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Using data from a longitudinal survey of fast food restaurants in Texas, the authors examine the impact of recent changes in the federal minimum wage on a low-wage labor market The authors draw four main conclusions. First, the survey results indicate that less than 5 percent of fast food restaurants use the new youth subminimum wage even though the vast majority paid a starting wage below the new hourly minimum wage immediately before the new minimum went into effect. Second, although some restaurants increased wages by an amount exceeding that necessary to comply with higher minimum wages in both 1990 and 1991, recent increases in the federal minimum wage have greatly compressed the distribution of starting wages in the Texas fast food industry. Third, employment increased relatively in those firms likely to have been most affected by the 1991 minimum wage increase. Fourth, changes in the prices of meals appear to be unrelated to mandated wage changes. These employment and price changes do not seem consistent with conventional views of the effects of increases in a binding minimum wage.
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Architecture --- Fast food restaurants --- History
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Diet --- Fast food restaurants --- Restaurants --- History --- History
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Fast food restaurants --- Electric wiring --- Safety measures.
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Food consumption --- Fast food restaurants --- Convenience foods
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Convenience foods --- Fast food restaurants --- Food industry and trade
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In Canada, the donut is often thought of as the unofficial national food. Donuts are sold at every intersection and rest stop, celebrated in song and story as symbols of Canadian identity, and one chain in particular, Tim Horton's, has become a veritable icon with over 2500 shops across the country. But there is more to the donut than these and other expressions of 'snackfood patriotism' would suggest. In this study, Steve Penfold puts the humble donut in its historical context, examining how one deep-fried confectionary became, not only a mass commodity, but an edible symbol of Canadianness. Penfold examines the history of the donut in light of broader social, economic, and cultural issues, and uses the donut as a window onto key developments in twentieth-century Canada such as the growth of a 'consumer society, ' the relationship between big business and community, and the ironic qualities of Canadian national identity. He goes on to explore the social and political conditions that facilitated the rapid rise and steady growth of donut shops across the country. Based on a wide range of sources, from commercial and government reports to personal interviews, The Donut is a comprehensive and fascinating look at one of Canada's most popular products. It offers original insights on consumer culture, mass consumption, and the dynamics of Canadian history.
Doughnuts --- Fast food restaurants --- Fast food restaurants --- Franchises (Retail trade) --- Consumption (Economics) --- Social aspects --- Economic aspects --- Social aspects --- History. --- History. --- Canada --- Social conditions
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Teenagers --- Restaurants --- Fast food restaurants --- Employment --- Employees. --- Law and legislation --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- United States.
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Restaurants --- Fast food restaurants --- Food consumption --- Food consumption forecasting --- Income --- Consumption (Economics) --- United States.
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