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An in-depth resource addressing the ecology of Clostridium botulinum which affects the degree of food contamination, and its control in various foods. The text summarizes worldwide data on this organism in food and the environment and the principles of its control in specific foods and products.
Botulism. --- Clostridium botulinum. --- Food --- Microbiology. --- Sanitary microbiology --- Clostridium --- Clostridium diseases --- Food poisoning --- Bacteriology
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Botulinum toxin. --- Botox (Trademark) --- Botulin --- Botulinismus toxin --- Botulinum neurotoxin --- Botulinus toxin --- Clostridium botulinum toxin --- Bacterial toxins --- Neurotoxic agents
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The transmission route used by many bacterial pathogens of clinical importance includes a step outside the host; thereafter refer to as the non-clinical environment. Obvious examples include food-borne and water-borne pathogens and also pathogens that are transmitted by hands or aerosols. In the non-clinical environment, pathogens have to cope with the presence of toxic compounds, sub-optimal temperature, starvation, presence of competitors and predators. In addition to virulence factors, pathogens must have genetic factors directed at resisting harmful conditions in the non-clinical environment. Many intracellular pathogens, such as Legionella, Salmonella, Yersinia and Mycobacterium, have the ability to infect and replicates inside amoeba, once outside the mammalian host, while other produce spores, such as Bacillus and Clostridium, or enter a viable but non-culturable state (VBNC) or other form of persistence state. For the pathogen, a genetic dilemma arises between the necessity to survive outside the host and the need to cope with the host defenses and establish an infection; however this dilemma is relieved when the virulence factors also mediate survival in the non-clinical environment as well. Many virulence factors used by pathogens to infect mammalian hosts are useful in the non-clinical environment, including type 3 and type 4 secretion systems, toxins, iron chelating systems and others. Those systems are used to counteract predation by amoeba and invertebrates and acquire iron in the highly competitive non-clinical environment. Therefore, many of the virulence systems used in the mammalian host context are also of importance outside of it and a better understanding of these system and their associated benefit is likely to provide a better understanding of the evolutionary pathway leading to virulence. Furthermore, genetic systems mediating persistence in the non-clinical environment are involved in the establishment of chronic infection. In addition, for many pathogens that are transmitted to the mammalian host from the external environment, high survival and replication in the non-clinical environment mean a better chance to successfully be transmitted to the host and to colonize it. Better knowledge of the ecology of bacterial pathogens in the non-clinical environment is likely to result in a better control of transmission routes and a decrease in the burden of infectious diseases. The primary goal of this research topic is to provide the reader with an overview of the strategy used by bacterial pathogens to survive and replicate outside the host and to present some of the latest research on the relationship between non-clinical environment and bacterial pathogens.
Biology. --- Microbiology. --- Immunology. --- Persistence --- Clostridium botulinum --- Listeria --- Escherichia coli --- Biofilm --- packaging --- Legionella --- Viable but non culturable --- Pseudomonas --- protozoa
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"Botulinum Neurotoxin: A Guide to Motor Point Injections identifies the correct motor points for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections for non-cosmetic purposes such as muscle dystonia, muscle spasticity, teeth grinding, or drooling. Dr. Chong-Tae Kim expertly guides readers through the efficient blocking of neurotransmitters using BoNT, identifying target muscles and clearly demonstrating how to identify optimal insertion points"--Publisher's description.
Botulinum toxin --- Botulinum Toxins --- Therapeutic use. --- therapeutic use. --- Administration. --- administration & dosage. --- Botox (Trademark) --- Botulin --- Botulinismus toxin --- Botulinum neurotoxin --- Botulinus toxin --- Clostridium botulinum toxin --- Bacterial toxins --- Neurotoxic agents
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Botulinum toxin --- Neurotoxic agents --- Microbiological assay --- Microbiological assay. --- Toxicity testing --- Assay, Microbiological --- Microbial assay --- Biological assay --- Neuropoisons --- Neurotoxicants --- Neurotoxins --- Poisons --- Botox (Trademark) --- Botulin --- Botulinismus toxin --- Botulinum neurotoxin --- Botulinus toxin --- Clostridium botulinum toxin --- Bacterial toxins --- Toxines botuliniques --- Dosage microbiologique --- Toxicité
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579.678 --- 579.852.13 --- Botulism --- Clostridium botulinum --- Food --- -Foods --- Dinners and dining --- Home economics --- Table --- Cooking --- Diet --- Dietaries --- Gastronomy --- Nutrition --- Clostridium --- Clostridium diseases --- Food poisoning --- Control of bacteria in foods --- Microbiology --- Botulism. --- Clostridium botulinum. --- Agrotechnology and Food Sciences. Food Sciences --- Microbiology. --- Food Microbiology --- Food Microbiology. --- -Control of bacteria in foods --- -579.678 Control of bacteria in foods --- Foods --- 579.852.13 Clostridium --- 579.678 Control of bacteria in foods --- Sanitary microbiology --- Bacteriology
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Provides an overview of the use of botulinum toxin A in aesthetic medicine, including patient selection and evaluation, as well as rules and requirements. This book provides information for common indications such as forehead and glabella, lateral brow lift, crow's feet and lower eyelid, bunny lines and marionette lines, nasolabial folds and more.
Botulinum toxin. --- Botox (Trademark) --- Botulin --- Botulinismus toxin --- Botulinum neurotoxin --- Botulinus toxin --- Clostridium botulinum toxin --- Bacterial toxins --- Neurotoxic agents --- Dermatology. --- Surgery. --- Otorhinolaryngology. --- Ophthalmology. --- Plastic Surgery. --- General Surgery. --- Ear, nose, and throat diseases --- ENT diseases --- Otorhinolaryngology --- Medicine --- Surgery, Primitive --- Skin --- Eye --- Diseases --- Plastic surgery. --- Aesthetic surgery --- Cosmetic surgery --- Plastic surgery --- Reconstructive surgery --- Surgery, Aesthetic --- Surgery, Cosmetic --- Surgery, Reconstructive --- Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Plastic surgeons
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Currently, there are tremendous advances being made in understanding the basic science of both the structure and function of botulinum neurotoxins. This knowledge is opening up opportunities in regard to both therapeutic uses and treatment and protection options for civil and bio-defense applications. This volume fully evaluates the status of neurotoxin research and exploitation, with a focus on clinical application. The book is a multi-authored collection of chapters written by the leading authorities responsible for the current scientific and clinical research that is advancing the understanding and exploitation of the neurotoxins, and is both up to date and authoritative.
Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biophysics --- Botulinum toxin. --- Botox (Trademark) --- Botulin --- Botulinismus toxin --- Botulinum neurotoxin --- Botulinus toxin --- Clostridium botulinum toxin --- Medicine. --- Molecular biology. --- Neurosciences. --- Pharmacology. --- Biomedicine. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Biomedicine general. --- Bacterial toxins --- Neurotoxic agents --- Toxicology. --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Toxicology --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general. --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Physiological effect
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Currently, there are tremendous advances being made in understanding the basic science of both the structure and function of botulinum neurotoxins. This knowledge is opening up opportunities in regard to both therapeutic uses and treatment and protection options for civil and bio-defense applications. This volume fully evaluates the status of neurotoxin research and exploitation. The book is a multi-authored collection of chapters written by the leading authorities responsible for the current scientific and clinical research that is advancing the understanding and exploitation of the neurotoxins, and is both up to date and authoritative.
Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biophysics --- Botulinum toxin. --- Botulinum toxin --- Molecular aspects. --- Research. --- Botox (Trademark) --- Botulin --- Botulinismus toxin --- Botulinum neurotoxin --- Botulinus toxin --- Clostridium botulinum toxin --- Medicine. --- Molecular biology. --- Pharmacology. --- Neurology. --- Biomedicine. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Biomedicine general. --- Bacterial toxins --- Neurotoxic agents --- Toxicology. --- Medicine --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Chemicals --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Diseases --- Toxicology --- Health Workforce --- Neurology . --- Biomedicine, general. --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Physiological effect --- Biomedical Research. --- Biological research --- Biomedical research
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The minimally invasive use of botulinum toxin (BoNT) in the lower urinary tract has revolutionized the treatment of debilitating bladder, urethra, and prostate conditions refractory to conventional therapy. This is the first book focusing on the practical application of BoNT to the genitourinary tract. An introductory section discusses the biology, pharmacology, and safety of BoNT in the lower urinary tract. Applications of BoNT in the bladder and the prostate and pelvic floor are then covered in detail, with reviews of the latest clinical series and techniques of BoNT injection in both adults and children. The book closes by considering non-genitourinary uses of BoNT and addressing issues of health economics as well as providing insights from experts from across the world. This is a practical, hands-on book that also includes appendices containing easy to read instructions for patients undergoing bladder and prostate BoNT injections and specific nursing procedural issues. The book is written in a concise, uniform, and clinically relevant style by two leading pioneers in the field, Drs. Michael Chancellor and Christopher Smith, who were the first to undertake comprehensive basic research into the mechanisms underlying the efficacy and potential uses of BoNT within the lower urinary tract. Botulinum Toxin in Urology will be of interest to all urologists and urogynecologists who are considering the use of BoNT in their practice. .
Botulinum toxin -- Therapeutic use. --- Female Urogenital Diseases. --- Genitourinary organs -- Diseases -- Treatment. --- Pain -- Chemotherapy. --- Urology. --- Urology --- Metalloendopeptidases --- Female Urogenital Diseases --- Male Urogenital Diseases --- Bacterial Toxins --- Bacterial Proteins --- Diseases --- Metalloproteases --- Toxins, Biological --- Proteins --- Endopeptidases --- Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Biological Factors --- Peptide Hydrolases --- Hydrolases --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Enzymes --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Urologic Diseases --- Botulinum Toxins --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Urology & Nephrology --- Botulinum toxin. --- Botox (Trademark) --- Botulin --- Botulinismus toxin --- Botulinum neurotoxin --- Botulinus toxin --- Clostridium botulinum toxin --- Medicine. --- Gynecology. --- Neurology. --- Rehabilitation medicine. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Rehabilitation Medicine. --- Genitourinary organs --- Bacterial toxins --- Neurotoxic agents --- Rehabilitation. --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Gynaecology --- Generative organs, Female --- Gynecology . --- Neurology . --- Medicine, Rehabilitation --- Rehabilitation medicine --- Rehabilitation --- Medicine, Physical --- Medical care. --- Health Care. --- Delivery of health care --- Delivery of medical care --- Health care --- Health care delivery --- Health services --- Healthcare --- Medical and health care industry --- Medical services --- Personal health services --- Public health
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