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Toxoplasmosis is caused by a one-celled protozoan parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii. In the United States, it is estimated that approximately 30% of cats, the primary carriers, have been infected by T. gondii. Most humans contract toxoplasmosis by eating cyst-contaminated raw or undercooked meat, vegetables, or milk products or when they come into contact with the T. gondii eggs from cat feaces while cleaning a cat's litterbox, gardening, or playing in a sandbox. Approx 1 in 4 (more than 60 million) people in the USA are infected with the parasite, and in the UK between
Toxoplasma. --- Toxoplasma gondii. --- Toxoplasma --- Sarcocystidae --- Toxoplasmosis. --- Coccidiosis
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Towards New Perspectives on Toxoplasma gondii reflects the range of research activities and knowledge on this significant pathogenic protozoan parasite. The book addresses important developments in Toxoplasma, and covers a variety of topics, including the development of schizont stages of T. gondii in the primary cell culture of feline enterocytes, the effects of toxoplasmosis on host behavior, personality, and cognition, the three nutrient uptake portals in Toxoplasma tachyzoites, neuro-immunopathology, and the significant role that laboratories play in the diagnosis and prevention of Toxoplasma infection. This book will be an indispensable aid to many academics and scientists.
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Toxoplasma gondii --- Water --- Detection --- Methodology --- Sampling --- Methodology. --- Hydrology --- Toxoplasma
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Trichinella --- Toxoplasma --- Swine --- Diseases --- Growth.
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Toxoplasma gondii --- Water --- Detection --- Methodology --- Purification --- Disinfection --- Disinfection. --- Disinfection and disinfectants --- Hydrology --- Toxoplasma
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Toxoplasmosis in animals --- Toxoplasma gondii --- Genetic aspects --- Molecular aspects --- Molecular genetics --- Toxoplasma --- Coccidiosis in animals
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L’histoire de ce minuscule parasite, le toxoplasme, nous concerne tous, ou presque. Il contamine les animaux à sang chaud, dont l’Homme. Parasité par le toxoplasme, un rat recherche la compagnie d’un chat, au lieu de le fuir. Et nous, les humains ? Sans manifester des signes visibles de maladie, nous sommes, en France, une moitié de la population à l’abriter dans nos cerveaux. Comment y atterrit-il ? Qu’y fait-il ? Le toxoplasme peut-il influencer nos actions ? Notre personnalité même ? Les recherches épidémiologiques, cliniques, psychologiques nous donnent des indices : l’infection par le toxoplasme est corrélée, par exemple, avec certaines pathologies cérébrales et avec certains comportements à risque. Mais comment le sait-on ? L’auteur s’attache à concilier l’intelligibilité du langage et la rigueur de l’exposé ; la fenêtre qu’elle entrouvre sur la « science en devenir » contribue à bâtir une attitude « raisonnablement critique et raisonnablement confiante » à l’égard des découvertes scientifiques. En présentant les faits et méfaits du toxoplasme, l’ouvrage introduit au monde du parasitisme, ce mode particulier, mais non unique, de cohabitation entre les organismes.
SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology. --- Toxoplasmosis in animals. --- Toxoplasma.
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Eukaryotic parasites (including parasitic protozoans, worms and arthropods) are more complex and heterogeneous organisms than pathogenic bacteria and viruses. This notion implies different evolutionary strategies of host exploitation. Typically, parasites establish long-term infections and induce relatively little mortality, as they often limit pathological changes by modulating host cells and downregulating adverse immune responses. Their pattern of distribution tends to be endemic rather than epidemic. Despite these seemingly benign traits, parasites usually cause substantial chronic morbidity, thus constituting an enormous socioeconomic burden in humans, particularly in resource poor countries, and in livestock worldwide. Parasite-induced fitness costs are an evolutionary force that can shape populations and contribute to species diversity. Therefore, a thorough understanding of parasites and parasitic diseases requires detailed knowledge of the respective biochemical, molecular and immunological aspects as well as of population genetics, epidemiology and ecology. This Research Topic (RT) bridges disciplines to connect molecular, immunological and wildlife aspects of parasitic infections. The RT puts emphases on four groups of parasites: Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Giardia and intestinal helminths. Co-infections are also covered by the RT as they represent the most common form of parasite infections in wildlife and domestic animal populations. Within the four types of parasites the following topics are addressed: (1) Experimental models: hypothesis testing, translation and limits. (2) Critical appraisal of experimental models. (3) Natural systems: Technological advances for investigations in natural parasite-host systems and studies in natural systems. (4) The urgent need for better models and methods in natural parasite systems. Hence, the RT covers and illustrate by the means of four main parasitic infections the parasite-host system at the molecular, cellular and organismic level.
Toxoplasma --- Helminth --- Protozoa --- experimental model --- Giardia --- Parasite Infection --- natural system
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