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This standard deals with the methods of measurement of important characteristics of transistors. In general, these characteristics are referred to as parameters of the devices. Because of the youthfulness of the transistor art, methods of testing transistors will continue to change considerably before the art can be considered to have "stabilized" sufficiently for complete standardization. This standard corresponds to the current state of transistor testing methods, and its publication by the IRE is considered preferable to waiting for a future stabilization of the many rapid changes now characteristic of this field.

Transistors.

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Transistors

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The design, manufacturing, and testing unique to the application of uncontrolled semiconductor power rectifiers for direct current (dc) supplied transportation substation applications up to 1500 V dc nominal output is covered in this standard. The standard is intended to address traction power substation rectifiers that are to be provided as part of a rectifier transformer unit or are provided separately. Application information and extensive definitions of related technical terms are included. Keywords: commutating reactance, double-way, extra heavy traction, heavy traction, interphase transformer, light transition load, power rectifier, rectifier transformer unit, service rating, traction power substation.

Power transistors.

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Recommendations believed essential for the application of over current protective devices applied to limit the exposure time of transformers to short-circuit current are set forth. Transformer coordination curves are presented for four categories of transformers. There is no intent to imply overload capability.

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In this standard a method for establishing the dollar value of the electric power needed to supply the losses of a transformer or reactor is provided. Users can use this loss evaluation to determine the relative economic benefit of a high-first-cost, low-loss unit versus one with a lower first cost and higher losses, and to compare the offerings of two or more manufacturers to aid in making the best purchase choice. Manufacturers can use the evaluation to optimize the design and provide the most economical unit to bid and manufacture. The various types of losses are reviewed.

Power transistors.