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This study addresses the problems scrambling languages provide for the existing syntactic theories by analyzing the interaction of semantic and discourse functional factors with syntactic properties of word order in this type of languages, and by discussing the implications of this interaction for Universal Grammar. Three interrelated goals are carefully followed in this work. The first is to analyze the syntactic structure of Persian, a language which exhibits free word order. With this analysis, the author has accounted for the relative order of categorized expressions, the motivation for their possible rearrangements, and the grammatical results of those reorderings. In this respect, a broad range of major syntactic phenomena, including object shift, Case, Extended Projection Principle (EPP), binding, and scope interpretation of quantifiers, interrogative phrases, adverbial phrases, and negative elements are examined. This monograph is the first major theoretical work ever published on Persian, and therefore fills the existing gap by providing insight into the syntactic structure of this language. The second goal is to connect these insights to similar linguistic properties in languages in which scrambling occurs (e.g. German, Dutch, Hindi, Russian, Japanese, and Korean), and to provide a deeper understanding of this group of genetically diverse, but typologically related languages. The final and principal goal is to situate the results of this work within the framework of the Minimalist Program (MP). The investigations in this study indicate that scrambling is not an optional rule, and that certain principles of MP, such as the Minimal Link Condition, are only seemingly violated in these languages. Furthermore, it is shown that careful analysis of scrambling with respect to binding and scope relations, and a reanalysis of the properties of A and A' movements, cast some doubts on the relevance of a typology of movement in natural language.

Grammar --- Indo-European languages --- Persian language --- Farsi language --- Iranian languages --- Word order. --- Syntax.

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This book constitutes the revised selected papers of the 14th International Conference on Critical Information Infrastructures Security, CRITIS 2019, held in Linköping, Sweden, in September 2019. The 10 full papers and 5 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. They are grouped in the following topical sections: Invited Papers, Risk Management, Vulnerability Assessment, Resilience and Mitigation Short Papers, and Industry and Practical Experience Reports.

Computer security --- Computer security. --- Computers. --- Computer organization. --- Software engineering. --- Computer crimes. --- Systems and Data Security. --- Information Systems and Communication Service. --- Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks. --- Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems. --- Computing Milieux. --- Computer Crime. --- Computer privacy --- Computer system security --- Computer systems --- Computers --- Cyber security --- Cybersecurity --- Electronic digital computers --- Protection of computer systems --- Security of computer systems --- Data protection --- Security systems --- Hacking --- Computers and crime --- Cyber crimes --- Cybercrimes --- Electronic crimes (Computer crimes) --- Internet crimes --- Crime --- Privacy, Right of --- Computer software engineering --- Engineering --- Organization, Computer --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Protection --- Security measures

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This brief studies the general problem of constructing digital chaotic systems in devices with finite precision from low-dimensional to high-dimensional settings, and establishes a general framework for composing them. The contributors demonstrate that the associated state networks of digital chaotic systems are strongly connected. They then further prove that digital chaotic systems satisfy Devaney’s definition of chaos on the domain of finite precision. The book presents Lyapunov exponents, as well as implementations to show the potential application of digital chaotic systems in the real world; the authors also discuss the basic advantages and practical benefits of this approach.  The authors explore the solutions to dynamic degradation (including short cycle length, decayed distribution and low linear complexity) by proposing novel modelling methods and hardware designs for two different one-dimensional chaotic systems, which satisfy Devaney’s definition of chaos. They then extend it to a higher-dimensional digital-domain chaotic system, which has been used in image-encryption technology. This ensures readers do not encounter large differences between actual and theoretical chaotic orbits through small errors.  Digital Chaotic Systems serves as an up-to-date reference on an important research topic for researchers and students in control science and engineering, computing, mathematics and other related fields of study.

System theory. --- Engineering. --- Vibration. --- Dynamical systems. --- Dynamics. --- Electronic circuits. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Vibration, Dynamical Systems, Control. --- Systems Theory, Control. --- Systems engineering. --- Systems theory. --- Cycles --- Mechanics --- Sound --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Design and construction --- Systems, Theory of --- Systems science --- Science --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mathematics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Physics --- Statics --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- Philosophy