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The rapid proliferation of the Internet has been driving communication networks closer and closer to their limits, while available bandwidth is disappearing due to an ever-increasing network load. Over the past decade, optical fiber communication technology has increased per fiber data rate from 10 Tb/s to exceeding 10 Pb/s. The major explosion came after the maturity of coherent detection and advanced digital signal processing (DSP). DSP has played a critical role in accommodating channel impairments mitigation, enabling advanced modulation formats for spectral efficiency transmission and realizing flexible bandwidth. This book aims to explore novel, advanced DSP techniques to enable multi-Tb/s/channel optical transmission to address pressing bandwidth and power-efficiency demands. It provides state-of-the-art advances and future perspectives of DSP as well.
equalization --- n/a --- space division multiplexing --- multi-input multi-output --- mode-division multiplexing --- mode-dependent loss --- caching --- neural network --- mitigation of optical transceiver impairments --- four-level pulse amplitude modulation --- least mean squares --- frequency-domain equalization --- nonlinearity compensation --- optical fiber communication --- optical communication --- modulators --- digital signal processing --- quadrature phase-shift keying --- space–time block-coding --- pointing error --- Device to Device --- fiber optics communications --- cycle-slip --- coherent communications --- coherent communication --- pluggable module --- recursive least squares --- data center interconnect --- average symbol length --- pulse position modulation–binary phase shift keying–subcarrier intensity modulation (PPM–BPSK–SIM) --- 400 Gigabit Ethernet --- direct detection --- QSFP-DD transceiver --- low-density parity-check (LDPC) --- coherent detection --- free space optical (FSO) --- carrier phase estimation --- optical communications --- bit error rate (BER) --- machine learning --- fiber optics links and subsystems --- short-reach optical links --- Indian Buffet Process --- pilot-aided-phase-unwrap --- space-time block-coding --- pulse position modulation-binary phase shift keying-subcarrier intensity modulation (PPM-BPSK-SIM)
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Optical technology is one of the key technologies that have been widely used for communication, computing and sensing. By utilizing different degrees of freedom for photon, optical signals can be detected and processed in different dimensions including amplitude, phase, polarization, time, frequency, and spatial mode. Multidimensional signal processing technologies have thus been broadly studied for improving the performance of communication, sensing and even computing systems. Recently, innovative optical signal processing methods and devices have been emerged to serve those needs driven by applications including but not limited to optical fiber transmission, supercontinuum generation, phase conjugation, free space optical communication, optical beamforming, photonic integration, fiber amplification, pose estimation and so on. This Special Issue aims to explore those emerging and enabling technologies of signal processing methods and devices for optical communication, optical computing, and optical sensing. The Special Issue consists of two review papers, one communication and seven articles within the areas of optical fiber transmission, specialty fiber design, 3D pose estimation, free space communication, digital signal processing, as well as photonic integration. Optical signal processing powered next generation communication, computing and sensing can be highly expected.
Optical communications. --- Communications, Optical --- Light communications --- Photonics --- Telecommunication
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This book explores the enabling technology in optical fiber communications. It focuses on the state-of-the-art advances from fundamental theories, devices, and subsystems to networking applications as well as future perspectives of optical fiber communications. The topics cover include integrated photonics, fiber optics, fiber and free-space optical communications, and optical networking.
spectral shaping --- photonic crystal fiber cascade --- zero-dispersion frequencies spacing --- supercontinuum generation --- virtual network embedding --- converged optical networks --- network slicing --- machine learning --- software-defined network --- optical waveguide --- silicon photonics --- silicon nitride --- optical polarization --- bipolar --- optical code division multiple access --- electro-optical modulator --- free-space optics communication --- FiWi access network --- energy efficiency --- power over fiber --- TWDM-PON --- delay analysis --- frequency modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) --- light detection and ranging (LiDAR) --- instantaneous frequency --- coherent optical spectrum analyzer (COSA) --- time-frequency curve --- microstructured optical fiber --- optical fiber sensors --- refractive index sensor --- surface plasmon resonance --- optical fiber communication --- electrical dispersion compensation --- multi-channel digital backpropagation --- equalization-enhanced phase noise --- achievable information rates --- elastic optical network --- invalid spectrum rate --- advanced reservation --- defragmentation --- blocking probability --- spectrum alignment rate --- VCSEL --- neural network-based equalization --- Volterra series-based equalization --- lanthanum-aluminum silicate glass --- polarization-maintaining fiber --- fiber Bragg grating --- Sagnac interferometer --- fluorinated polyimide film --- humidity hysteresis --- optical frequency domain reflectometry --- position deviation compensation --- sub-millimeter spatial resolution --- analysis --- FPGA --- GPON --- MongoDB --- storing --- fiber optics communications --- optical security and encryption --- phase fluctuations --- Elastic Optical Network --- space division multiplexing --- routing --- coherent optical communication --- offset-quadrature amplitude modulation-based filter-bank multicarrier (FBMC/OQAM) --- blind phase noise compensation --- inter-carrier-interference (ICI) --- discrete cosine transform (DCT) --- Brillouin --- ultrafast --- distributed sensing --- pump pulse array --- resolution enhancement --- SNR --- n/a
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Optical fiber communication industry has gained unprecedented opportunities and achieved rapid progress in recent years. However, with the increase of data transmission volume and the enhancement of transmission demand, the optical communication field still needs to be upgraded to better meet the challenges in the future development. Artificial intelligence technology in optical communication and optical network is still in its infancy, but the existing achievements show great application potential. In the future, with the further development of artificial intelligence technology, AI algorithms combining channel characteristics and physical properties will shine in optical communication. This reprint introduces some recent advances in optical fiber communication and optical network, and provides alternative directions for the development of the next generation optical fiber communication technology.
optical communication --- frame transmission --- synchronization word --- blind recognition --- Hough transform --- machine learning --- optical communications --- patent analysis --- network analysis --- technical analysis --- fiber nonlinearities --- deep learning (DL) --- artificial intelligence (AI) --- BPSK-VSB --- BPSK-SSB --- fiber transmission --- optical neural networks --- time lens --- fiber --- dispersion Fourier transform --- high-flux imaging --- classification --- cancer cell recognition --- photon time stretching (PTS) --- passive optical networks --- laser tuning time --- TWDM --- Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation --- optical access networks --- scheduling --- FSOC system --- omnidirectional communication --- miniaturization --- ASE noise --- ICC --- DWDM-FSO/PON optical fiber network --- hybrid OOK/M-ary DPPM-M-PAPM --- hybrid fiber FSO (HFFSO) link --- n/a
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In the past few decades, the optical communication industry has explored multiple degrees of freedom of the photon, such as time, wavelength, amplitude, phase, polarization, and space, to significantly reduce the cost/bit of data transmission by increasing the capacity per fiber through multiplexing technology and by reducing the size and power through electronic and photonic integration. This book aims to explore the latest advancements in this industry, including the technologies in devices, systems, and network levels with applications from short-reach chip-to-chip interconnections to long-haul backbone communications at the trans-oceanic distance.
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This book highlights the physics, research advances, and applications of integrated optical supercontinuum generation (SCG). The authors provide a roadmap of SCG in various nonlinear media and its historical perspective. The commonly used materials of integrated platforms are discussed, which could provide the references for platform choices in various nonlinear applications. The book introduces the fundamental light-guiding mechanisms, explains the typical dispersion engineering approaches, and summarizes various types of integrated waveguides. The authors present an overview of the physical mechanisms and fundamental equations involved in the SCG. They conduct an in-depth discussion on different types of nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) to adapt to various circumstances. Through these equations, readers can numerically model the SCG processes. In particular, the book reviews recent representative SCG reports in the integrated waveguides. Moreover, because of the close relationship between the frequency combs and SC, the book discusses some basic concepts of a frequency comb. Finally, the authors raise future prospects on SCG in the integrated waveguides. The book is a comprehensive reference for graduate students and researchers interested in the subject and a handy manual for professionals engaged in related work.
Optics. --- Nonlinear Optics. --- Geometrical optics. --- Wave theory of light. --- Optical materials. --- Optics and Photonics. --- Classical Optics, Geometric and Wave optics. --- Optical Materials.
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It is well-known by now that the angular momentum carried by elementary particles can be categorized as spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM). In the early 1900s, Poynting recognized that a particle, such as a photon, can carry SAM, which has only two possible states, i.e., clockwise and anticlockwise circular polarization states. However, only fairly recently, in 1992, Allen et al. discovered that photons with helical phase fronts can carry OAM, which has infinite orthogonal states. In the past two decades, the OAM-carrying beam, due to its unique features, has gained increasing interest from many different research communities, including physics, chemistry, and engineering. Its twisted phase front and intensity distribution have enabled a variety of applications, such as micromanipulation, laser beam machining, nonlinear matter interactions, imaging, sensing, quantum cryptography and classical communications. This book aims to explore novel insights of OAM beams. It focuses on state-of-the-art advances in fundamental theories, devices and applications, as well as future perspectives of OAM beams.
n/a --- radio frequency --- multi-input multi-output --- photonic lantern --- uniform circular array --- turbulence mitigation --- state of polarization --- long period fiber grating --- MIMO --- frequency-domain --- receiver --- 28 GHz --- metasurfaces --- light–matter interactions --- dielectric lens --- free-space optical communications --- helicity --- orbital angular momentum multiplexing --- OAM --- orbital angular momentum --- subwavelength digital gratings --- nanofabrication --- time-gated frequency-shift interpolation --- silicon metasurfaces --- phase mode --- reactive ion etching --- dual symmetry --- bi-isotropic media --- mode selective coupler --- twisted waves --- photonics lantern --- pseudo-Doppler --- chirality --- OAM-MIMO --- Poincaré sphere --- electron beam lithography --- Pancharatnam–Berry optical elements --- polarization division multiplexing --- mode division multiplexing --- nonlinear optics --- interpolation --- microstructure optical fiber --- tunable OAM --- structured light --- light-matter interactions --- Poincaré sphere --- Pancharatnam-Berry optical elements
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We aim to quantify the role of social networks in job-related migration. With over 130 million rural labors migrating to the city each year, China is experiencing the largest internal migration in the human history. Using instrumental variables in the 2006 China Agricultural Census, we find that a 10-percentage-point increase in the migration rate of co-villagers raises one's migration probability by 7.27 percent points, an effect comparable to an increase of education by 7-8 years. Evidence suggests that most of this effect is driven by co-villagers helping each other in moving cost and job search at the destination.
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