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Feminism --- Sex role in art --- Women in art --- Women --- Research

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Art historian Catherine McCormack challenges how culture teaches us to see and value women, their bodies, and their lives. Cultural archetypes have long been used to subjugate women, binding them within the restrictive roles of Venus, bride, wife, mother, and monster. These portrayals echo throughout the paintings and sculptures of western art -Titian, Botticelli, and Giambologna- and more contemporaneously in fashion photographs, ads, and across social media. By society empowering men to represent women, women imbibe a distorted vision of themselves and their bodies, coming up against notions of impossible beauty, idealized passivity and violence, and horrifying Medusas. In this impassioned work, art historian Catherine McCormack evaluates the production and display of portrayals of women, exposing the underlying meanings, whether overt or symbolic. She counters them by turning to women artists like Berthe Morisot, Beyoncé, Suzanne Lacy, and Faith Ringgold. These women have been overturning confining depictions of identity, sexuality, race, and power to explore the breadth and multiplicity of women's visions of their own lives.

Women in art --- Sex role in art --- Man-woman relationships --- Art and society

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Popular images of women were everywhere in revolutionary France. Although women's political participation was curtailed, female allegories of liberty, justice, and the republic played a crucial role in the passage from old regime to modern society. In her lavishly illustrated and gracefully written book, Joan B. Landes explores this paradox within the workings of revolutionary visual culture and traces the interaction between pictorial and textual political arguments. Landes highlights the widespread circulation of images of the female body, notwithstanding the political leadership's suspicions of the dangers of feminine influence and the seductions of visual imagery. The use of caricatures and allegories contributed to the destruction of the masculinized images of hierarchic absolutism and to forging new roles for men and women in both the intimate and public arenas. Landes tells the fascinating story of how the depiction of the nation as a desirable female body worked to eroticize patriotism and to bind male subjects to the nation-state. Despite their political subordination, women too were invited to identify with the project of nationalism. Recent views of the French Revolution have emphasized linguistic concerns; in contrast, Landes stresses the role of visual cognition in fashioning ideas of nationalism and citizenship. Her book demonstrates as well that the image is often a site of contestation, as individual viewers may respond to it in unexpected, even subversive, ways.

Human body --- Allegories. --- Sex role in art. --- Nationalism and art --- Art --- Art, French --- Symbolic aspects --- History --- Political aspects --- France --- Art and the revolution.

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Sex role in literature --- Sex role in art --- Gender identity in literature --- Gender identity in art --- English literature --- History --- History and criticism --- 1800-1899 --- Literature - General

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Arts, Colonial. --- Orientalism in art. --- Orientalism in literature. --- Sex role in art. --- Sex role in literature. --- Women in art. --- Women in literature. --- Arts, Colonial --- Orientalism in art --- Orientalism in literature --- Sex role in art --- Sex role in literature --- Women in art --- Women in literature --- Woman (Christian theology) in literature --- Women in drama --- Women in poetry --- Colonial arts