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In Gender, Class, and Freedom in Modern Political Theory, Nancy Hirschmann demonstrates not merely that modern theories of freedom are susceptible to gender and class analysis but that they must be analyzed in terms of gender and class in order to be understood at all. Through rigorous close readings of major and minor works of Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Kant, and Mill, Hirschmann establishes and examines the gender and class foundations of the modern understanding of freedom. Building on a social constructivist model of freedom that she developed in her award-winning book The Subject of Liberty: Toward a Feminist Theory of Freedom, she makes in her new book another original and important contribution to political and feminist theory. Despite the prominence of "state of nature" ideas in modern political theory, Hirschmann argues, theories of freedom actually advance a social constructivist understanding of humanity. By rereading "human nature" in light of this insight, Hirschmann uncovers theories of freedom that are both more historically accurate and more relevant to contemporary politics. Pigeonholing canonical theorists as proponents of either "positive" or "negative" liberty is historically inaccurate, she demonstrates, because theorists deploy both conceptions of freedom simultaneously throughout their work.

Feminist theory. --- Social classes --- Women's rights. --- Sex role --- Constructivism (Philosophy) --- Liberty --- Feminism --- Feminist philosophy --- Feminist sociology --- Theory of feminism --- Class distinction --- Classes, Social --- Rank --- Caste --- Estates (Social orders) --- Social status --- Class consciousness --- Classism --- Social stratification --- Philosophy --- Rights of women --- Women --- Women's rights --- Human rights --- Political aspects. --- Philosophy. --- Civil rights --- Law and legislation --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Sociology of the family. Sociology of sexuality --- Community organization --- Political systems --- Politics --- Educational sciences --- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques --- Mill, John Stuart --- Hobbes, Thomas --- Locke, John --- Kant, Immanuel --- Gender --- Upbringing --- Political sciences --- Social class --- Book --- Democracy --- Political philosophy --- Citizenship

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Though disability scholarship has been robust in history, philosophy, English, and sociology for decades, political theory and political science more generally have been slow to catch up. This groundbreaking volume presents the first full-length book on political theory approaches to disability issues. Barbara Arneil and Nancy J. Hirschmann bring together some of the leading scholars in political theory to provide a historical analysis of disability through the works of canonical figures, ranging from Hobbes and Locke to Kant, Rawls and Arendt, as well as an analysis of disability in contemporary political theory, examining key concepts, such as freedom, power and justice. Disability and Political Theory introduces a new disciplinary framework to disability studies, and provides a comprehensive introduction to a new topic of political theory.

Disabilities --- People with disabilities --- Disability studies. --- Sociology of disability --- Education --- Cripples --- Disabled --- Disabled people --- Disabled persons --- Handicapped --- Handicapped people --- Individuals with disabilities --- People with physical disabilities --- Persons with disabilities --- Physically challenged people --- Physically disabled people --- Physically handicapped --- Persons --- Disability --- Disabling conditions --- Handicaps --- Impairment --- Physical disabilities --- Physical handicaps --- Diseases --- Wounds and injuries --- Animals with disabilities --- Philosophy. --- Political aspects --- Civil rights. --- Study and teaching --- Curricula