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The field of cardiothoracic surgery continues to evolve at a rapidly expanding rate. New technologies are under constant development and as patients present with more advanced pathophysiology and complex comorbidities, management becomes more dependent on multi-disciplinary Teams. While there are a variety of innovative and high-profile topics that dominate the literature and the interests of clinicians, sometimes is it the basics both in terms of acute and sometimes unusual problems that often challenge cardiothoracic surgeons on a day to day basis. The goal of Principles and Practice of Cardiothoracic Surgery is to hopefully highlight the current state of the art management of these problems.
Cardiotocography. --- Cardiotocography --- Fetal cardiography --- Fetal monitoring --- Heart rate monitoring --- Cardiothoracic surgery
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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), despite a long and troubled history, is very rapidly evolving into a therapy that can be safely and effectively applied across the world in patients experiencing acute cardiac and/or pulmonary failure. As experiences grow, there is a better understanding of nuances of the importance of teamwork, therapy guidelines and protocols, patient selection, and understanding the functional aspects of pump-circuit technology as it interfaces with human biology. The challenges in managing these very sick and complex patients cannot be understated. The goal of this text is to provide a framework for the development and successful growth of a program. Authors from Centers of Excellence Worldwide have shared their experiences in the full spectrum in dealing with this evolving field.
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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an effective tool for managing patients with severe acute cardiogenic shock and/or respiratory failure. With emphasis on teamwork and adherence to guidelines, protocols, and objective tools to assist in patient selection, management, and weaning, outcomes have improved. Nevertheless, every aspect of supporting patients who require extracorporeal support remains a challenge - with many unanswered questions. The goal of this text, as a supplement to the previous editions on this rapidly evolving topic, is to provide the reader with a more in-depth review of some of the ongoing issues in this field. Topics ranging from administrative aspects to developing a program, nursing issues, ethical concerns, and a variety of clinical topics are discussed at length.
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Blood-vessels --- Surgery. --- Vascular surgery
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Endocarditis. --- Encarditis --- Endocardium --- Inflammation --- Diseases
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The concept of endocarditis has evolved significantly over the years. While initially associated with patients with advanced co-morbidities, such as renal failure and chronic immunosuppression, endocarditis now spans many diverse disciplines. As such, the importance of advanced diagnostic imagining tools, a better understanding of the pathophysiology of not only the infectious (and non-infectious) disease process but also of cardiac structural abnormalities, and the growing literature on management cannot be underemphasized. This book broadens our collective understanding of the spectrum of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that all areas of medicine must appreciate when faced with the challenging clinical problem of endocarditis.
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As the diagnostic and therapeutic tools for the management of complex cardiac valve disease continue to evolve, the options for patients who previously had few choices continue to expand. Such advances have resulted in a renaissance in how Heart Teams approach problems and have been able to engage patients in shared decision-making conversations towards a common goal. While opportunities exist in the management of physiologically challenging congenital heart disease, the vast explosion of research and development in the area of aortic valve disease has offered new hope to patients for improving their quality and quantity of life. The goal of this text is to hopefully serve as a foundation for those who want to explore such topics in greater detail.
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Endocarditis remains an elusive challenge for clinicians to master. As the population ages and their comorbidities increase, the risk of infecting cardiac structures - both native and, the ever-increasing use of, prosthetic support technology - also increases. In addition, the global epidemic of intravenous substance abuse has also resulted in a substantial increase in the number of infected patients. Fortunately, advances in the diagnostic testing, imaging, and recognition of the importance of a multidisciplinary management team have also contributed to advances in the care of these critically ill patients. Nevertheless, optimal therapies need to be individualized and considered in the ever-increasing body of scientific literature on this complex and difficult problem.
Endocarditis. --- Encarditis --- Endocardium --- Inflammation --- Diseases --- Medicine --- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine --- Pediatric Cardiology --- Health Sciences
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Embolic complications of common, or sometimes uncommon, medical issues represent a significant management challenge. In addition, special populations might require unique approaches to prevention and primary disease management. Similarly, unusual embolic problems can manifest as both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Despite evolving guidelines to the prevention, diagnosis, and management of common diseases that can result in embolic complications, unfortunately, for many problems, such guidelines, randomized trials, or even recommendations based upon high-quality literature are lacking. Several chapters in this book are dedicated to summarizing the available data and experiences to help guide bedside care. The goal of this book is to emphasize some of the more unusual presentations and diagnostic and management aspects of embolic complications. The pathophysiologies and prevention strategies in unique patient populations are also emphasized. Clearly, a multidisciplinary team approach is critical to dealing with all aspects of these unusual and perplexing problems.
Embolism. --- Blood-vessels --- Diseases --- Medicine --- Surgery --- Abdominal Surgery --- Health Sciences
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