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This volume presents results of bilateral research project BeSyMPHONic (ÖAW/Univ. Toulouse) funded by ANR & FWF. Differences between the two languages with respect to the processing of morphonotactic (MPH) vs. phonotactic (PH) consonant clusters are shown for the first time, the linguistically challenging claim that differences between MPH and PH are also realized phonetically is refuted, and the importance of the relative morphological richness of a language is illustrated. Der Band zeigt Ergebnisse des von ANR & FWF geförderten, bilateralen Forschungsprojekts BeSyMPHONic (ÖAW/Univ. Toulouse). Unterschiede zwischen beiden Sprachen in Bezug auf die Verarbeitung morphonotaktischer (MPH) vs. phonotaktischer (PH) Konsonantengruppen werden erstmalig aufgezeigt, die sprachtheoretisch herausfordernde Behauptung, dass Unterschiede zwischen MPH und PH auch phonetisch realisiert werden, widerlegt, und die Wichtigkeit des relativen morphologischen Reichtums einer Sprache veranschaulicht.
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Das Nebeneinander von Dialekt und Standard in der Deutschschweiz bietet sehr interessante Rahmenbedingungen, um den Erwerb von sprachlicher Variation im Zweitsprachkontext genauer zu untersuchen. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt die vorliegende Studie die soziale Bedeutung von Sprachen und Varietäten und ihren Einfluss auf den Aufbau des sprachlichen Repertoires bei erwachsenen Lernenden mit verschiedenen Erstsprachen und mit variablen persönlichen und sozialen Rahmenbedingungen des Spracherwerbs in den Mittelpunkt. Sie untersucht, wie die Zweitsprachbenutzer/-innen mit der vorhandenen Dialekt-Standard-Variation im Input umgehen, inwieweit sie die beiden Codes in ihr Zweitsprachwissen integrieren und welche Haltungen gegenüber Dialekt und Standard sie aus der spezifischen Erwerbssituation heraus entwickeln. Insgesamt gibt die Arbeit zwar besonders Auskunft zum Deutscherwerb im Untersuchungsraum Schweiz, steht aber allgemeiner im Zusammenhang mit Fragen zur Sozioindexikalität von Sprache und Sprachvariation im Kontext des Zweitspracherwerbs.
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Der im Gefolge der Fluchtbewegungen ab 2015 entstandene Forschungsfokus Geflüchtete in der GAL e.V. adressiert Forschungserfordernisse rund um Deutscherwerb und Integration unter den spezifischen Bedingungen von Flucht und Migration. Die Beiträge nehmen gelingende Erwerbsprozesse des Deutschen - als eine zentrale Voraussetzung für Integration und Partizipation - in den Blick: von Sprachförderung, Übergangsmanagement, Heterogenität, bildungssprachlichen Kompetenzen bis hin zu positiven Projekterfahrungen, und zwar in verschiedensten Bereichen wie der Schule, der Universität, am Arbeitsplatz oder im Ehrenamt.
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Chinese immigrants who settle in Russia's Far East without formal instruction in the Russian language communicate with local Russians using Russian vocabulary. Each immigrant forms their language to communicate with Russians, not with family or other immigrants. The 'single-generation languages' that immigrants form are not replications or simplifications of Chinese or Russian. Grammatical systems formed by these speakers challenge some fundamental assumptions in early 21st-century linguistic theories. Grammatical systems of single-generation languages provide a unique window into how complex grammatical systems emerge, what are the first formal means of expression, and what are the first meanings expressed in grammatical systems. Given massive migrations in the contemporary world, single-generation languages are common, yet understudied, products of language contact.
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An up-to-date introduction to language acquisition for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students in linguistics and cognitive scienceExamples from a wide variety of languages including English, Chinese, Dutch, German, Kannada, Portuguese and Spanish A clear theoretical stance, adopting Chomskyan generative grammar as a framework Summary boxes, exercises and discussion questions at the end of each chapter to improve understanding, generate discussion and encourage reflection Appendices of research techniques and resources to aid further studyHelen Goodluck adopts Chomskyan generative grammar as a framework to guide students through the growth of language in a typically developing child. She presents competing viewpoints and introduces the central controversies in the field in order to give students the opportunity to evaluate and reflect on these in relation to the examples and data presented. Summary boxes, exercises, discussion questions, an appendix of research techniques and suggestions for further reading are also included to develop deeper understanding, generate reflective discussion and aid further study. Taking into consideration recent developments and advances in the field, coverage includes the acquisition of phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics, the nature of innate knowledge and learning mechanisms and new developments in performance mechanisms. Illustrated with examples from a wide variety of languages, this book presents an accessible and essential guide to first language acquisition.
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The book is distinguished from previous publications by focusing on assessment issues in the context of world Englishes. This topic is an important part of recent research in linguistics. This volume can be used as a source and reference for teachers and researchers in the field. It is valuable as it presents a number of case studies from different linguistic contexts. It provides insights into the use of new ways of assessment, and suggests some methods of assessment that should be used in multilingual settings to evaluate the different styles of learners with different local norms.
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The new edition of a comprehensive introduction to a rapidly developing field, combining developmental data with theory. How do children begin to use language? How does knowledge of language emerge in early infancy, and how does it grow? This textbook offers a comprehensive introduction to knowledge acquisition, drawing on empirical evidence and linguistic theory. The theoretical framework used is the generative theory of Universal Grammar; students should have some familiarity with concepts in linguistic research. Aimed at upper-level undergraduate and graduate students, the book offers end-of-chapter summaries, key words, study questions, and exercises. This second edition has been thoroughly updated, with new content throughout. It has been reorganized according to the three main components of language acquisition. The computational components and the interfaces are covered in chapters on structure building in the verbal and nominal domains, movement-derived structure, and the relation between syntax and semantics and semantic and pragmatic. The sensory motor interface is treated in chapters on infants' perception of language and on the acquisition of words. The intentional-conceptual interface is discussed in chapters on the acquisition of words. This edition features additional cross-linguistic content, a new focus on brain imaging findings and the motor aspect of language, new material on Williams and Down Syndromes and dyslexia, and a new chapter on bilingualism, early second language acquisition, and bimodalism. Revisions reflect the burgeoning research in the field. New pedagogical features include chapter outlines, summaries of chapters, hypotheses, and linguistic milestones; methodological information; explanatory boxes; and suggestions for further reading.
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Dependency is a fundamental concept in the analysis of linguistic systems. The many if-then statements offered in typology and grammar-writing imply a causally real notion of dependency that is central to the claim being made--usually with reference to widely varying timescales and types of processes. But despite the importance of the concept of dependency in our work, its nature is seldom defined or made explicit. This book brings together experts on language, representing descriptive linguistics, language typology, functional/cognitive linguistics, cognitive science, research on gesture and other semiotic systems, developmental psychology, psycholinguistics, and linguistic anthropology to address the following question: What kinds of dependencies exist among language-related systems, and how do we define and explain them in natural, causal terms?
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