the stable and well-founded semantics of logic programs.
Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Reasoning --- COMPUTER SCIENCE/Artificial Intelligence
Choose an application
Logic programming --- Nonmonotonic reasoning --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Reasoning
Choose an application
One aspect of common sense reasoning is reasoning about normal cases, e.g. a physician will first try to interpret symptoms by a common disease, and will take more exotic possibilities only later into account. Such ""normality"" can be encoded, e.g. bya relation, where case A is considered more normal than case B. This gives a standard semantics or interpretation to nonmonotonic reasoning (a branch of common sense reasoning), or, more formally, to nonmonotonic logics. We consider in this book the repercussions such normality relations and similarconstructions have on the resulting nonm
Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Algebraic logic. --- Semantics --- Modality (Logic) --- Mathematical models. --- Modal logic --- Logic --- Nonclassical mathematical logic --- Bisimulation --- Mathematical linguistics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Reasoning
Choose an application
Building theories of organizations is challenging: theories are partial and "folk" categories are fuzzy. The commonly used tools--first-order logic and its foundational set theory--are ill-suited for handling these complications. Here, three leading authorities rethink organization theory. Logics of Organization Theory sets forth and applies a new language for theory building based on a nonmonotonic logic and fuzzy set theory. In doing so, not only does it mark a major advance in organizational theory, but it also draws lessons for theory building elsewhere in the social sciences. Organizational research typically analyzes organizations in categories such as "bank," "hospital," or "university." These categories have been treated as crisp analytical constructs designed by researchers. But sociologists increasingly view categories as constructed by audiences. This book builds on cognitive psychology and anthropology to develop an audience-based theory of organizational categories. It applies this framework and the new language of theory building to organizational ecology. It reconstructs and integrates four central theory fragments, and in so doing reveals unexpected connections and new insights.
Organizational sociology --- Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Categories (Philosophy) --- Predicaments (Categories) --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Logic --- Ontology --- Predicate (Logic) --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Reasoning --- Organization (Sociology) --- Organization theory --- Sociology of organizations --- Sociology --- Bureaucracy --- Methodology. --- Nonmonotonic reasoning --- Methodology --- E-books
Choose an application
"The first book that provides a systematic and rigorous logical theory of causality"--
Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Causation. --- Logistics. --- Military art and science --- Causality --- Cause and effect --- Effect and cause --- Final cause --- Beginning --- God --- Metaphysics --- Philosophy --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Teleology --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Reasoning --- COMPUTERS / Computer Science --- COMPUTERS / Intelligence (AI) & Semantics --- COMPUTERS / Artificial Intelligence / General
Choose an application
Fuzzy systems --- Fuzzy sets --- Ensembles flous --- Systèmes flous --- Fuzzy sets. --- Mathematics. --- Périodiques. --- aggregation operations --- non-additive uncertainty theory --- possibility theory --- linguistic modelling --- numerical modeling fuzzy rule-based systems --- category theory --- topology --- data fusion --- interpolative reasoning --- non-monotonic reasoning --- logic programming --- constraint-di --- Systems, Fuzzy --- Sets, Fuzzy --- System analysis --- Fuzzy logic --- Fuzzy mathematics --- Set theory
Choose an application
Choice (Psychology) --- Inference. --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Choice (Psychology). --- Inference --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Nonmonotonic reasoning --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Ampliative induction --- Induction, Ampliative --- Inference (Logic) --- Reasoning --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Psychology --- Logique mathématique --- Philosophie --- Artificial intelligence --- Logique --- Knowledge representation
Choose an application
This book by one of the world's foremost philosophers in the fields of epistemology and logic offers an account of suppositional reasoning relevant to practical deliberation, explanation, prediction and hypothesis testing. Suppositions made 'for the sake of argument' sometimes conflict with our beliefs, and when they do, some beliefs are rejected and others retained. Thanks to such belief contravention, adding content to a supposition can undermine conclusions reached without it. Subversion can also arise because suppositional reasoning is ampliative. These two types of nonmonotonic logic are the focus of this book. A detailed comparison of nonmonotonicity appropriate to both belief contravening and ampliative suppositional reasoning reveals important differences that have been overlooked.
Commonsense reasoning. --- Conditionals (Logic) --- Hypothesis. --- Induction (Logic) --- Inference. --- Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Conditionals (Logic). --- Induction (Logic). --- Commonsense reasoning --- Hypothesis --- Inference --- Nonmonotonic reasoning --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Reasoning --- Ampliative induction --- Induction, Ampliative --- Inference (Logic) --- Inductive logic --- Logic, Inductive --- Logic --- Assumption --- Supposition --- Science --- Conditional statements (Logic) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Common sense reasoning --- Methodology --- Induction (logique) --- Arts and Humanities --- Philosophy --- Philosophie --- Artificial intelligence --- Logique --- Knowledge representation
Choose an application
1. Introduction -- 2. Preference Logics -- 3. Nonmonotonic Inference Relations -- 4. Consistency-Based Logics -- 5. Abduction -- 6. Semantics of Programs with Negation -- 7. Nonmonotonicity in Logic Programming.
Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Mathematical logic --- Reasoning --- Logic. --- Raisonnement --- Logique --- Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- 681.3*I23 --- Deduction and theorem proving: answer/reason extraction; reasoning; resolution; metatheory; mathematical induction; logic programming (Artificial intelligence) --- 681.3*I23 Deduction and theorem proving: answer/reason extraction; reasoning; resolution; metatheory; mathematical induction; logic programming (Artificial intelligence) --- Logic --- Nonmonotonic reasoning --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Thought and thinking --- Methodology --- Artificial intelligence.
Choose an application
Belief revision theory and philosophy of science both aspire to shed light on the dynamics of knowledge – on how our view of the world changes (typically) in the light of new evidence. Yet these two areas of research have long seemed strangely detached from each other, as witnessed by the small number of cross-references and researchers working in both domains. One may speculate as to what has brought about this surprising, and perhaps unfortunate, state of affairs. One factor may be that while belief revision theory has traditionally been pursued in a bottom- up manner, focusing on the endeavors of single inquirers, philosophers of science, inspired by logical empiricism, have tended to be more interested in science as a multi-agent or agent-independent phenomenon.
Belief change. --- Science -- Philosophy. --- Science --- Belief change --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Philosophy & Religion --- Sciences - General --- Philosophy --- Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Conditionals (Logic) --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Formalization (Philosophy) --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Conditional statements (Logic) --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Philosophy. --- Logic. --- Philosophy and science. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Form (Philosophy) --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Logic --- Methodology --- Psychology --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Reasoning --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Thought and thinking --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Science and philosophy
Listing 1 - 10 of 29 | << page >> |
Sort by
|