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In the last twenty years, there has been a growing interest in middle infrared (mid-IR) laser crystals and their application to achieve mid-IR laser radiations, which has benefited from the development of novel mid-infrared crystals and the improving quality of traditional mid-IR crystals. Moreover, these works have promoted the development of related technical applications. This Special Issue of the journal Crystals focuses on the most recent advances in mid-IR laser crystals, from materials to laser sources and applications. It aims to bring together the latest developments in novel mid-IR crystals, improvements in the quality of mid-IR crystals, mid-IR non-linear crystals and mid-IR lasers, as well as the application of mid-IR technology in spectroscopy, trace gas detection and remote sensing, optical microscopy and biomedicine. Aspiring authors are encouraged to submit their latest original research, as well as forward-looking review papers, to this Special Issue.

long pulse laser --- plasma plume --- composite materials --- CFRP --- GFRP --- 1989 nm --- Ho:YAP --- AO Q-switched laser --- long-wave infrared --- ZnGeP2 crystal --- Ho:YAG MOPA --- nonlinear infrared optical crystal --- AgGaGe5Se12 crystal --- Bridgman growth method --- solid-state --- diode-pumped --- Q-switched --- infrared and far-infrared lasers --- surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) --- metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide --- Fano line-shapes --- refractive index sensing --- millisecond pulse laser --- silicon avalanche photodiode (Si-APD) --- external capacitance --- photocurrent --- carrier flow --- lowering of the barrier --- APD --- Dy:CaF2-SrF2 --- crystal growth --- temperature gradient technology --- midinfrared crystal --- Sellmeier dispersion formula --- mid-infrared photonics --- chalcopyrite semiconductors --- orthorhombic ternary chalcogenides --- harmonic generation --- continuum generation --- group velocity matching --- infrared pulse laser --- fused silica --- plasma --- interaction between laser and matter --- numerical simulation --- plasma expansion velocity --- 2.78 μm mid-infrared emission --- Er/Tm --- PbF2 laser crystal --- energy transfer mechanism --- first-principles calculation --- β-Ga2O3 crystal --- optical floating zone --- saturable absorber --- Q-switch --- laser-induced damage threshold --- ZnGeP2 --- interference coating --- magnetorheological polish --- laser --- Ho:YVO4 --- double-pass-pumping --- laser diode --- n/a