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Algebraic geometry

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Singular algebraic curves have been in the focus of study in algebraic geometry from the very beginning, and till now remain a subject of an active research related to many modern developments in algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry, and tropical geometry. The monograph suggests a unified approach to the geometry of singular algebraic curves on algebraic surfaces and their families, which applies to arbitrary singularities, allows one to treat all main questions concerning the geometry of equisingular families of curves, and, finally, leads to results which can be viewed as the best possible in a reasonable sense. Various methods of the cohomology vanishing theory as well as the patchworking construction with its modifications will be of a special interest for experts in algebraic geometry and singularity theory. The introductory chapters on zero-dimensional schemes and global deformation theory can well serve as a material for special courses and seminars for graduate and post-graduate students.Geometry in general plays a leading role in modern mathematics, and algebraic geometry is the most advanced area of research in geometry. In turn, algebraic curves for more than one century have been the central subject of algebraic geometry both in fundamental theoretic questions and in applications to other fields of mathematics and mathematical physics. Particularly, the local and global study of singular algebraic curves involves a variety of methods and deep ideas from geometry, analysis, algebra, combinatorics and suggests a number of hard classical and newly appeared problems which inspire further development in this research area.

Geometry, algebraic. --- Algebraic Geometry. --- Algebraic geometry --- Geometry --- Algebraic geometry.

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This book introduces the reader to modern algebraic geometry. It presents Grothendieck's technically demanding language of schemes that is the basis of the most important developments in the last fifty years within this area. A systematic treatment and motivation of the theory is emphasized, using concrete examples to illustrate its usefulness. Several examples from the realm of Hilbert modular surfaces and of determinantal varieties are used methodically to discuss the covered techniques. Thus the reader experiences that the further development of the theory yields an ever better understanding of these fascinating objects. The text is complemented by many exercises that serve to check the comprehension of the text, treat further examples, or give an outlook on further results. The volume at hand is an introduction to schemes. To get started, it requires only basic knowledge in abstract algebra and topology. Essential facts from commutative algebra are assembled in an appendix. It will be complemented by a second volume on the cohomology of schemes. For the second edition, several mistakes and many smaller errors and misprints have been corrected. Contents Prevarieties - Spectrum of a Ring - Schemes - Fiber products - Schemes over fields - Local properties of schemes - Quasi-coherent modules - Representable functors - Separated morphisms - Finiteness Conditions - Vector bundles - Affine and proper morphisms - Projective morphisms - Flat morphisms and dimension - One-dimensional schemes - Examples About the Authors Prof. Dr. Ulrich Görtz, Institute of Experimental Mathematics, University Duisburg-Essen Prof. Dr. Torsten Wedhorn, Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Darmstadt.

Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic Geometry. --- Algebraic geometry --- Geometry --- Geometry, Algebraic.

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Based on the Simons Symposia held in 2015, the proceedings in this volume focus on rational curves on higher-dimensional algebraic varieties and applications of the theory of curves to arithmetic problems. There has been significant progress in this field with major new results, which have given new impetus to the study of rational curves and spaces of rational curves on K3 surfaces and their higher-dimensional generalizations. One main recent insight the book covers is the idea that the geometry of rational curves is tightly coupled to properties of derived categories of sheaves on K3 surfaces. The implementation of this idea led to proofs of long-standing conjectures concerning birational properties of holomorphic symplectic varieties, which in turn should yield new theorems in arithmetic. This proceedings volume covers these new insights in detail. .

Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic Geometry. --- Geometry, Algebraic.

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This book presents progress on two open problems within the framework of algebraic geometry and commutative algebra: Gröbner's problem regarding the arithmetic Cohen-Macaulayness (aCM) of projections of Veronese varieties, and the problem of determining the structure of the algebra of invariants of finite groups. We endeavour to understand their unexpected connection with the weak Lefschetz properties (WLPs) of artinian ideals. In 1967, Gröbner showed that the Veronese variety is aCM and exhibited examples of aCM and nonaCM monomial projections. Motivated by this fact, he posed the problem of determining whether a monomial projection is aCM. In this book, we provide a comprehensive state of the art of Gröbner’s problem and we contribute to this question with families of monomial projections parameterized by invariants of a finite abelian group called G-varieties. We present a new point of view in the study of Gröbner’s problem, relating it to the WLP of Artinian ideals. GT varieties are a subclass of G varieties parameterized by invariants generating an Artinian ideal failing the WLP, called the Galois-Togliatti system. We studied the geometry of the G-varieties; we compute their Hilbert functions, a minimal set of generators of their homogeneous ideals, and the canonical module of their homogeneous coordinate rings to describe their minimal free resolutions. We also investigate the invariance of nonabelian finite groups to stress the link between projections of Veronese surfaces, the invariant theory of finite groups and the WLP. Finally, we introduce a family of smooth rational monomial projections related to G-varieties called RL-varieties. We study the geometry of this family of nonaCM monomial projections and we compute the dimension of the cohomology of the normal bundle of RL varieties. This book is intended to introduce Gröbner’s problem to young researchers and provide new points of view and directions for further investigations.

Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic Geometry. --- Geometry, Algebraic.