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chemische analyse --- organometallische verbindingen --- Chemical characterization --- IR --- Magnetic susceptibility --- Microwave --- Mössbauer --- NMR --- X-ray diffraction --- Chemical characterization. --- ESR. --- IR. --- Magnetic susceptibility. --- Microwave. --- Mössbauer. --- NMR. --- X-ray diffraction. --- Mass spectrometry. --- Organometallic compounds --- Analysis.
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The food processing industries produce millions of tons of losses and waste during processing, which are becoming a grave economic, environmental, and nutritional problem. Fruit, vegetable, and food industrial solid waste include leaves, peels, pomace, skins, rinds pulp, stems, seeds, twigs, and spoiled fruits and vegetables, among other waste released in food production, which can be formed during cleaning, processing, cooking, and/or packaging. These wastes are characterized by being an important source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, vitamins, carotenoids, pigments, and oils, among others. These bioactive compounds are closely associated with beneficial effects on human health. These by-products can be exploited in different industries: in food industries for the development of functional ingredients and/or new foods or natural additives; in pharmaceutical industries for medicinal, healthcare, or cosmetic products; in agricultural industries as fertilizers or animal feed; and in chemical industries, among others. The reutilization of these by-products will ensure the sustainable development of food industries and reduce their environmental impact, which will contribute to the fight against environmental problems, leading to potential mitigation of climatic change. Therefore, the determination of bioactive compound composition in agricultural and food waste and the production of extracts containing these compounds is the first step towards its reutilization.
Research. --- Biology. --- Food --- Social aspects. --- Natural red pigment --- Monascus purpureus --- Brewer’s spent grain --- Submerged fermentation --- Plackett-Burman design --- Chemical characterization --- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) --- Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) --- Cucumis melo --- polyphenols --- flavonoids --- antioxidants --- by-products --- waste valorization --- LC-MS/MS --- fatty acids --- antioxidant activity --- reutilization of food waste --- salted egg white --- ovalbumin --- extraction --- aqueous two-phase flotation --- cork --- volatile compounds --- aroma --- waste --- bioactive compounds --- food waste --- functional foods --- characterization and extraction --- phytochemicals --- climatic change --- phenolic compounds
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The large production and widespread daily consumption of plastic materials which began in the last century, together with the often inadequate collection and recycling systems, have made plastics and, consequently, microplastics (MPs) ubiquitous pollutants. Microplastic pollution as a global concern is confirmed by the research papers collected in this Special Issue; these papers come from 28 Universities and research institutions and are spread across ten countries on three continents. This Special Issue collected and published 11 novel contributions focusing on microplastics in aquatic environments, their occurrence and distribution, and the effects they might have on the environment and biota. As Guest Editors of this Special Issue, we were pleased to receive several papers concerning the interaction between microplastics and biota; despite a large number of peer-reviewed papers published on this research topic, there are still several gaps that need to be filled and there is concrete evidence suggesting that microplastic pollution may constitute a serious hazard to aquatic biota. The results of the contributions collected herein have helped to fill some knowledge gaps about the occurrence, distribution, and effects of microplastics on aquatic ecosystems. The outcomes clearly indicate that microplastic pollution is a serious environmental issue; the scientific community should increase its knowledge and understanding of how it could affect the environment, biota, and humans, and how it could be reduced and prevented.
Medicine --- Medical toxicology --- source --- fate --- bacterial degradation --- marine environment --- microplastics --- microplastic pollutant --- polystyrene --- biodegradation --- microalgae --- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances --- Muskegon Lake --- plastics --- riverine --- coastal --- estuary --- characteristics --- pollution --- population growth rate --- polyamide --- silica beads --- fitness response --- rotifers --- Brachionus fernandoi --- Brachionus calyciflorus --- egg ratio --- polystyrene microplastics --- size-dependent uptake --- vectors --- cadmium --- benzo(a)pyrene --- mussels --- invasive macroalgae --- bivalves --- marine debris --- oxidative stress --- energy balance --- byssus production --- microplastic --- grass carp --- size --- accumulation --- re-consumption --- shape --- colour --- polymer type --- blackfly larvae --- freshwaters --- Simuliidae --- additives --- plasticizers --- fibers --- cellulose --- Mediterranean Sea --- chemical characterization --- environmental pollution --- biota contamination --- n/a
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This Special Issue of Marine Drugs gathers recent investigations on the proteomes, metabolomes, transcriptomes, and the associated microbiomes of marine jellyfish and polyps, including bioactivity studies of their compounds and more generally, on their biotechnological potential, witnessing the increasingly recognized importance of Cnidaria as a largely untapped Blue Growth resource for new drug discovery. These researches evoke the outstanding ecological importance of cnidarians in marine ecosystems worldwide, calling for a global monitoring and conservation of marine biodiversity, so that the biotechnological exploitation of marine living resources will be carried out to conserve and sustainably use the natural capital of the oceans.
cnidarian --- sea anemone --- proteins --- toxins --- two-dimensional gel electrophoresis --- MALDI-TOF/TOF --- shotgun proteomic --- Zoanthidea --- holo-transcriptome --- cnidarian transcriptome --- marine enzyme --- marine biocatalyst --- marine biotechnology --- pharmaceutical biotechnology --- anthozoa --- microbial communities --- cnidarian holobiont --- zooxanthellae --- bleaching --- antibacterial activity --- jellyfish --- Aurelia coerulea --- mucus --- proteomics --- metabolomics --- cnidarians --- gelatinous zooplankton --- bioprospecting --- novel foods --- transcriptomics --- bio-prospecting --- computational biology --- neurotoxins --- NMR spectroscopy --- biochemical characterization --- jellyfish blooms --- Cnidaria --- Ctenophora --- biodiversity --- bioactive compounds --- blue biotechnology --- invertebrate proteins --- biological activity --- antioxidants --- collagen --- pepsin hydrolysis --- collagenase hydrolysis --- oxidative stress --- keratinocytes --- cytotoxicity --- Easter Island --- Actinobacteria --- anthraquinones --- symbionts --- marine invertebrates --- spectroscopy --- chromatography --- Pelagia noctiluca --- Mediterranean jellyfish --- chemical characterization --- aquafeed and food supplements --- sustainable fishing
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Lignans are a class of natural products found mainly in plants. They have a wide variety of structures and exhibit a range of potent biological activities. Lignans are also well-known components of a number of widely eaten foods and are frequently studied for their dietary impact. Owing to these factors, lignans have been extensively studied by scientists from a large number of disciplines. This collection of research and review articles describes topics ranging in scope from the recent isolation and structural elucidation of new lignans, strategies towards the chemical synthesis of lignans, assessment of their biological activities and potential for further therapeutic development. Research showing the impact of lignans in the food and agricultural industries is also presented.
taste-active compound --- heilaohu --- 9-norlignans --- antioxidant activity --- drug-like --- human health --- chemometrics --- lignan --- bitterness --- red-flowered Chinese magnolia vine --- antioxidant --- ruminant --- secoisolariciresinol diglucoside --- quantification --- intermolecular interactions --- cattle --- anti-inflammatory activity --- acyl-Claisen --- LOX --- seed --- food groups --- microtubules --- anti-proliferative --- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors --- flax --- arylnaphthalene lignan --- epiboly --- aryldihydronaphthalene lignan --- multiple bioactive components --- enterolignan --- total synthesis --- genetic --- synthesis --- cultivated --- cell cycle --- chronic diseases --- national databases --- oxidation --- chemical components --- molecular dynamics --- COX --- lignans --- hydroxycinnamic acid --- chemical structures --- Chinese magnolia vine --- stereoselective synthesis --- sPLA2 --- Bursera fagaroides --- in silico studies --- antibacterial activity --- semisynthesis --- dibenzyl butyrolactones --- flavonoid glycoside --- lignan glycoside --- chemical characterization --- hydroxymatairesinol --- podophyllotoxin --- Lespedeza cuneata --- Bursera --- oak ageing --- Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus --- F-actin --- cultivar --- UHPLC-MS/MS --- bioactivity --- podophyllotoxin-type lignans --- harmonized databases --- graph theory --- antioxidants --- health promotion --- simultaneous quantitation --- natural products --- dietary intake --- cell migration --- Lignan --- chemical space --- diet --- Lauraceae --- pharmacokinetic --- cytotoxicity --- tujia ethnomedicine --- flavonolignans --- flavonol --- adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation --- Burseraceae --- environment --- dietary lignans --- phytochemical analysis --- Schisandra chinensis --- animal health --- neolignans --- Schisandra rubriflora --- cancer --- norlignans --- wild
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Catalyst lifetime represents one of the most crucial economic aspects in industrial catalytic processes, due to costly shutdowns, catalyst replacements, and proper disposal of spent materials. Not surprisingly, there is considerable motivation to understand and treat catalyst deactivation, poisoning, and regeneration, which causes this research topic to continue to grow. The complexity of catalyst poisoning obviously increases along with the increasing use of biomass/waste-derived/residual feedstocks and with requirements for cleaner and novel sustainable processes. This book collects 15 research papers providing insights into several scientific and technical aspects of catalyst poisoning and deactivation, proposing more tolerant catalyst formulations, and exploring possible regeneration strategies.
cyclic operation --- n/a --- nickel catalysts --- regeneration --- Cu/SSZ-13 --- syngas --- NH3-SCR --- oxysulfate --- Ni-catalyst --- MW incinerator --- iso-octane --- hydrogenation --- dry reforming of methane --- oxysulfide --- Co-Zn/H-Beta --- Low-temperature catalyst --- Rh catalysts --- deactivation --- vanadia species --- SO2 poisoning --- vehicle emission control --- barium carbonate --- sodium ions --- sulfur deactivation --- tetragonal zirconia --- sulfur poisoning --- Liquefied natural gas --- water --- deactivation by coking --- phase stabilization --- catalyst --- NO removal --- physico-chemical characterization --- octanol --- SEM --- aluminum sulfate --- oxygen storage capacity --- unusual deactivation --- diesel --- nitrous oxide --- exhaust gas --- over-reduction --- poisoning --- catalyst deactivation --- ammonium sulfates --- CO2 reforming --- SO3 --- Rh --- in situ regeneration --- copper --- V2O5–WO3/TiO2 catalysts --- palladium sulfate --- Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) --- biogas --- thermal stability --- phthalic anhydride --- octanal --- natural gas --- sulfur-containing sodium salts --- washing --- coke deposition --- vanadia-titania catalyst --- CPO reactor --- homogeneous catalysis --- NOx reduction by C3H8 --- nitrogen oxides --- effect of flow rate --- DeNOx --- catalytic methane combustion --- deactivation mechanism --- TEM --- catalyst durability --- V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts
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In recent years, there has been rapid growth in the availability of innovative, non-combustible products, including oral tobacco-derived nicotine (OTDN) products, heated tobacco products (HTPs), and electronic cigarettes (also referred to as e-vapor products; EVPs). Industry, academic, and government researchers are developing and validating analytical methods to extract, separate, identify, and quantitate a variety of analytes from these innovative tobacco products using a wide range of analytical techniques. These analytes include constituents such as nicotine, degradants and impurities, flavors, non-tobacco ingredients, HPHCs, and other currently unknown constituents. In this Special Issue, we received nine contributions that covered the latest analytical methods that have been developed and applied for the chemical characterization or exposure assessment to tobacco product constituents of innovative non-combustible products. This Special Issue is representative of the importance of analytical sciences research in characterizing innovative non-combustible products for guiding product design, determining relative product performance, ensuring consistency during the manufacturing process, informing toxicological risk assessment, and enabling regulatory reporting. The current advances in the development and applications of the analytical methods reported in this Special Issue can be used to inform the harm reduction potential of innovative non-combustible products for adult smokers.
on!® nicotine pouches --- nicotine --- dissolution --- release profile --- validation --- product assessment --- smokeless tobacco product --- nicotine degradants --- nicotine-related impurities --- alkaloids --- nicotine degradation products --- nicotine pouches --- reduced-risk products --- constituents --- method development --- method validation --- JUUL --- aerosol --- non-targeted analysis --- chemical characterization --- ENDS --- e-cigarette --- GC–MS --- LC–HRMS --- e-liquid --- 2,4-DNPH derivatization --- formaldehyde --- “hidden formaldehyde” --- formaldehyde-containing hemiacetal/acetal adducts --- HPHC --- GC-MS --- 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene --- LC–MS/MS --- urine --- human biomonitoring --- derivatization --- potentially reduced-risk products --- propylene glycol --- electronic cigarette --- biomarker of exposure --- compliance marker --- oral tobacco derived nicotine (OTDN) pouches --- snus --- nicotine release --- nicotine dissolution --- nicotine extraction --- equivalence --- modern oral nicotine products --- HPHCs --- product characterizations --- n/a --- LC-HRMS --- "hidden formaldehyde" --- LC-MS/MS
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This special issue aims to contribute to the climate actions which called for the need to address Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, keeping global warming to well below 2°C through various means, including accelerating renewables, clean fuels, and clean technologies into the entire energy system. As long as fossil fuels (coal, gas and oil) are still used in the foreseeable future, it is vital to ensure that these fossil fuels are used cleanly through abated technologies. Financing the clean and energy transition technologies is vital to ensure the smooth transition towards net zero emission by 2050 or beyond. The lack of long‐term financing, the low rate of return, the existence of various risks, and the lack of capacity of market players are major challenges to developing sustainable energy systems.This special collected 17 high-quality empirical studies that assess the challenges for developing secure and sustainable energy systems and provide practical policy recommendations. The editors of this special issue wish to thank the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA) for funding several papers that were published in this special issue.
Research & information: general --- Physics --- industrial energy intensity --- pollution emission intensity --- quantile DID method --- Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei coordinated development --- China --- environmental Kuznets curve --- CO2 emission --- energy efficiency --- economic growth --- panel ARDL --- DEA --- energy transition --- renewables --- hydrogen --- fossil fuels --- emissions --- FDIA --- blockchain --- data exchanging --- under-operating agents --- ISO --- electricity market --- Saudi Arabia --- energy sustainability --- world energy trilemma index --- Bayesian Belief Network --- green technology --- sustainability --- climate change --- Southeast Asia --- energy policy --- high-efficiency --- low-emission --- carbon dioxide emissions --- carbon pricing --- subcritical --- desulphurization --- denitrification --- cost–benefit analysis --- levelized cost of electricity --- energy supply security --- energy dependence --- energy diversity --- business as usual (BAU) --- Alternative Policy Scenarios (APSs) --- clean technologies --- and resiliency --- multi plant firms --- environmental assessment --- local-global performance --- wind energy --- power trade --- counterfactual scenario --- ASEAN --- natural gas --- multi-objective --- goal programming --- optimization --- allocation --- connectivity --- energy infrastructure --- Mekong Subregion --- green bonds --- post-COVID-19 era --- Asia and the Pacific --- green finance --- sustainable development --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) --- circular economy --- environmental sustainability --- life cycle assessment (LCA) --- physico-chemical characterization --- Coats–Redfern model --- flammability --- integral model --- iso-conversional --- wind farm site selection --- multi-criteria decision-making system --- Analytic Hierarchy Process --- Semnan province --- ArcGIS
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Increased consumer awareness of the effects of food in preventing nutrient-related diseases and maintaining physical and mental well-being has made nutritional improvement an important goal for the food and beverage industry, including the cereal sector. The Book “Qualitative and Nutritional Improvement of Cereal-Based Foods and Beverages” collects research articles aimed at exploring innovative ways to improve cereal-based foods and beverages; an old—if not ancient—group of products which are still on our table every day. The main directions of research aimed at nutritional improvement have to face either excess or deficiency in the diet. To this end, different strategies may be adopted, such as the reformulation of products, the introduction of functional ingredients, and the application of biotechnologies to increase the bioavailability of bioactive compounds. These interventions, however, can alter the physico-chemical and sensory properties of final products, making it necessary to achieve a balance between nutritional and quality modification. This book offers readers information on innovative ways to improve cereal-based foods and beverages, useful for researchers and for industry operators.
extruded products --- flaxseed --- amaranth --- dietary fiber --- extrusion-cooking --- fortified blended foods (FBFs) --- sensory --- food aid --- extrusion --- cereal --- legume --- infant --- child --- porridge --- sourdough --- fiber --- amino acids --- phenolic compounds --- phytic acid --- pulses --- re-milled semolina --- bread --- pizza --- focaccia --- rheological properties --- reofermentograph --- bioactive compounds --- texture --- sensory profile --- hemp --- chickpea --- milling by-products --- fortified pasta --- lactic acid bacteria --- nutritional value --- antioxidant capacity --- sensory properties --- functional foods --- pigmented wheat --- anthocyanins --- polyphenols --- alpha-amylase inhibition --- anti-inflammatory activity --- Moringa oleifera --- phenolic bioaccessibility --- starch digestion --- slowly digestible starch --- resistant starch --- Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum Desf. --- NaCl --- low-sodium sea salt --- Na+ reduction --- physico-chemical and textural attributes --- sensory evaluation --- inulin --- bakery products --- xanthan gum --- leavening agent --- coffee silverskin --- chemical characterization --- toxicological analysis --- extreme vertices mixture design --- product development --- cereal beverage --- fermentation --- functional --- non-alcoholic --- health benefits --- wholewheat flour --- stone milling --- roller milling --- dough rheology --- djulis --- food quality --- optimization --- Taguchi grey relational analysis --- texture profile analysis --- sensory attributes --- protein energy malnutrition --- insect --- sorghum --- wheat --- cereal-based ready-to-drink beverage --- convenient meal replacement (CMR) --- germinated wheat --- response surface methodology (RSM) --- gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) --- antioxidant properties --- almond skins --- by-product --- upcycling --- biscuits --- health claims --- nutritional composition --- Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) --- fortification --- consumer acceptability --- byproducts --- new quality --- insects --- pasta
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The book “Integrated human exposure to air pollution” aimed to increase knowledge about human exposure in different micro-environments, or when citizens are performing specific tasks, to demonstrate methodologies for the understanding of pollution sources and their impact on indoor and ambient air quality, and, ultimately, to identify the most effective mitigation measures to decrease human exposure and protect public health. Taking advantage of the latest available tools, such as internet of things (IoT), low-cost sensors and a wide access to online platforms and apps by the citizens, new methodologies and approaches can be implemented to understand which factors can influence human exposure to air pollution. This knowledge, when made available to the citizens, along with the awareness of the impact of air pollution on human life and earth systems, can empower them to act, individually or collectively, to promote behavioral changes aiming to reduce pollutants’ emissions. Overall, this book gathers fourteen innovative studies that provide new insights regarding these important topics within the scope of human exposure to air pollution. A total of five main areas were discussed and explored within this book and, hopefully, can contribute to the advance of knowledge in this field.
Personal Air Pollution Exposure (PAPE) --- air pollution monitoring --- IoT --- Air Quality Decision Support System --- health impact --- air pollution --- public concern --- air quality index --- Baidu index --- Shanghai --- air quality --- crowd-sensing --- crowd-sourced sensing --- environmental analysis --- pollution --- particulate matter --- dust sensor --- human exposure --- Arduino --- wireless networks --- oxides --- traffic --- state space --- milan --- area b --- cross validation --- policy intervention analysis --- counter-factual --- unobservable components --- PM2.5 --- population exposure --- tier-models --- health burden misclassification --- BenMap-CE --- tuberculosis --- infectious disease --- time-series --- Poisson regression --- kriging --- road dust --- PM10 emission factors --- enrichment index --- human health risk --- atmospheric aerosols --- bioaerosols --- culturable bacteria --- long-term trends --- hazard for human --- indoor air quality --- e-cigarettes --- heat-not-burn tobacco --- traditional smoking products --- tobacco smoke --- passenger cars --- lung inflammation --- allergy --- indoor pollutants --- biomarkers --- FeNO --- eosinophil --- neutrophil --- fine particulate matter --- economic growth --- urbanization --- industrialization --- Granger causality test --- air pollutants --- monitoring --- seasonality --- chemical characterization --- source apportionment --- particulate matters (PM) --- air purifier --- experiment --- real-time monitoring unit --- transfer unit --- occupant --- breathing zone --- cooking fuel --- household air pollution --- preterm births --- perinatal mortality --- low birth weight --- stillbirth --- Nigeria --- n/a
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