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The works of Lev Tolstoy are not only masterpieces of world literature, but also mirrors of their time, of the socio-cultural transformations that took place in Tsarist Russia; it is from this perspective that the production of the great writer is analyzed in the present work. In particular, the author examines the evolution of the institution of marriage in the second half of the nineteenth century in Russia starting with the reading of Family Happiness, Anna Karenina and La Sonata a Kreutzer. If Family Happiness is a prelude to the marriage of convenience crisis, its implosion is beautifully described in Anna Karenina. Anna decrees the definitive death of this institution when, challenging the society of her time, she does not conceal her adultery but, on the contrary, exhibits it and tries to legitimize it. it demonstrates the overcoming of the aristocratic model of marriage, now replaced by the bourgeois one. Maria Zalambani is associate professor of Russian literature at the University of Bologna (Forlì campus). She mainly dealt with the Russian avant-garde and Soviet literature. Among other things, she is the author of Art in production. Avant-garde and revolution in Soviet Russia of the 1920s (Longo, Ravenna 1998), The death of the novel (Carocci, Rome 2003). For the types of the FUP he published Censorship, institutions and literary politics in the USSR (1964-1985) (Florence 2009). She mainly dealt with the Russian avant-garde and Soviet literature. Among other things, she is the author of Art in production. Avant-garde and revolution in Soviet Russia of the 1920s (Longo, Ravenna 1998), The death of the novel (Carocci, Rome 2003). For the types of the FUP he published Censorship, institutions and literary politics in the USSR (1964-1985) (Florence 2009). She mainly dealt with the Russian avant-garde and Soviet literature. Among other things, she is the author of Art in production. Avant-garde and revolution in Soviet Russia of the 1920s (Longo, Ravenna 1998), The death of the novel (Carocci, Rome 2003). For the types of the FUP he published Censorship, institutions and literary politics in the USSR (1964-1985) (Florence 2009).

Marriage in literature. --- Tolstoy, Leo, graf,

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The renowned Russian writer Leo Tolstoy created a realistic masterpiece in Anna Karenina (1878). In the same work, moreover, he utilized allegory and symbol to an extent and at a level of sophistication unknown in his other works. In Browning's study, the author identifies and analyzes previously unnoticed or only briefly mentioned "linkages and keystones" found in two highly developed clusters of symbols, arising from Anna's momentous train ride and peasant nightmares, and of allegories, rooted in Vronsky's disastrous steeplechase. Within this labyrinth of symbol, allegory and structural patterning lies embedded much of the novel's most significant meaning. This study will be of particular interest to students and scholars of Russian literature, Tolstoy, symbol, allegory, structuralism, and moral criticism.

Tolstoy, Leo, -- graf, -- 1828-1910. -- Anna Karenina. --- Languages & Literatures --- Slavic, Baltic and Albanian Languages & Literatures --- Tolstoy, Leo, --- Hubay, Jenő, --- LITERARY CRITICISM / Russian & Former Soviet Union. --- Criticism. --- Anthologies.

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En mettant en regard Tolstoï et Nietzsche, Léon Chestov fait se mesurer le « grand écrivain de la terre russe », défenseur de la morale, au « responsable des crimes de la jeune génération » dont les écrits ont inquiété jusqu’en Russie. Le premier a cherché à travers ses grands romans à répandre sa conception du bien. Le second s’est employé à tuer Dieu et à dévoiler les artifices de la morale. Tolstoï n’a-t-il pas cherché, dans Qu’est-ce que l’art?, à être le bouclier contre cet orage provenant de l’Occident? Pourtant, en les confrontant plus précisément sur l’Idée de Bien, Chestov en vient sans le dire à diminuer Tolstoï et grandir Nietzsche tout en les rassemblant sur plus d’un point. C’est que Tolstoï s’est rendu coupable de se satisfaire de sa vertu, quand Nietzsche en a payé le prix dans sa souffrance. Si Nietzsche a renié sa foi, n’a-t-il pas cherché Dieu? Jusqu’à cet Ubermensch, peut-être, le surhomme dont Chestov semble vouloir croire qu’il est le Dieu nouveau de Nietzsche.

Bien et mal. --- Tolstoï, Lev Nikolaevitch --- Nietzsche, Friedrich --- Morale. --- Good and evil --- Tolstoy, Leo, --- Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, --- Philosophy and religion. --- Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, - 1844-1900 --- Tolstoy, Leo, - graf, - 1828-1910

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882 "18" TOLSTOJ, LEV NIKOLAEVIC --- Russische literatuur--19e eeuw. Periode 1800-1899--TOLSTOJ, LEV NIKOLAEVIC --- Tolstoy, Leo graf --- -Tolstoy, Leo graf --- -Philosophy --- Religion --- 882 "18" TOLSTOJ, LEV NIKOLAEVIC Russische literatuur--19e eeuw. Periode 1800-1899--TOLSTOJ, LEV NIKOLAEVIC --- Tolstoy, Leo, --- Толстой, Лев, --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич, --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich, --- Dōlsdōy, L. N., --- Ṭālsṭāy, --- Ṭālsṭāy, Liyō, --- Talstoĭ, Leŭ, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, Lieh-fu, --- Ṭôlasṭāya, Liyo, --- Толстой, Л. М., --- Tolstoĭ, L. M., --- Толстой, Л. Н. --- Tolstoĭ, L. N. --- Tolstoi, Leo N., --- Tolstoï, Léon, --- Tolstoï, Léon Nikolaevitch, --- Tolstoi, Leone, --- Tolstói, Lev, --- Tolstoi, Lew, --- Tolstoı̂, Lion, --- Tolstoi, Lyof N., --- Tolstoj, Lav Nikolajević, --- Tolstoj, Law, --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevič, --- Tołstoj, Lew, --- Tolstoy, L. N. --- Tolstoy, Léon, --- Tolstoy, Lev, --- Tolsztoj, Lev, --- Ttolsŭttoi, --- Tūlstūy, Līf, --- Tuo'ersitai, --- Tuo'ersitai, Liefu, --- Талстой, Леў, --- טאלסאטי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, ל. --- טאלסטאי, ל., --- טאלסטאי, ל.נ --- טאלסטאי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטאי, לאװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעא --- טאלסטאי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, לעװ --- טאלסטאי, לעװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעוו --- טאלסטאי, לעוו, --- טאלסטאי, ליעװ --- טאלסטאי, ליעוו --- טאלסטאי, גראף לעא --- טאלסטוי, ל., --- טאלסטוי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטוי, לאר, --- טאלסטוי, לעא, --- טולסטאי, לב נ., --- טולסטױ, ל. --- טולסטױ, ל., --- טולסטױ, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי --- טולסטוי, ל. --- טולסטוי, ל., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי, ל.נ., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ., --- טולסטוי, לב --- טולסטוי, לב, --- טולסטוי, לב ניקולוביץ, --- טולסטוי, ליב --- טולסטוי, ליב, --- تولستوى، ل، --- لئون تولستوى --- レオ.トルストイ, --- 托爾斯泰, 列夫, --- Tolstojs, L̦evs N., --- Tolstoi, Leo Nikolaievich, --- Tolstojus, L. N., --- Philosophy. --- Religion. --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevič --- Tolstoi, Leo --- Tolstoj, Leo --- Tolstoj, Lew Nikolajewitsj --- Tolstoy, Leo --- Tolstoï, Léon --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevitsj --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevitsj

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Intellectual eminence apart, what did Kant, Clausewitz, Marx and Engels, and Tolstoy have in common? Professor Gallic argues that they made contributions to 'international theory' - to the understanding of the character and causes of war and of the possibility of peace between nations - which were of unrivalled originality in their own times and remain of undiminished importance in ours. But these contributions have been either ignored or much misunderstood ; chiefly because, as with all intellectual efforts in unexplored fields, they were often imperfectly expressed, and were also overshadowed by their author's more striking achievements. Professor Gallic has sorted out, compared and contrasted, criticised and re-phrased the teachings of his chosen authors on peace and war.

Clausewitz, von, Carl --- Engels, Frederick --- -#SBIB:321H30 --- Clausewitz, Carl von --- -Engels, Friedrich --- Tolstoy, Leo graf --- Clausewitz, Carl von, --- Engels, Friedrich --- Peace --- War --- Armed conflict (War) --- Conflict, Armed (War) --- Fighting --- Hostilities --- Wars --- International relations --- Military art and science --- Coexistence, Peaceful --- Peaceful coexistence --- Disarmament --- Peace-building --- Security, International --- Engels, Friedrich, --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Marx, Karl, --- Tolstoy, Leo, --- Толстой, Лев, --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич, --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich, --- Dōlsdōy, L. N., --- Ṭālsṭāy, --- Ṭālsṭāy, Liyō, --- Talstoĭ, Leŭ, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, Lieh-fu, --- Ṭôlasṭāya, Liyo, --- Толстой, Л. М., --- Tolstoĭ, L. M., --- Толстой, Л. Н. --- Tolstoĭ, L. N. --- Tolstoi, Leo N., --- Tolstoï, Léon, --- Tolstoï, Léon Nikolaevitch, --- Tolstoi, Leone, --- Tolstói, Lev, --- Tolstoi, Lew, --- Tolstoı̂, Lion, --- Tolstoi, Lyof N., --- Tolstoj, Lav Nikolajević, --- Tolstoj, Law, --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevič, --- Tołstoj, Lew, --- Tolstoy, L. N. --- Tolstoy, Léon, --- Tolstoy, Lev, --- Tolsztoj, Lev, --- Ttolsŭttoi, --- Tūlstūy, Līf, --- Tuo'ersitai, --- Tuo'ersitai, Liefu, --- Талстой, Леў, --- טאלסאטי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, ל. --- טאלסטאי, ל., --- טאלסטאי, ל.נ --- טאלסטאי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטאי, לאװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעא --- טאלסטאי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, לעװ --- טאלסטאי, לעװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעוו --- טאלסטאי, לעוו, --- טאלסטאי, ליעװ --- טאלסטאי, ליעוו --- טאלסטאי, גראף לעא --- טאלסטוי, ל., --- טאלסטוי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטוי, לאר, --- טאלסטוי, לעא, --- טולסטאי, לב נ., --- טולסטױ, ל. --- טולסטױ, ל., --- טולסטױ, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי --- טולסטוי, ל. --- טולסטוי, ל., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי, ל.נ., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ., --- טולסטוי, לב --- טולסטוי, לב, --- טולסטוי, לב ניקולוביץ, --- טולסטוי, ליב --- טולסטוי, ליב, --- تولستوى، ل، --- لئون تولستوى --- レオ.トルストイ, --- 托爾斯泰, 列夫, --- Tolstojs, L̦evs N., --- Tolstoi, Leo Nikolaievich, --- Tolstojus, L. N., --- Marx, Karl --- Kant, Emmanuel --- Kant, Emanuel --- Kant, Emanuele --- Engels, Bedr̆ich, --- Engesi, --- Enhel's, F., --- En-ko-ssŭ, --- Engels, Frederick, --- Ėngelʹs, F. --- Ėngelʹs, Fridrikh, --- Engels, Federico, --- Ăngghen, PH., --- Engerusu, --- Ėngelʹs, Fr. --- Eṅkels, --- Eṅkals, Pireṭarik, --- Eṅkels, Pirīṭric, --- אנגאלס, פ. --- אנגלס, פרידריך --- אנגלס, פרידריך, --- ענגעלס, כ. --- ענגעלס, פרידריך --- ענגעלס, פרידריך, --- ענגעלס, פריעדריך --- ענגעלס, פריריך --- ענגעלס, פ. --- انگلس، فردريك --- 恩格斯, --- Klausewitz, Karl von, --- Klauzevit︠s︡, --- Von Clausewitz, Carl, --- Clausewitz, Karl von, --- Ḳlaʼuzvits, Ḳarl fun, --- קלאוזביץ --- Polemology --- Tolstoy, Leo --- Kant, Immanuel --- Marx, Karl. --- Peace. --- War. --- 恩格斯 --- Kant, I. --- Kānt, ʻAmmānūʼīl, --- Kant, Immanouel, --- Kant, Immanuil, --- Kʻantʻŭ, --- Kant, --- Kant, Emmanuel, --- Ḳanṭ, ʻImanuʼel, --- Kant, E., --- Kant, Emanuel, --- Cantơ, I., --- Kant, Emanuele, --- Kant, Im. --- קאנט --- קאנט, א. --- קאנט, עמנואל --- קאנט, עמנואל, --- קאנט, ע. --- קנט --- קנט, עמנואל --- קנט, עמנואל, --- كانت ، ايمانوئل --- كنت، إمانويل، --- カントイマニユエル, --- Kangde, --- 康德, --- Kanṭ, Īmānwīl, --- كانط، إيمانويل --- Kant, Manuel, --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevič --- Tolstoi, Leo --- Tolstoj, Leo --- Tolstoj, Lew Nikolajewitsj --- Tolstoï, Léon --- Makesi, --- Ma-kʻo-ssu, --- 马克思, --- 馬克思, --- Marukusu, --- マルクス, --- Marx, Heinrich Karl, --- Marks, Karl, --- Marx, Carlos, --- Marks, K. --- Marŭkʻŭsŭ, Kʻal, --- 마르크스, 칼, --- Marksŭ, --- 맑스, --- Marks, Karol, --- Mác, Các, --- Marx, Karel, --- Marksas, Karolis, --- Marx, Carlo, --- Mác, C., --- מארכס, --- מארכס, קארל, --- מארכס, קרל, --- מארכס, ק --- מארקס --- מארקס, קארל --- מארקס, קארל, --- מארקס, קרל, --- מארקס, ק. --- מרכס, קרל --- מרכס, קרל, --- ماركس، كارل --- ماركس، كارل، --- Markso, Karlo, --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevitsj --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevitsj --- エンゲルス, フリードリヒ --- Arts and Humanities --- History --- Clausewitz, Carl von, - 1780-1831 --- Engels, Friedrich, - 1820-1895 --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804 --- Marx, Karl, - 1818-1883 --- Tolstoy, Leo, - graf, - 1828-1910 --- Clausewitz, Carl Philipp Gottfried von,