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Matière et lumière sont intimement liées dans notre modélisation du monde physique. De l’élaboration de la théorie quantique à l’invention du laser, l’interaction entre atomes et rayonnement a joué un rôle central dans le développement de la science et de la technologie d’aujourd’hui. La maîtrise de cette interaction permet désormais d’atteindre les plus basses températures jamais mesurées. Le refroidissement de gaz d’atomes par la lumière d’un laser conduit à une « matière quantique » aux propriétés radicalement différentes des fluides ordinaires. Ces atomes froids sont à la base d’une nouvelle métrologie du temps et de l’espace, qui trouve des applications dans des domaines aussi divers que la navigation, les télécommunications ou encore la géophysique.

Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Atomic Physics --- Atoms. --- Radiation. --- Radiology --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Matter --- Stereochemistry --- Constitution --- physique atomique --- laser --- rayonnement --- physique --- atome --- temps --- lumière --- optique

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The Standard Model of elementary particles and interactions is one of the best tested theories in physics. It has been found to be in remarkable agreement with experiment, and its validity at the quantum level has been successfully probed in the electroweak sector. In spite of its experimental successes, though, the Standard Model suffers from a number of limitations, and is likely to be an incomplete theory. It contains many arbitrary parameters; it does not include gravity, the fourth elementary interaction; it does not provide an explanation for the hierarchy between the scale of electrowea

Nuclear astrophysics. --- Particles (Nuclear physics). --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Nuclear astrophysics --- Research --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics

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It has been recognised recently that the strange features of the quantum world could be used for new information transmission or processing functions such as quantum cryptography or, more ambitiously, quantum computing. These fascinating perspectives renewed the interest in fundamental quantum properties and lead to important theoretical advances, such as quantum algorithms and quantum error correction codes. On the experimental side, remarkable advances have been achieved in quantum optics, solid state physics or nuclear magnetic resonance. This book presents the lecture notes of the Les Houc

Mesoscopic phenomena (Physics) --Congresses. Quantum theory --Data processing --Congresses. Quantum optics --Congresses. --- Quantum theory. --- Quantum entanglement --- Mesoscopic phenomena (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Quantum optics --- Light & Optics --- Atomic Physics --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Data processing --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics