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Animal mechanics --- Human mechanics --- Movement --- Mécanique humaine --- Mécanique animale --- Périodiques. --- Movements --- Animal movements (Physiology) --- Body mechanics, Animal --- Movements of animals (Physiology) --- Body mechanics, Human --- Human biomechanics --- Human movements --- Movements, Human --- Motion --- Biomechanics --- Physiology --- Human physiology --- Physical anthropology --- Kinesiology

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• Motivation It is our dream to understand the principles of animals’ remarkable ability for adaptive motion and to transfer such abilities to a robot. Up to now, mechanisms for generation and control of stereotyped motions and adaptive motions in well-known simple environments have been formulated to some extentandsuccessfullyappliedtorobots.However,principlesofadaptationto variousenvironmentshavenotyetbeenclari?ed,andautonomousadaptation remains unsolved as a seriously di?cult problem in robotics. Apparently, the ability of animals and robots to adapt in a real world cannot be explained or realized by one single function in a control system and mechanism. That is, adaptation in motion is induced at every level from thecentralnervoussystemtothemusculoskeletalsystem.Thus,weorganized the International Symposium on Adaptive Motion in Animals and Machines(AMAM)forscientistsandengineersconcernedwithadaptation onvariouslevelstobebroughttogethertodiscussprinciplesateachleveland to investigate principles governing total systems. • History AMAM started in Montreal (Canada) in August 2000. It was organized by H. Kimura (Japan), H. Witte (Germany), G. Taga (Japan), and K. Osuka (Japan), who had agreed that having a small symposium on motion control, with people from several ?elds coming together to discuss speci?c issues, was worthwhile. Those four organizing committee members determined the scope of AMAM as follows.

Robots --- Adaptive control systems --- Animal mechanics --- Motion --- Control systems --- Animal movements (Physiology) --- Body mechanics, Animal --- Movements of animals (Physiology) --- Biomechanics --- Physiology --- Automata --- Automatons --- Manipulators (Mechanism) --- Robotics --- Mecha (Vehicles) --- Information Technology --- Artificial Intelligence --- Artificial intelligence. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers

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The physical principles of swimming and flying in animals are intriguingly different from those of ships and airplanes. The study of animal locomotion therefore holds a special place not only at the frontiers of pure fluid dynamics research, but also in the applied field of biomimetics, which aims to emulate salient aspects of the performance and function of living organisms. For example, fluid dynamic loads are so significant for swimming fish that they are expected to have developed efficient flow control procedures through the evolutionary process of adaptation by natural selection, which might in turn be applied to the design of robotic swimmers. And yet, sharply contrasting views as to the energetic efficiency of oscillatory propulsion – especially for marine animals – demand a careful assessment of the forces and energy expended at realistic Reynolds numbers. For this and many other research questions, an experimental approach is often the most appropriate methodology. This holds as much for flying animals as it does for swimming ones, and similar experimental challenges apply – studying tethered as opposed to free locomotion, or studying the flow around robotic models as opposed to real animals. This book provides a wide-ranging snapshot of the state-of-the-art in experimental research on the physics of swimming and flying animals. The resulting picture reflects not only upon the questions that are of interest in current pure and applied research, but also upon the experimental techniques that are available to answer them.

Animal flight. --- Animal locomotion. --- Animal swimming. --- Biophysics. --- Hydrodynamics. --- Animal swimming --- Animal flight --- Animal locomotion --- Hydrodynamics --- Biophysics --- Animal mechanics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Applied Mathematics --- Applied Physics --- Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal mechanics. --- Animal movements (Physiology) --- Body mechanics, Animal --- Movements of animals (Physiology) --- Animal running --- Animal walking --- Running, Animal --- Walking, Animal --- Physics. --- Fluids. --- Biological physics. --- Fluid mechanics. --- Fluid- and Aerodynamics. --- Engineering Fluid Dynamics. --- Biophysics and Biological Physics. --- Biomechanics --- Locomotion --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Physics --- Hydromechanics --- Continuum mechanics --- Mechanics --- Hydrostatics --- Permeability

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The Journal of Biomechanics publishes reports of original and substantial findings using the principles of mechanics to explore biological problems. Analytical, as well as experimental papers may be submitted, and the journal accepts original articles, surveys and perspective articles (usually by Editorial invitation only), book reviews and letters to the Editor. The criteria for acceptance of manuscripts include excellence, novelty, significance, clarity, conciseness and interest to the readership.

General biophysics --- Human anatomy --- Physiology: movement organs, voice and skin --- Human physiology --- Animal mechanics --- Biomechanics --- Mécanique animale --- Biomécanique --- Periodicals --- Périodiques --- Biomechanics. --- Biomechanical Phenomena. --- Animal mechanics. --- Biomechanica. --- Périodiques. --- Physiology. --- WDEP --- #MILO:TSL --- #TS:WBIB --- Mechanobiological Phenomena --- Kinematics --- Phenomena, Biomechanical --- Phenomena, Mechanobiological --- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine --- Mechanics --- Chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Health Sciences --- Physiology --- Biomechanic Phenomena --- Biomechanic Phenomenas --- Phenomena, Biomechanic --- Phenomenas, Biomechanic --- Chemistry. --- Biochemistry. --- Mécanique animale --- Biomécanique --- Périodiques --- EJBIOLO EJBIOMO EJMEDEC ELSEVIER-E EPUB-ALPHA-J EPUB-PER-FT MDPHYSIO --- Biomechanical Phenomena --- Algemene biofysica --- Menselijke anatomie --- Fysiologie: bewegingsorganen, stem en huid --- Menselijke fysiologie --- MDPHYSIO --- Biomechanic --- Animal movements (Physiology) --- Body mechanics, Animal --- Movements of animals (Physiology) --- Biological mechanics --- Mechanical properties of biological structures --- Biophysics --- Contractility (Biology) --- Engineering, biomedical

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Aristoteles hat eine allgemeine, d.h. für Mensch und Tier gemeinsam konzipierte Theorie der Motivation: die Theorie der animalischen Ortsbewegung. Dieses Buch interpretiert die Theorie und analysiert ihre grundlegenden Begriffe. Im ersten, begriffsanalytisch gehaltenen Teil werden Aristoteles' Bestimmung der Lust/Leid-Empfindung, der Strebung und der drei Arten der Strebung behandelt. Im zweiten Teil folgt die zusammenhängende Interpretation der für die Theorie unmittelbar relevanten Texte. Dies sind De Anima III, Kapitel 9 bis 11, sowie die kleine Schrift De Motu Animalium (Kap. 6 bis 11). Im Resultat zeigt sich, dass Aristoteles' Motivationstheorie einen ganz eigenen Ansatz verfolgt, der, obgleich er stark auf den essentialistischen und hylemorphistischen Grundannahmen seiner Naturphilosophie aufbaut, interessante Perspektiven auf die Sachfragen bietet und die philosophische Debatte in der Handlungstheorie bereichern kann: Es ist gerade sein essentialistischer Naturbegriff, der es Aristoteles gestattet, dort zu überzeugenden Resultaten zu gelangen, wo die moderne Diskussion ins Stocken gekommen ist. Dies betrifft vor allem die Theorie der Strebung, die Psychophysik intentionaler Zustände und den Zusammenhang von Denken und Bewegung.

Soul --- Motivation (Psychology) --- Animal mechanics --- Aristotle --- Animal mechanics. --- Beweging (activiteit). --- Das @Gute. --- De anima (Aristoteles). --- De motu animalium (Aristoteles). --- Motivation (Psychology). --- Motivation. --- Soul. --- Human locomotion. --- Animal locomotion --- Ame --- Locomotion humaine --- Locomotion animale --- Aristotle. --- Aristotle. --De anima. --- Aristotle. --De motu animalium. --- Pre-Linnaean works of zoology --- Pre-Linnean works of zoology --- Animal running --- Animal walking --- Running, Animal --- Walking, Animal --- Pneuma --- Future life --- Philosophical anthropology --- Theological anthropology --- Animism --- Spirit --- Action, Psychology of --- Drive (Psychology) --- Psychology of action --- Psychology --- Animal movements (Physiology) --- Body mechanics, Animal --- Movements of animals (Physiology) --- Biomechanics --- Physiology --- Aristoteles --- Aristote --- Aristotile --- Animal locomotion. --- Zoology --- Locomotion --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Aristoteles. --- Arisṭāṭṭil --- Aristo, --- Aristotel --- Aristotele --- Aristóteles, --- Aristòtil --- Arisṭū --- Arisṭūṭālīs --- Arisutoteresu --- Arystoteles --- Ya-li-shih-to-te --- Ya-li-ssu-to-te --- Yalishiduode --- Yalisiduode --- Ἀριστοτέλης --- Αριστοτέλης --- Аристотел --- ארסטו --- אריםטו --- אריסטו --- אריסטוטלס --- אריסטוטלוס --- אריסטוטליס --- أرسطاطاليس --- أرسططاليس --- أرسطو --- أرسطوطالس --- أرسطوطاليس --- ابن رشد --- اريسطو --- Pseudo Aristotele --- Pseudo-Aristotle --- アリストテレス --- De anima. --- Aristotle - De motu animalium --- Aristotle - De anima --- Philosophy of Action. --- Psychology.