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Billions of dollars and millions of people are involved in disaster relief, yet catastrophes around the world continue to take a huge toll in human lives and treasure. This book covers the response to disasters. It covers issues in both historical and contemporary context, with information on disaster relief around the world.
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The extent to which wages rise with the accumulation of seniority(tenure) in a firm after one controls for total labor market experience is a fundamental question about the structure of earnings. A variety of studies have found a large, positive partial effect of tenure on wages. This paper re-examines the evidence using a simple instrumental variables scheme to deal with well known estimation biases which arise from the fact that tenure is likely to be related to unobserved individual and job characteristics affecting the wage. We use the variation of tenure over a given job match as the principal instrumental variable for tenure. The variation intenure over the job, in contrast to variation in tenure across individuals and jobs, is uncorrelated by construction with the fixed individual specific and job match specific components of the error term of the wage equation. Our main findingis that the partial effect of tenure on wages is small, and that general labor market experience and job shopping in the labor market account for most wage growth over a career. The strong cross section relationship between tenure and wages is due primarily to heterogeneity bias.
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This book collects together 46 papers presented at the Third Biennial Conference of i-Rec, International Group for the Diffusion of Research and Information on Post-Disaster Reconstruction. The various sections of the book cover the technical and administrative aspects of housing and other buildings after disaster. The approach to post-disaster shelter and reconstruction exemplified by this volume is fully interdisciplinary. A very wide range of perspectives is covered, including the disciplines and sub-disciplines of seismic and structural engineering, architecture, applied geography and geology, environmental psychology, paediatrics, development studies, economics, medicine and public health, management studies and political science. The volume is also intended to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the floods that severely damaged Florence in 1966 and did terrible damage to priceless art treasures.
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Food stamps --- Disaster relief --- Disaster victims --- Hurricanes
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