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The FactsBooks Series has established itself as the best source of easily-accessible and accurate facts about protein groups. Described as "a growing series of excellent manuals" by 'Molecular Medicine Today', and "essential works of reference" by 'Trends in Biochemical Sciences', the FactsBooks have become the most popular comprehensive data resources available. Using an easy-to-follow format and drawing from meticulous research, the Factsbooks will keep you up-to-date with the latest advances in structure, amino acid sequences, physicochemical properties, and biological activity. The Gene Knockout FactsBook contains entries, grouped into subject disciplines, covering immunology, neurobiology, development, cancer, and other knockouts. It describes more than 600 gene knockouts described and listed in alphabetical order for easy reference. Key Features * Entries provide information on: * general description of the protein and its function * gene symbol and database accession number * knockout construct * mouse phenotype * key references

Human genetics --- Basic Sciences. Genetics --- Gene targeting --- Mice --- Mice, Knockout --- Proteins --- Transgenic mice --- Genetics (General). --- Genetics --- genetics --- Targeting, Gene --- Genetic engineering --- Transgenic animals

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The peroxiredoxin family was discovered approximately 30 years ago and is now recognized as one of the most important families of enzymes related to antioxidant defense and cellular signaling. Peroxiredoxin 6 shares the basic enzymatic functions that characterize this family, but also exhibits several unique and crucial activities. These include the ability to reduce phospholipid hydroperoxides, phospholipase A2 activity, and an acyl transferase activity that is important in phospholipid remodeling. This book describes the available models for investigating the unique functions of PRDX6 and its role in normal physiological function, as well its roles in the pathophysiology of diseases including cancer, diseases of the eye, and male fertility.

n/a --- NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase --- sperm capacitation --- phospholipid hydroperoxide --- cornea --- peroxidase --- phospholipase A2 --- 1-Cys Prdx --- knock-in mouse --- drug delivery --- antioxidant activity --- sulfinic acid --- radioprotection --- spermatozoa --- peroxiredoxin 6 --- mass spectroscopic analysis --- knockout mouse --- phospholipase A2 activity --- liposomes --- mitochondrial membrane potential --- lipid peroxidation --- PLA2 activity --- ionizing radiation --- glutathione peroxidase --- Peroxiredoxin --- Prdx6 structure --- membrane repair --- substrate binding --- inflammation --- reactive oxygen species --- Prdx6 --- sulfonic/sulfinic acid --- Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy --- endothelium --- fertilization --- peroxidatic cysteine --- thioredoxin fold --- redox balance --- surfactant protein A --- diabetes --- oxidative stress --- Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy

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Vegetable crops provide valuable minerals and vitamins that are indispensible for human health. Scientists have been working on the genetics of vegetable crops, deciphering the molecular bases of agronomically important traits. These genetic bases and variations in vegetable traits will greatly facilitate vegetable genetic improvement. Therefore, the genes of and genetic research on vegetable crops are of great importance. This Special Issue is a collection of 13 important research papers addressing the genes, genetics, and breeding of major vegetable crops. In the present book, the authors described the genes and QTLs responsible for stress tolerance, disease resistance, vegetable yield, and quality. The 13 research papers cover germplasm enhancement and evaluation, QTL mapping, gene isolation, marker development, and gene expression as well as gene editing in a wide range of vegetable species, including broccoli, pepper, eggplant, onion, and Cucurbita species. Readers from all over the globe are expected to greatly benefit from this Special Issue collection regarding their own work and the goal of improving breeding efficiency with molecular breeding to generate environment-adaptive, high-yield, and high-quality vegetable crops with which to feed the global population of 9.7 billion in an extreme climate by 2050.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Technology, engineering, agriculture --- pepper --- Capsicum annuum --- Phytophthora capsici --- high-density genetic map --- QTL --- Capcicum annuum L. --- RNA-Seq --- nitrogen-use efficiency --- low-nitrogen tolerance --- CaHSP18.1a --- gene silencing --- transgenic Arabidopsis --- heat stress --- gene expression --- pumpkin --- simple sequence repeat (SSR) --- syntenic relationship --- cross-species markers --- population structure --- eggplant --- heat shock factor (Hsf) --- heat shock protein (Hsp) --- thermotolerance --- C. frutescens --- SSR --- germplasm --- genetic diversity --- CRISPR/Cas --- gene knockout --- genome editing --- germplasm resource --- precision editing --- regulatory framework --- trait improvement --- Brassica oleracea --- broccoli --- candidate gene --- anthocyanin --- allelochemicals --- VOCs properties --- VOCs action --- VOCs detection --- green agriculture --- progress --- genetic researches --- molecular breeding --- transcriptomics --- transcription factor --- heritability --- genetic advance --- multi-trait selection --- principal component analysis --- HRM --- molecular marker --- phylogenetic analysis --- RNA sequencing --- SCAR --- SNP --- n/a

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The adult vertebrate central nervous system mainly consists of neurons, astrocytes, microglia cells, and oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells of the CNS, are subjected to cell stress and subsequent death in a number of metabolic or inflammatory disorders, among which multiple sclerosis (MS) is included. This disease is associated with the development of large demyelinated plaques, oligodendrocyte destruction, and axonal degeneration, paralleled by the activation of astrocytes and microglia as well as the recruitment of peripheral immune cells to the site of tissue injury. Of note, viable oligodendrocytes and an intact myelin sheath are indispensable for neuronal health. For example, it has been shown that oligodendrocytes provide nutritional support to neurons, fast axonal transport depends on proper oligodendrocyte function, and mice deficient in mature myelin proteins eventually display severe neurodegeneration. This Special Issue contains a collection of highly relevant primary research articles as well as review articles focusing on the development, physiology, and pathology of the oligodendrocyte–axon–myelin unit.

plasma membrane proteins --- liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry --- murine acute brain slices --- reproducibility --- rat cerebellum --- Nsun5 --- Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) --- corpus callosum (CC) --- oligodendrocyte (OL) --- myelination --- remyelination --- EGFR inhibitor --- smoothened agonist --- microfibers --- drug screening --- multiple sclerosis --- cuprizone --- atrophy --- design-based stereology --- 18F-FDG --- macromolecular proton fraction --- MPF --- myelin --- magnetic resonance imaging --- cuprizone model --- demyelination --- oligodendrocyte precursors --- oligodendrocytes --- immunohistochemistry --- oligodendrocyte --- epigenetics --- neurodegeneration --- laquinimod --- energy drinks --- caffeine --- taurine --- neuron --- OPC --- oligodendrocyte progenitor cells --- screening --- nanofibers --- DigiGait™ --- experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis --- gait analysis --- schizophrenia --- interneuron --- pluripotent stem cells --- cognition --- treatment --- cre-recombinase --- experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) --- glial progenitor cells --- tamoxifen --- down syndrome --- white matter --- glial fate --- transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 --- astrocyte --- conditional knockout --- astrocytes --- white matter disease --- cross-talk --- CNS --- glial cells. --- age --- microglia --- n/a

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Phospholipases are a ubiquitous group of enzymes that hydrolyze ester bonds within membrane phospholipids. These enzymes serve multiple biological functions that go far beyond a mere membrane remodeling role in cellular homeostasis; they also play key functions in nutrient digestion and the regulated formation of bioactive lipids involved in cell signaling. It is to the latter function, critical to life, that this book is primarily concerned with. All the chapters are written by renowned experts in the area, and provide forefront information on the role phospholipases in a number of physiological and pathophysiological settings.

inhibitor --- metabolic stability --- α-methylation --- oxoesters --- phospholipase A2 --- adrenic acid --- arachidonic acid --- mass spectrometry --- lipid signaling --- inflammation --- monocytes/macrophages --- crotoxin --- snake venom --- lung impairment --- inflammatory response --- lipid mediators --- neuromuscular blocker --- lipidomics --- PAP-2 --- autotaxin --- lysophosphatidate --- G protein-coupled receptor --- PLA2G6 --- fatty liver --- phospholipid remodeling --- diet-induced obesity --- morbidly obesity --- choline and methionine deficiency --- glioblastoma --- sphingolipid --- sphingosine-1-phosphate --- sphingomyelinase --- sphingomyelin --- metastasis --- phosphatidic acid --- diacylglycerol --- lipin --- signaling --- cPLA2α --- psoriasis --- proliferation --- anti-inflammatory --- atherosclerosis --- phospholipases --- macrophages --- T cells --- lipins --- pancreatic islets --- β-cells --- insulin secretion --- glucose tolerance --- insulin resistance --- group VIA phospholipase A2 --- fatty acid --- knockout mouse --- lipid mediator --- lysophospholipid --- membrane --- phospholipid --- ceramide --- acidic sphingomyelinase --- neutral sphingomyelinase --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis --- preadipocytes --- prostaglandins --- adipokines --- cytokines --- EP receptors --- Group V phospholipase A2 --- lipids --- majeed syndrome --- LPIN2 --- LIPIN2 --- chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis --- chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis --- autoinflammatory --- inflammasome --- macrophage --- osteoclast --- n/a