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This book explores efficient syntheses of indole alkaloids based on gold-catalyzed cascade cyclizations, presenting two strategies for total synthesis of these natural products based on gold-catalyzed reactions of conjugated diyne or ynamide. The book first describes the total and formal synthesis of dictyodendrins A–F based on direct construction of the pyrrolo[2,3-c]carbazole core using the gold-catalyzed annulation of azido-diynes and protected pyrrole. This synthetic strategy features late-stage functionalization of the pyrrolo[2,3-c]carbazole scaffold at several positions and allows diverse access to dictyodendrins and their derivatives. Secondly, the book discusses the formal synthesis of vindorosine based on the pyrrolo[2,3-d]carbazole construction using the gold-catalyzed cascade cyclization of ynamide. Importantly, the reaction using a chiral gold complex provides the optically active pyrrolo[2,3-d]carbazole. This strategy facilitates the rapid construction of the pyrrolocarbazole core structure of aspidosperma and related alkaloids, including vindorosine. These methodologies can accelerate the medicinal application of pyrrolocarbazole-type alkaloids and related compounds.

Organic chemistry. --- Catalysis. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Chemistry. --- Medicinal chemistry. --- Pharmaceutical technology. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Chemistry/Food Science, general. --- Medicinal Chemistry. --- Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology. --- Physical sciences --- Pharmaceutical laboratory techniques --- Pharmaceutical laboratory technology --- Technology, Pharmaceutical --- Technology --- Chemistry, Medical and pharmaceutical --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Drug chemistry --- Drugs --- Medical chemistry --- Medicinal chemistry --- Pharmacochemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Activation (Chemistry) --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Surface chemistry --- Organic chemistry --- Indole --- Chemistry, Inorganic. --- Synthesis.

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Ever since mankind first appeared on Earth, people have confronted a variety of threats caused by global environmental changes and catastrophic natural disasters. In recent years, there has been a huge necessity to attempt the complementary co-evolution among technologies, urban management, and policy design by putting greater emphasis on local orientation while fully utilizing academic traditions of civil engineering, architecture, environmental engineering and disaster prevention research. This book seeks to meet the challenge of defining the new concept “human security engineering” via the implementation of such applicable technologies in Asian megacities.

Human security. --- Civil engineering --- Social aspects. --- Engineering --- Public works --- Non-traditional security (Human security) --- NTS (Human security) --- Security, Human --- Human rights --- Regional planning. --- Civil engineering. --- Environmental Science and Engineering. --- Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning. --- Civil Engineering. --- Regional development --- Regional planning --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- City planning --- Landscape protection --- Government policy --- Environmental sciences. --- Urban planning. --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Environmental science --- Science --- Management

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681.3*D15 --- Object-oriented programming (Computer science) --- Computer programming --- Object-oriented methods (Computer science) --- Document Object Model (Web site development technology) --- Software: object-oriented programming --- 681.3*D15 Software: object-oriented programming --- Congresses

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This book presents extensive information on the mechanisms of epitaxial growth in III-nitride compounds, drawing on a state-of-the-art computational approach that combines ab initio calculations, empirical interatomic potentials, and Monte Carlo simulations to do so. It discusses important theoretical aspects of surface structures and elemental growth processes during the epitaxial growth of III-nitride compounds. In addition, it discusses advanced fundamental structural and electronic properties, surface structures, fundamental growth processes and novel behavior of thin films in III-nitride semiconductors. As such, it will appeal to all researchers, engineers and graduate students seeking detailed information on crystal growth and its application to III-nitride compounds.

Nitrides. --- Epitaxy. --- Optical materials. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Crystallography. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Semiconductors. --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Leptology --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Optics --- Materials --- Epitaxial growth --- Crystal growth --- Heat resistant alloys --- Surface hardening --- Electronic materials. --- Physics. --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Thin films. --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Dynamics --- Crystalline semiconductors --- Semi-conductors --- Semiconducting materials --- Semiconductor devices --- Crystals --- Electrical engineering --- Electronics --- Electronic materials