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English language --- Sociolinguistics --- Anglais (Langue) --- -Germanic languages --- -English language --- American English --- American language --- English language in the United States --- Americanisms --- Germanic languages --- English language - United States

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African Americans --- Americanisms --- Black English --- English language --- African American English --- American black dialect --- Ebonics --- Negro-English dialects --- Languages --- Variation --- Provincialisms --- Dialects --- Dialectology --- Germanic languages

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This volume presents 15 original research papers by renowned specialists in their respective fields. A variety of research traditions are included, such as dialect geography and sociolinguistics, but also smaller sub-fields such as the study of slang and perceptual dialectology. Varieties studied include the South, the Eastern Seaboard, the Middle West, African American English, Cuban English, and others. A growing sense of unity in the discipline is reflected by recurring topics and methods across earlier boundaries between sub-disciplines.

English language --- Americanisms. --- American English --- American language --- English language in the United States --- Americanisms --- Social aspects --- Variation --- Provincialisms --- Dialects --- E-books --- Dialectology --- Sociolinguistics --- Germanic languages

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This Element uses data from the Springville Project to explore how the functions of the inherited forms invariant be (from English sources) and zero (from creolization) have transformed during the twentieth century. Originally just alternative present tense copula/auxiliary forms, both features developed into aspectual markers - invariant be to mark durativity/habituality and zero to mark nonstativity. The motivation for these innovations were both socio-cultural and linguistic. The Great Migration and its consequences provided a demographic and socio-cultural context within which linguistic innovations could develop and spread. The mismatch between form and function within the present tense copula/auxiliary system and the grammatical ambiguities that affected both invariant be and zero provided linguistic triggers for this reanalysis. When taken together, the evolution of these forms illustrates how restructured linguistic subsystems (and eventually new varieties) emerge out of the interplay between inheritance and innovation.

Black English --- African Americans --- English language --- Languages. --- Dialects --- Variation --- Germanic languages --- African American English --- American black dialect --- Ebonics --- Negro-English dialects --- Languages

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This authoritative introduction to African American English (AAE) is the first textbook to look at the grammar as a whole. Clearly organised, it describes patterns in the sentence structure, sound system, word formation and word use in AAE. The book uses linguistic description and data from conversation to explain that AAE is not a compilation of random deviations from mainstream English but that it is a rule-governed system. The textbook examines topics such as education, speech events in the secular and religious world, and the use of language in literature and the media to create black images. This much-needed book includes exercises to accompany each chapter and will be essential reading for students in linguistics, education, anthropology, African American studies and literature.

Black English. --- African Americans --- English language --- Dialect literature, American --- American English --- American language --- English language in the United States --- Americanisms --- African American English --- American black dialect --- Ebonics --- Negro-English dialects --- Languages. --- Dialects --- Variation --- Languages --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics --- Germanic languages