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Analysis of the world distribution of metal-rich subsea manganese nodules
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Year: 1983 Publisher: [Reston, Va.?] : United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey,

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USGS rock standards, III : Manganese nodule reference samples, USGS-Nod-A-1 and USGS-Nod-P-1
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Year: 1980 Publisher: Washington : United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey,

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Marine manganese deposits
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ISBN: 0444415246 9786611772314 1281772313 0080870511 9780444415240 9780080870519 Year: 1977 Volume: 15 Publisher: Amsterdam ; New York : New York : Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co. ; distributors for the U.S. and Canada, Elsevier/North-Holland,

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Marine Manganese Deposits


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Descriptive statistics and spatial distributions of geochemical variables associated with manganese oxide-rich phases in the northern Pacific
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Year: 1989 Publisher: [Reston, Va.] : [Washington, D.C.] : Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, United States Government Printing Office.

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Regional data of marine geology, geophysics, and manganese nodules : the Wake-Tahiti transect in the Central Pacific, January-March 1980 (GH80-1 Cruise)
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Year: 1982 Publisher: Ibaraki-ken Geological Survey of Japan

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Test No. 442B: Skin Sensitization : Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA or –FCM
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ISBN: 9789264090996 Year: 2018 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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The Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA (LLNA:BrdU-ELISA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph nodes. The method described in mouse  is based on the use of measuring 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) content, an analogue of thymidine, as an indicator of this proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a concurrent negative control group and a positive control group. The experimental schedule is during 6 days. Thereafter, the animals are killed and a single cell suspension of lymph node cells (LNC) is prepared. The procedure for preparing the LNC is crucial, in particular for the small lymph nodes in NC animals. Then the BrdU content in DNA of lymphocytes is measured by ELISA using a commercial kit of by Flow Cytometry (FCM). This study includes: measurements (weighing, BrdU) and clinical daily observations. The results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI) obtained by calculation from the mean BrdU labelling index. The SI should be ≥1.6 for the ELISA method or ≥2.7 for the FCM method for identifying the test material as a potential skin sensitizer.  


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Test No. 442A: Skin Sensitization : Local Lymph Node Assay: DA
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ISBN: 9789264090972 Year: 2010 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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The Local Lymph Node Assay: DA (LLNA: DA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph nodes. The method, described in mouse (CBA/J strain), is based on measurement of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content by bioluminescence as an indicator of this proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a concurrent negative control group and, if appropriate, a positive control group. The experimental schedule is during 8 days. The time from animal sacrifice to measurement of ATP should not exceed 30 min. The procedure from excision of lymph nodes to ATP measurement should be kept uniform for each animal and completed within 20 minutes. The luciferin/luciferase method is applied to measure the bioluminescence in Relative Luminescence Units (RLU). This study includes: measurements (weighing, RLU), and clinical daily observations. The results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI) obtained by calculation. The SI should be ¡Ý1.8 before further evaluation of the test material as a potential skin sensitizer is warranted.


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Multivariate clustering based on entropy
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Year: 1989 Publisher: [Reston, Va.] : [Washington, D.C.] : Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, United States Government Printing Office.

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The Indian Ocean nodule field : geology and resource potential
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ISBN: 9780444637628 0444637621 0128054743 9780128054741 Year: 2018 Publisher: Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier,

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The Indian Ocean Nodule Field: Geology and Resource Potential, Second Edition, provides a view of the most recent studies along with classical theories starting from the 1960s. New concepts, hypotheses and critical appreciation of the state-of-the-art knowledge on nodule formation and resource management are featured in this new edition. The economy of the Indian Ocean has vast potential and yet it is one of the least studied oceans. Garnering economic advantage out of mineral resources from deep oceans has been a long cherished dream for the mining community. The availability of 5-metal rich polymetallic (manganese) nodules in specific areas of the Indian Ocean has lured researchers to discover more about their processes of formation, growth, distribution and enrichment. Collates, discusses and succinctly presents voluminous and scattered information from various books and journals for easy understanding and disseminationFeatures two new chapters: statistical modeling of the formation, growth, distribution and metal enrichment of nodules; and biogeochemistry of the Central Indian Ocean BasinIncludes an assessment of Indian Ocean nodules, one of the least studied oceans in comparison to samples analyzed from the world's oceans.


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Metabolic Adjustments and Gene Expression Reprogramming for Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legume Nodules
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Year: 2020 Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

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