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Gene silencing --- RNA --- Gene Silencing. --- RNA Interference.

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Epigenetics. --- Gene silencing. --- Gene inactivation --- Inactivation, Gene --- Silencing, Gene --- Genetic regulation --- Genetics

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Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders affecting the central nervous system. Despite significant differences in their causes, neuropathological abnormalities, and clinical outcomes, some similarities can be found among them, as for example: 1) frequent aggregation and deposition of misfolded proteins, 2) common molecular mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration, and 3) certain overlap in symptoms and clinical features. To date, there is no cure that could stop or delay the progression of these diseases. The advent of advanced gene therapy techniques such as gene silencing and gene editing opened a new avenue for the development of therapeutic strategies for NDs. The discovery of the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism, in 1998, by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello allowed an important boost to the gene therapy field, providing a potential therapeutic strategy to treat inherited dominant genetic disorders. The use of small RNA sequences to control the expression of disease-causing genes rapidly implemented in the preclinical studies for different diseases. In the field of NDs, several successful studies using this technology proved its potential as a therapeutic option. However, issues like the type of delivery system (non-viral versus viral) or the potential toxicity of the small RNA molecules, made the translation of gene silencing therapeutics to human application very slow and difficult. Recently, a new hope in the gene therapy field emerged with the development of gene editing techniques like TALENs or CRISPR/Cas9 systems. The opportunity of editing or deleting gene sequences drove the scientific community euphoric, with an enormous increase in the number of published studies using this type of techniques. Recently, the first clinical trial using one of these systems was approved in China. For NDs, gene-editing technology also represents an important therapeutic option, and the first preclinical studies are now being published, showing the potential accomplishment for this technology.

Gene silencing --- Long non-coding RNAs --- RNA interference --- Neurodegenerative diseases --- CRISPR/Cas9 --- Neurodegeneration --- Gene editing --- Antisense oligonucleotides --- Neuroinflammation --- iPS cells

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From the early days when RNA interference was a strange artifact in worms to the 2006 Noble Prize received by Fire and Mello and the current clinical trials, the field of RNA interference has grown at a breakneck pace. In RNA Interference: From Biology to Clinical Applications, expert contributors provide an overview of the most current science and protocols that span the biological disciplines from detailed nucleic acid chemistry, to pharmacology, to the manipulation of signal transduction pathways. Divided into three distinct sections, this volume delves into the physiology of RNA interference, RNA interference in the laboratory and siRNA delivery, and preclinical and clinical issues associated with the use of RNAi-inducing agents as drugs in order to stimulate new questions and offer the tools necessary to start addressing those questions. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and inspiring, RNA Interference: From Biology to Clinical Applications aims to promote and motivate innovation by reviewing what has been done, providing details of how it has been done, and encouraging speculation on what the future may hold.

RNA editing --- Small interfering RNA --- Gene silencing --- RNA Interference --- Gene Silencing --- Epigenesis, Genetic --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Genetic Processes --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Animal Biochemistry --- Genetics --- Biology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Gene Silencing. --- RNA Interference. --- RNA editing. --- Gene silencing. --- ARN --- Inactivation génétique --- Edition --- Genetic Concepts --- Genetic Phenomenon --- Genetic Process --- Concept, Genetic --- Concepts, Genetic --- Genetic Concept --- Phenomena, Genetic --- Phenomenon, Genetic --- Process, Genetic --- Processes, Genetic --- Expression Regulation, Gene --- Regulation, Gene Action --- Regulation, Gene Expression --- Gene Action Regulation --- Regulation of Gene Expression --- Epigenetic Process --- Epigenetics Processes --- Epigenetic Processes --- Genetic Epigenesis --- Process, Epigenetic --- Processes, Epigenetic --- Processes, Epigenetics --- Gene Inactivation --- Inactivation, Gene --- Silencing, Gene --- Co-Suppression --- Cosuppression --- Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing --- RNA Silencing --- RNAi --- Gene Silencing, Post-Transcriptional --- Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing --- Co Suppression --- Gene Silencing, Post Transcriptional --- Gene Silencing, Posttranscriptional --- Gene Silencings, Posttranscriptional --- Interference, RNA --- Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing --- Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencings --- Silencing, Post-Transcriptional Gene --- Gene inactivation --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Editing, RNA --- Messenger RNA editing --- mRNA editing --- Immunology. --- Medical laboratories. --- Laboratory Medicine. --- Diagnosis, Laboratory --- Health facilities --- Laboratories --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Medicine --- Biomedical Research. --- Biological research --- Biomedical research --- Health Workforce --- Research.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Ornamental plant --- Functional Genomics --- flower development --- flower scent --- flower color and shape --- Agrobacterium-mediated transformation --- VIGS (Virus-induced gene-silencing) --- RNA-Seq --- CAM --- Protoplast transformation