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Book
Open-Source Electronics Platforms
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ISBN: 3038979732 3038979724 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Open-source electronics are becoming very popular, and are integrated with our daily educational and developmental activities. At present, the use open-source electronics for teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has become a global trend. Off-the-shelf embedded electronics such as Arduino- and Raspberry-compatible modules have been widely used for various applications, from do-it-yourself (DIY) to industrial projects. In addition to the growth of open-source software platforms, open-source electronics play an important role in narrowing the gap between prototyping and product development. Indeed, the technological and social impacts of open-source electronics in teaching, research, and innovation have been widely recognized.


Book
Application of Power Electronics Converters in Smart Grids and Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book focuses on the applications of Power Electronics Converters in smart grids and renewable energy systems. The topics covered include methods to CO2 emission control, schemes for electric vehicle charging, reliable renewable energy forecasting methods, and various power electronics converters. The converters include the quasi neutral point clamped inverter, MPPT algorithms, the bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the push–pull converter with a fuzzy logic controller.


Book
Photovoltaic and Wind Energy Conversion Systems
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy.


Book
Advanced Modeling, Control, and Optimization Methods in Power Hybrid Systems - 2021
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The climate changes that are becoming visible today are a challenge for the global research community. In this context, renewable energy sources, fuel cell systems and other energy generating sources must be optimally combined and connected to the grid system using advanced energy transaction methods. As this reprint presents the latest solutions in the implementation of fuel cell and renewable energy in mobile and stationary applications such as hybrid and microgrid power systems based on the Energy Internet, blockchain technology and smart contracts, we hope that they will be of interest to readers working in the related fields mentioned above.


Book
Control and Nonlinear Dynamics on Energy Conversion Systems
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3039211110 3039211102 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The ever-increasing need for higher efficiency, smaller size, and lower cost make the analysis, understanding, and design of energy conversion systems extremely important, interesting, and even imperative. One of the most neglected features in the study of such systems is the effect of the inherent nonlinearities on the stability of the system. Due to these nonlinearities, these devices may exhibit undesirable and complex dynamics, which are the focus of many researchers. Even though a lot of research has taken place in this area during the last 20 years, it is still an active research topic for mainstream power engineers. This research has demonstrated that these systems can become unstable with a direct result in increased losses, extra subharmonics, and even uncontrollability/unobservability. The detailed study of these systems can help in the design of smaller, lighter, and less expensive converters that are particularly important in emerging areas of research like electric vehicles, smart grids, renewable energy sources, and others. The aim of this Special Issue is to cover control and nonlinear aspects of instabilities in different energy conversion systems: theoretical, analysis modelling, and practical solutions for such emerging applications. In this Special Issue, we present novel research works in different areas of the control and nonlinear dynamics of energy conversion systems.

Keywords

multi-clearance --- neural network --- zero average dynamics --- Cable3D --- variable bus voltage MG --- explosion-magnetic generator --- quadratic boost --- matrix norm --- coordinated control system --- permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) --- photovoltaic (PV) --- power conversion --- capacitance current pulse train control --- air gap eccentricity --- high step-up voltage gain --- voltage ripple --- offset-free --- goal representation heuristic dynamic programming (GrHDP) --- current mode control --- sliding mode observer (SMO) --- multi-model predictive control --- combined heat and power unit --- discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) --- current-pulse formation --- sliding mode control --- single artificial neuron goal representation heuristic dynamic programming (SAN-GrHDP) --- subharmonic oscillations --- DC micro grid --- supply air temperature --- air-handling unit (AHU) --- vibration characteristics --- magnetic saturation --- slope compensation --- fixed-point inducting control --- the load of suspension point in the z direction --- variable switching frequency DC-DC converters --- droop control --- Helmholtz number --- plasma accelerator --- contraction analysis --- sliding control --- bifurcations in control parameter --- disturbance observer --- DC motor --- multiphysics --- virtual impedance --- pulverizing system --- ultrahigh voltage conversion ratio --- corrugated pipe --- DC-DC converters --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- dynamic model --- nonlinear dynamics --- new step-up converter --- micro-grid --- global stability --- extended back electromotive force (EEMF) --- small-signal model --- electromagnetic vibration --- nonlinear dynamic model --- excited modes --- data-driven --- rigid body rotation --- position sensorless --- prediction --- centralized vs. decentralized control --- inferential control --- boost-flyback converter --- calculation method --- switched reluctance generator --- monodromy matrix --- bridgeless converter --- decoupling control --- distributed architecture --- wave --- buck converter --- soft sensor --- model–plant mismatches --- whistling noise --- efficiency optimization --- steel catenary riser --- moving horizon estimation --- single artificial neuron (SAN) --- space mechanism --- two-stage bypass --- electrical machine --- harmonic suppression --- local vs. global optimization --- performance recovery --- reinforcement learning (RL) --- adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) --- overvoltage --- planetary gears --- maximum power point tracking --- DC-DC buck converter --- power quality --- average-current mode control --- feedback coefficient --- power factor correction (PFC) --- capacitance current --- predictive control --- rotor dynamics


Book
Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3039210459 3039210440 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book offers a collection of 30 scientific papers which address the problems associated with the use of power electronic converters in renewable energy source-based systems. Relevant problems associated with the use of power electronic converters to integrate renewable energy systems to the power grid are presented. Some of the covered topics relate to the integration of photovoltaic and wind energy generators into the rest of the system, and to the use of energy storage to mitigate power fluctuations, which are a characteristic of renewable energy systems. The book provides a good overview of the abovementioned topics.

Keywords

n/a --- washout filter --- turbine and generator --- unbalanced power grid --- PV --- transient dynamics --- multi-input single output (MISO) --- permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) --- static frequency characteristics --- impedance analysis --- FACTS devices --- coordinated control --- improved additional frequency control --- experiment --- resonant controller --- two-stage photovoltaic power --- voltage cancellation --- energy --- power matching --- LCL filter --- adaptive-MPPT (maximum power point tracking) --- VSC --- active power filter --- perturb and observe --- coordination control --- voltage-type control --- multiple VSGs --- wind power prediction --- linear quadratic regulator --- multiport converter (MPC) --- grid support function --- power ripple elimination --- adaptive resonant controller --- phase space reconstruction --- sliding mode control --- impedance emulation --- photovoltaic systems --- grid-connected converter --- SVM --- photovoltaic generators --- power grid --- active front-end converter --- THD --- type-4 wind turbine --- inertia --- ROCOF --- microgrid --- coupled oscillators --- multilevel power converter --- DC-AC power converters --- internal model --- back-to-back converter --- duty-ratio constraints --- selective harmonic mitigation --- parallel inverters --- discontinuous conduction mode --- droop control --- step size --- grid-connected --- inverter --- short-circuit fault --- energy router --- oscillation mitigation --- improved-VSG (virtual synchronous generator) --- source and load impedance --- synchronverter --- digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335 --- operation optimization --- battery-energy storage --- generator speed control --- electrical power generation --- virtual impedance --- weak grid --- doubly-fed induction generator --- grid synchronization --- Energy Internet --- open circuit voltage --- state-of-charge balancing --- renewable power system --- control strategies --- adaptive notch filter (ANF) --- renewable energy --- hardware in the loop (HIL) --- energy storage --- microgrids --- inertia and damping characteristics --- electric vehicle --- multi-energy complementary --- static compensator --- stability --- battery energy storage system --- power-hardware-in- the-loop --- electricity price --- notch filter --- time series --- distorted grid --- oscillation suppression --- phase-locked loop (PLL) --- modules --- organic Rankine cycle --- failure zone --- Opal-RT Technologies® --- distributed generation --- modular multilevel converter --- governor --- microgrid (MG) --- second-life battery --- thermoelectric generator --- stability analysis --- wind energy system --- variable coefficient regulation --- single ended primary inductor converter (SEPIC) --- error --- soft switching --- power electronics --- PLL --- SPWM --- virtual synchronous generator --- perturbation frequency --- phase shifted --- grid-connected inverter --- cloud computing --- low inertia --- boost converter --- impedance reshaping --- small-signal and transient stability --- speed control --- multivariate linear regression --- photovoltaic --- adaptive control --- frequency regulation --- variable power tracking control --- power converters --- maximum power point tracking --- virtual admittance --- synchronization --- peak-current-mode control --- dynamic modeling --- discontinuous operation mode --- demand response


Book
PV System Design and Performance
Author:
ISBN: 3039216236 3039216228 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Photovoltaic solar energy technology (PV) has been developing rapidly in the past decades, leading to a multi-billion-dollar global market. It is of paramount importance that PV systems function properly, which requires the generation of expected energy both for small-scale systems that consist of a few solar modules and for very large-scale systems containing millions of modules. This book increases the understanding of the issues relevant to PV system design and correlated performance; moreover, it contains research from scholars across the globe in the fields of data analysis and data mapping for the optimal performance of PV systems, faults analysis, various causes for energy loss, and design and integration issues. The chapters in this book demonstrate the importance of designing and properly monitoring photovoltaic systems in the field in order to ensure continued good performance.

Keywords

fault diagnosis --- modeling --- simulation --- fault tree analysis --- photovoltaic system --- Bartlett’s test --- metaheuristic --- population density --- spatial analyses --- AC parameters --- parameter estimation --- fiber reinforced polymeric plastic (FRP) --- Hartigan’s dip test --- energy --- image processing --- real data --- photovoltaic (PV) systems monitoring --- forecast --- photovoltaic plants --- system --- graphical malfunction detection --- defects --- STATCOM --- photo-generated current --- performance analysis --- photovoltaic module performance --- solar energy --- urban context --- thermal interaction --- underdamped oscillation --- reliability --- membership algorithm --- photovoltaic systems --- availability --- fuzzy logic controller --- ANOVA --- solar farm --- energy yield --- cluster analysis --- photovoltaics --- annual yield --- residential buildings --- PV array --- PV system --- dc-dc converter --- quasi-opposition based learning --- grid-connected --- performance ratio --- organic soiling --- vegetated/green roof --- conventional roof membrane --- UV-fluorescence imaging --- PV thermal performance --- PV systems --- failure mode and effect analysis --- ageing and degradation of PV-modules --- sheet molding compound FRP --- Jarque-Bera’s test --- Tukey’s test --- technical costs --- Kruskal-Wallis’ test --- improved cuckoo search algorithm --- PV energy performance --- pultruded FRP --- cracks --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- structural design --- software development --- floating PV generation structure --- malfunction detection --- modules --- photovoltaic performance --- maximum power point --- GIS --- impedance spectroscopy --- floating PV systems (FPV) --- solar cells --- Renewable Energy --- loss analysis --- shade resilience --- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) --- failure detection --- optimization problem --- failure rates --- FCM algorithm --- stability analysis --- reactive power support --- mooring system --- buck converter --- Mood’s Median test --- photovoltaic modeling --- module architecture --- PV module --- data analysis --- partial shading --- opposition-based learning --- silicon --- floating PV module (FPVM) --- electroluminescence --- urban compactness


Book
Sustainable Energy Systems: From Primary to End-Use
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 3039210971 3039210963 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book focuses on sustainable energy systems. While several innovative and alternative concepts are presented, the topics of energy policy, life cycle assessment, thermal energy, and renewable energy also play a major role. Models on various temporal and geographical scales are developed to understand the conditions of technical as well as organizational change. New methods of modeling, which can fulfil technical and physical boundary conditions and nevertheless consider economic environmental and social aspects, are also developed.

Keywords

coal-fired power unit --- capacity investment --- energy density --- sensitivity analysis --- fuel --- renewable energy source penetration --- AHP --- torrefaction --- Active Disturbance Rejection Control --- swell effect disturbance --- renewable energy --- resource efficiency --- choice experiment --- pseudo-Huber loss --- integrated model --- Probabilistic Robustness --- sustainable energy --- Energy Life-Cycle Assessment --- hysteresis switching --- areal grey relational analysis --- market power --- photovoltaic with energy storage system --- wind power plants --- power system stability --- alternative energy --- hollow rollers --- efficiency --- generation system scheduling --- energy from biomass --- fuelwood value index --- manufacturing industry --- game theory --- energy modelling --- peach --- grindability --- artificial neural networks control --- sustainability --- large bearings --- levelized cost of energy --- renewable energies --- ash recovery --- thermodynamic cycle concepts --- modified cycle concepts --- HOMER simulation --- low-carbon economy --- energy systems --- fuzzy logic control --- basic plan for long-term electricity supply and demand --- LCOE comparison --- post-harvest --- heating value --- power supply reliability --- Pinus pinaster --- doubly fed induction generator --- willingness to pay --- multilayer perception --- robust optimization --- forecasting model for electricity demand --- transient impact --- uncertainty --- power electronics --- electrostatic devices --- flexibility --- active power harmonics filter --- Monte Carlo --- energy storage systems --- energy costs --- SWOT analysis --- tidal stream generator --- textile industrial sector --- stochastic approach --- deficit --- uncertainty analysis --- rotary reactor --- biomass --- secondary air regulation --- forecasting --- photovoltaic --- electricity --- Internet of Things --- dynamic planning --- fuzzy rough set --- flexible resource --- wind resources --- op-amp --- maximum power point tracking --- nexus concept


Book
Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Both New and Rehabilitated
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3039287036 3039287028 Year: 2020 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Buildings are one of the main causes of the emission of greenhouse gases in the world. Europe alone is responsible for more than 30% of emissions, or about 900 million tons of CO2 per year. Heating and air conditioning are the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions in buildings. Most buildings currently in use were built with poor energy efficiency criteria or, depending on the country and the date of construction, none at all. Therefore, regardless of whether construction regulations are becoming stricter, the real challenge nowadays is the energy rehabilitation of existing buildings. It is currently a priority to reduce (or, ideally, eliminate) the waste of energy in buildings and, at the same time, supply the necessary energy through renewable sources. The first can be achieved by improving the architectural design, construction methods, and materials used, as well as the efficiency of the facilities and systems; the second can be achieved through the integration of renewable energy (wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) in buildings. In any case, regardless of whether the energy used is renewable or not, the efficiency must always be taken into account. The most profitable and clean energy is that which is not consumed.

Keywords

artificial neural network --- thermal performance --- dynamic simulation --- building renovation --- zero energy building --- building --- energy productivity --- building sector --- three-phase unbalance minimization --- optimization --- seasonal performance factor (SPF) --- envelope transmittance --- demolition --- envelope airtightness --- building energy prediction --- energy --- Korean household energy consumption --- floor envelope design --- building refurbishment --- perturbation and observation --- glazing --- ground and water source heat pump (ASHP --- sensitivity --- energy efficiency promotion --- model predictive control --- renovation --- home energy management system --- energy tunnel --- performance parameter design --- air --- coefficient of performance (COP) --- Arab region --- building rehabilitation --- ground heat transfer --- residential buildings --- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Nachhaltiges Bauen (DGNB) --- policy design --- building user activity --- Leadership in Energy &amp --- lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) --- energy renovation --- energy performance --- urban modelling --- Maghreb --- analytical hierarchy process --- surface cooling --- thermal insulation --- Level(s) --- subtropical climate --- energy efficiency --- green building rating systems --- Ipomoea batatas --- big data --- life cycle cost analysis --- domestic hot water (DHW) --- multi-family buildings --- greenhouse --- building energy --- passive architecture --- prediction --- Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) --- Minimum-Energy Building (MEB) --- energy modeling --- Mashreq --- simulation engines --- HVAC demand --- test method --- adjustable step size --- life cycle cost --- energy saving ratio --- Environmental Design (LEED) --- influencing factors --- GSHP and WSHP) --- energy use --- subtropical climate building --- single-person household --- heat load --- energy performance standard --- technology package --- energy-performance gap --- GCC --- Building Research Establishment Assessment Method (BREEAM) --- energy pile --- nearly zero energy building --- co-simulation --- new construction --- space heating --- building stock energy demand --- low power loss --- maximum power point tracking --- envelope thermography --- extensive green roof --- OPERA-MILP


Book
Computational Intelligence for Modeling, Control, Optimization, Forecasting and Diagnostics in Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This book is a Special Issue Reprint edited by Prof. Massimo Vitelli and Dr. Luigi Costanzo. It contains original research articles covering, but not limited to, the following topics: maximum power point tracking techniques; forecasting techniques; sizing and optimization of PV components and systems; PV modeling; reconfiguration algorithms; fault diagnosis; mismatching detection; decision processes for grid operators.

Keywords

sensor network --- data fusion --- complex network analysis --- fault prognosis --- photovoltaic plants --- ANFIS --- statistical method --- gradient descent --- photovoltaic system --- sustainable development --- PV power prediction --- artificial neural network --- renewable energy --- environmental parameters --- multiple regression model --- moth-flame optimization --- parameter extraction --- photovoltaic model --- double flames generation (DFG) strategy --- Solar cell parameters --- single-diode model --- two-diode model --- COA --- photovoltaic systems --- maximum power point tracking --- single stage grid connected systems --- solar concentrator --- spectral beam splitting --- diffractive optical element --- diffractive grating --- PVs power output forecasting --- adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems --- particle swarm optimization-artificial neural networks --- solar irradiation --- photovoltaic power prediction --- publicly available weather reports --- machine learning --- long short-term memory --- integrated energy systems --- smart energy management --- PV fleet --- clustering-based PV fault detection --- unsupervised learning --- self-imputation --- implicit model solution --- photovoltaic array --- series–parallel --- global optimization --- partial shading --- deterministic optimization algorithm --- metaheuristic optimization algorithm --- genetic algorithm --- solar cell optimization --- finite difference time domain --- optical modelling --- thermal image --- photovoltaic module --- hot spot --- image processing --- deterioration --- linear approximation --- MPPT algorithm --- duty cycle --- global horizontal irradiance --- mathematical modeling --- feed-forward neural networks --- recurrent neural networks --- LSTM cell --- performances evaluation --- clear sky irradiance --- persistent predictor --- photovoltaics --- artificial neural networks --- national power system

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