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Chemokine Receptors in Cancer summarizes the growing body of evidence that several chemokine receptors contribute to tumor behavior. Chemokine receptors were first identified on leukocytes and mediate directed migration of many host cells to sites of ligand expression. It is now well established that most malignant cells also express one or more chemokine receptor. This book describes our current understanding regarding how chemokine receptors contribute to tumor cell migration as well as cell survival and proliferation. The function of chemokine receptors expressed on host cells including antitumor immune effector cells as well as angiostatic and angiogeneic functions of chemokines acting on endothelial cells are described. The role of chemokine receptors that act as decoy receptors is also summarized. The therapeutic potential and challenges of targeting chemokine receptors or cognate ligands is also addressed.

Cancer cells --- Chemokines --- Receptors, Cytokine --- Antigens, CD --- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled --- Diseases --- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents --- Growth Substances --- Receptors, Immunologic --- Antigens, Differentiation --- Receptors, Cell Surface --- Membrane Proteins --- Biological Markers --- Antigens, Surface --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Proteins --- Antigens --- Biological Factors --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Angiogenesis Inducing Agents --- Neoplasms --- Receptors, Chemokine --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Medicine --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Oncology --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Growth --- Regulation. --- Receptors --- Effect of drugs on. --- Effect of drugs on --- Regulation --- Chemokines. --- Drug receptors. --- Drugs --- Receptors, Drug --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Oncology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Cell receptors --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Mediators --- Oncology  . --- Tumors --- Cancer research

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Tumour survival and growth is critically dependent on an independent blood supply. As such tumour vasculature presents an ideal target for cancer therapy that is widely applicable, accessible and genetically stable rendering it less prone to resistance. Two approaches have been explored for cancer therapy; firstly the prevention of new vessel formation with inhibitors of angiogenesis, and secondly the destruction of existing tumour blood vessels with so called vascular disruptive agents (VDAs). While the first approach appears to delay tumour progression, the second has the potential to cause massive cell death and tumour regression. It is the second approach of vascular targeting that is the focus of this book. Since the tubulin binding agent combretastatin, derived from the bark of the African bush willow, was discovered by George R Pettit to have antimitotic properties over twenty years ago, the field of vascular targeting has expanded steadily. Coincident with the preclinical and clinical development of these agents, there have been advances in our understanding of their mechanism of action and in the technology required to assess their effects. This book aims to provide a comprehensive account of the current state of the art. Preclinical target identification and validation are discussed and the optimum pre-clinical animal models described. The imaging modalities that can be used to assess the efficacy of these agents are examined and a comprehensive review of the clinical development of key drugs is provided. Finally, the recent research exploring rational combinations of VDAs with other agents is reviewed and the potential place of VDAs in the future of cancer therapy is critically appraised.

Cancer -- Chemotherapy. --- Drug targeting. --- Tumors -- Blood-vessels. --- Tumors --- Cancer --- Drug targeting --- Antineoplastic Agents --- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents --- Diseases --- Growth Inhibitors --- Therapeutics --- Growth Substances --- Therapeutic Uses --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Angiogenesis Inhibitors --- Drug Therapy --- Drug Delivery Systems --- Neoplasms --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Blood-vessels --- Chemotherapy --- Oncology. --- Treatment. --- Cancer therapy --- Cancer treatment --- Therapy --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Pharmacology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemicals --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Cancer research --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Physiological effect --- Toxicology. --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Toxicology

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Angiogenesis is attracting increased scientific and clinical interest. The identification of novel mediators and targeting molecules has led to significant progress in our understanding of tumor angiogenesis and tumor vessel targeting. Important advances in cancer treatment have already emerged, and in the future, blood vessel targeting will play a significant role within individualized therapeutic strategies. This volume provides a general overview of the latest developments in angiogenesis inhibition in cancer. All aspects from the bench to the bedside are considered, with detailed attention both to basic research and to its translation into clinical practice. Individual chapters are devoted to the roles of angiopoietins, HIF-1a, chemokines, PDGF and VEGF, and vascular integrins. The latest results of clinical trials on therapeutic compounds are presented, and various advanced targeting strategies are discussed. This book will be invaluable to all who wish to learn of the most recent advances in research and treatment in this exciting field.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors. --- Neoplasms -- drug therapy. --- Neovascularization inhibitors. --- Neovascularization, Pathologic -- drug therapy. --- Neovascularization inhibitors --- Neoplasms --- Angiogenesis Inhibitors --- Drug Therapy --- Neovascularization, Pathologic --- Therapeutics --- Diseases --- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents --- Metaplasia --- Antineoplastic Agents --- Growth Inhibitors --- Therapeutic Uses --- Growth Substances --- Pathologic Processes --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Oncology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cancer --- Therapeutic use. --- Chemotherapy. --- Angiogenesis inhibitors --- Tumor angiogenesis inhibitors --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Hematology. --- Oncology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Cancer Research. --- Tumors --- Haematology --- Internal medicine --- Blood --- Cancer research --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Antineoplastic agents --- Treatment

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Although angiogenesis-the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones-has emerged as an exciting new target for the treatment of many varied disorders, fundamental aspects of this important biological process remain poorly understood. To address the needs of those working in such a dramatically advancing area, Cliff Murray and a panel of experienced investigators have brought together in Angiogenesis Protocols a comprehensive collection of key techniques for assessing the formation of new blood vessels in both whole tissues and cell culture. These readily reproducible methods range from low-cost in vitro assays to cutting-edge in vivo models, such as the dorsal window chamber, which demands high levels of surgical skill as well as relatively expensive, custom-made equipment. The authors have also included details of the associated techniques for the isolation, identification, and culture of microvessel endothelial cells from human adipose tissues and for the transfection and transduction of primary human endothelial cells. Timely and highly practical, Angiogenesis Protocols is a gold-standard resource for today's angiogenesis investigator, providing easy access to a wide variety of proven assays suitable for laboratories with greatly differing technical expertise, materials, and financial resources.

Neovascularization --- Blood-vessels --- Angiogenesis Factor --- Neovascularization, Physiologic. --- Growth --- Molecular aspects --- physiology. --- Blood-vessels -- Growth -- Molecular aspects -- Laboratory manuals. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Neovascularization -- Laboratory manuals. --- Metaplasia --- Cardiovascular Physiological Processes --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Investigative Techniques --- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Pathologic Processes --- Growth Substances --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Phenomena and Processes --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Diseases --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Angiogenesis Inducing Agents --- Biological Assay --- Physiology --- Neovascularization, Physiologic --- Neovascularization, Pathologic --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cytology --- Angiology --- Vascular system --- Vasculature --- Cardiovascular system --- Angiogenesis --- Cytology. --- Cell Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Neovascularization - Laboratory manuals --- Blood-vessels - Growth - Molecular aspects - Laboratory manuals

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In 1971, J. Folkman published in the "New England Journal of Medicine" a hypothesis that tumor growth is angiogenesis-dependent. Folkman introduced the concept that tumors probably secrete diffusible molecules that could stimulate the growth of new blood vessels toward the tumor and that the resulting tumor neovascularization could conceivably be prevented or interrupted by angiogenesis inhibitors. Solid and haematological tumors consist of an avascular and a subsequent vascular phase. Assuming that this depends on the release of angiogenic factors, acquisition of angiogenic capability can be seen as an expression of progression from neoplastic transformation to tumor growth and metastasis. Beginning in the 1980's, the biopharmaceutical industry began exploiting the field of antiangiogenesis for creating new therapeutic compounds for modulating new blood vessels in tumor growth. In 2004, Avastin (Bevacizumab), a humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, was the first angiogenesis inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of colorectal cancer. At present, it has been estimated that over 20,000 cancer patients worldwide have received experimental form of antiangiogenic therapy. This book offers a historical account of the relevant literature. It also emphasizes the crucial and paradigmatic role of angiogenesis as a biological process and the significance of antiangiogenic approach for the treatment of tumors.

Neovascularization inhibitors. --- Neovascularization. --- Tumors -- Blood-vessels -- Growth. --- Tumors. --- Tumors --- Neovascularization --- Neovascularization inhibitors --- Cardiovascular Physiological Processes --- Growth Inhibitors --- Metaplasia --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Antineoplastic Agents --- Growth Substances --- Diseases --- Science --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Pathologic Processes --- Therapeutic Uses --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Neoplasms --- Angiogenesis Inhibitors --- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents --- Neovascularization, Physiologic --- Neovascularization, Pathologic --- Research --- Metabolism --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Blood-vessels --- Growth --- Blood-vessels. --- Treatment. --- Cancer --- Tumours --- Medicine. --- History. --- Cancer research. --- Oncology. --- Pathology. --- Cell biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- History of Science. --- Cell Biology. --- Pathology --- Cysts (Pathology) --- Oncology  . --- Cytology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Disease (Pathology) --- Medical sciences --- Medicine, Preventive --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Cancer research