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The richly illustrated book presents a concise history of the development of the coinage of the early Arab caliphate in the seventh century, tracing its transition, from coins that closely resembled Byzantine issues with imperial images, to purely aniconic specimens with inscriptions in Arabic. This so-called Arab-Byzantine series sheds light on a pivotal period in the history of Syria, Palestine, and Egypt, as formerly Byzantine provinces were slowly Arabicized and Islamicized following the Arab conquests of the 630s and 640s. The historical introduction, which includes descriptions of all the basic types, is followed by a catalogue of the collection of Arab-Byzantine coins at Dumbarton Oaks, published here for the first time

Coins, Arab --- Coins, Byzantine --- Dumbarton Oaks --- Dumbarton Oaks research library and collection --- Byzantine coins --- Arab coins --- Harvard University. --- Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection --- Dumbarton Oaks Research Library & Collection --- Dumbarton Oaks Research Library --- Robert Woods Bliss Collection of Pre-Columbian Art --- Coins, Arab - Syria --- Coins, Arab - Egypt --- Coins, Byzantine - Syria --- Coins, Byzantine - Egypt --- Coins, Arab - Catalogs --- Coins, Byzantine - Catalogs --- Monnaies arabes --- Monnaies byzantines --- Dumbarton Oaks research library and collection (Washington, D.C.) --- Syrie --- Égypte

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Tondi --- Tondi --- Sculpture, Byzantine --- Emperors --- Portraits, Byzantine --- Emperors in art --- Portraits --- Dumbarton Oaks --- Art collections.

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The purpose of the study is the analysis of numismatic sources by relating monetary discoveries to the historic phenomena and processes in the 6th-10th centuries, which took place in both Byzantium and the Carpathian-Dniester regions. The study objectives are to update the repertoire of individual numismatic discoveries and monetary hoards; to file numismatic discoveries; to establish concentration zones and insight processes; to determine the evolution and fluctuation of Byzantine coins according to their issuers, value rate, production shops and to delimit certain chronological stages of minimal and maximum intensity. The research sources are the Byzantine coins from the 6th-10th centuries attested in the Carpathian-Dniester regions. As a rule, the coins represent accidental discoveries either detached or grouped in hoards. In this study a sample of 582 Byzantine coins produced from the reigns of Anastasias I (491-518) to Basil II (976-1025) is catalogued, among which the place of discovery and issue are known for 189 coins, 20 coins are of unknown issue, 48 coins are of unknown place of discovery and 325 coins are from hoards. The coins from the reign of Basil II are included only to observe the situation from the late 10th century – early 11th century. The research period. Chronologically, the study embraces the second half of the 1st millennium, a period that can be divided in two distinct phases, on the basis of which our sample is constructed: the 6th-7th and the 8th-10th centuries. The work includes Byzantine coins starting with the monetary reform of Anastasias I (491-518) and extending until the reign of Basil II (976-1025). In this period of time, 39 emperors from five dynasties (Justinian, Heraclian, Isaurian, Amorian and Macedonian) sat on the Byzantine throne. Their reigns lasted from several months to several decades.

History --- Economic history --- Middle Ages --- Dumbarton Oaks --- Carpathian Mountains Region --- Dniester River Region (Ukraine and Moldova) --- Antiquities, Byzantine.

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Art objects, Medieval --- -Art objects, Byzantine --- -Art objects, Early Christian --- -Art objects --- -Catalogs --- Catalogs --- Catalogs --- Catalogs --- Dumbarton Oaks.

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Founded by Constantine the Great, rebuilt by Justinian, and redecorated in the ninth, tenth and twelfth centuries, the church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople was the mausoleum of emperors, patriarchs, and saints. It was also a key station in the ceremonies of the city, the site of an important school, a major inspiration for apostolic literature, and briefly the home of the patriarch. Despite its importance, the church no longer exists, replaced by the mosque of Mehmet II after the fall of the city to the Ottomans. Today it is remembered primarily from two important middle Byzantine ekphraseis, which celebrate its beauty and importance, as well as from architectural copies and manuscript illustrations. Scholars have long puzzled over its appearance, as well as its importance to the Byzantines. Anxious to reconstruct the building and its place in the empire, an early collaborative project of Dumbarton Oaks brought together a philologist, an art historian and an architectural historian in the 1940s and 1950s to reconstruct their own version of the Holy Apostles. Never fully realized, their efforts remained unpublished. The essays in this volume reconsider their project from a variety of vantage points, while illuminating differences of approach seventy years later, to arrive at a twenty-first century synthesis.

Church buildings --- Church architecture --- Architectural rendering --- Architecture, Byzantine --- Byzantine architecture --- Byzantine revival (Architecture) --- Architectural renderings --- Rendering, Architectural --- Architectural drawing --- Architecture --- Ecclesiastical architecture --- Rood-lofts --- Christian art and symbolism --- Religious architecture --- Architecture, Gothic --- Churches --- Buildings --- Church facilities --- Hagioi Apostoloi (Church : Istanbul, Turkey) --- Dumbarton Oaks --- Harvard University. --- Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection --- Dumbarton Oaks Research Library & Collection --- Dumbarton Oaks Research Library --- Robert Woods Bliss Collection of Pre-Columbian Art --- Holy Apostles (Church : Istanbul, Turkey) --- Apostelkirche (Istanbul, Turkey) --- Saints Apôtres (Church : Istanbul, Turkey) --- Istanbul. --- Istanbul (Turkey). --- Church of the Holy Apostles (Istanbul, Turkey) --- Church of the Apostles (Istanbul, Turkey) --- Church of the Apostles (Constantinople) --- Khramʺ Svi︠a︡tykhʺ apostolovʺ (Konstantinopolʹ) --- History --- Istanbul (Turkey) --- Stamboul (Turkey) --- Stampōl (Turkey) --- Stambul (Turkey) --- Stěmpol (Turkey) --- T︠S︡arigrad (Turkey) --- Istāmbūl (Turkey) --- T︠S︡arʹgrad (Turkey) --- Āsitānah (Turkey) --- Ḳushṭa (Turkey) --- İstanbul Büyük Şehir Belediyesi (Turkey) --- Greater Istanbul Municipality (Turkey) --- İstanbul Anakent Belediyesi (Turkey) --- İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi (Turkey) --- Polē (Turkey) --- Estambul (Turkey) --- Baladīyat Isṭānbūl (Turkey) --- Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (Turkey) --- Constantinople --- Buildings, structures, etc. --- Conferences - Meetings --- Saints-Apôtres (Constantinople)