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Book
Phylakes und Phylakon-Steuer im griechisch-römischen Ägypten : ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des antiken Sicherheitswesens
Author:
ISBN: 359877592X 9783598775925 3110961342 Year: 2005 Publisher: München : K.G. Saur,

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Abstract

Die in der Antike häufig bezeugten Wächter (griechisch Phylakes) lassen sich als Vorläufer moderner Polizeibeamter ansehen, und damals wie heute sind Wachdienste eine Grundform polizeilichen Tätigwerdens. Zu allen Zeiten bedurften gefährdete Personen, Gebäude oder Grundstücke sowie wertvolle Güter oder Gelder der Bewachung, die durch verschiedenste Kategorien von Wächtern ausgeübt wurde. Auch im landwirtschaftlich geprägten Ägypten in griechischer und römischer Zeit waren Phylakes allenthalben im Einsatz und haben daher auch in den zahlreichen Papyrusurkunden dieser Zeit ihre Spuren hinterlassen. Die vorliegende Studie wertet systematisch die Belege vom Beginn der Ptolemäerherrschaft bis ins 4. Jahrhundert n. Chr. aus und zeichnet ein Bild dieses in ptolemäischer Zeit überwiegend privat organisierten Sicherheitswesens, in das die Bevölkerung durch ein belastendes Liturgiesystem integriert wurde. Ergänzend wurde eine eigene Abgabe eingeführt, die Phylakon-Steuer, deren zahlreiche Zeugnisse veranschaulichen, wie der Staat die Bevölkerung auch zur Finanzierung herangezogen hat. Daneben waren in römischer Zeit Phylakes auch weiterhin in privatem Auftrag tätig. Guards (Greek Phylakes) were common in antiquity and can be understood as forerunners of modern police men, and till nowadays guard duties are part of police activities. In all times endangered persons, buildings or properties as well as precious goods or funds needed protection, which was provided by different kinds of guards. In Graeco-roman Egypt with its deep agrarian character Phylakes were a widespread institution and left their traces in the numerous papyri of this time. The present study systematically analyses all testimonies beginning with the rule of the Ptolemies until the fourth century A.D. and draws a picture of the development of this security service, which - after having been predominantly privately organized in the ptolemaic era - was enlarged by the Romans and integrated into the compulsory public service as the lowest level of the public police service. Additionally a special tax was introduced, the Phylakon-tax, whose numerous receipts for payment demonstrate, by which means the government drew the population to the financing of the public security service.


Book
Les forces de l'ordre à Bruxelles au 19e siècle : données biographiques illustrées sur les officiers de la police, de la garde civique et de la gendarmerie (1830-1914)
Author:
ISBN: 9782960037388 2960037383 Year: 2007 Volume: 4 Publisher: Bruxelles Archives de la Ville de Bruxelles

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Keywords

History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- anno 1910-1919 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Brussels --- Police --- Public policy (Law) --- Ordre public --- History --- Histoire --- Comité P --- police --- Belgique --- histoire --- Belgium --- Bélgica --- Belgija --- Belgien --- Belgie --- Belgicko --- België --- Beļģija --- Белгија --- Belgio --- Белгия --- Belgia --- il-Belġju --- An Bheilg --- Βέλγιο --- Belgjika --- Belgia Kuningriik --- Beļģijas Karaliste --- Royaume de Belgique --- Belgian kuningaskunta --- Belgické kráľovstvo --- Koninkrijk België --- Belgijos Karalystė --- das Königreich Belgien --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Kingdom of Belgium --- Кралство Белгија --- Краљевина Белгија --- Belgické království --- Reino de Bélgica --- ir-Renju tal-Belġju --- Regatul Belgiei --- Kongeriget Belgien --- Кралство Белгия --- Mbretëria e Belgjikës --- Belga Királyság --- Królestwo Belgii --- Konungariket Belgien --- Reino da Bélgica --- Kraljevina Belgija --- Regno del Belgio --- policja --- pulizija --- politie --- полиция --- policie --- rendőrség --- polícia --- αστυνομία --- poliție --- polici --- politsei --- poliisi --- politi --- Polizei --- policija --- полиција --- polizia --- policía --- polis --- national police --- πυροσβεστικό σώμα --- Policie České republiky --- police nationale --- policajac --- štátna polícia --- apparato di polizia --- kansallinen poliisi --- policía nacional --- policejní sbor --- rijkspolitie --- policijski službenik --- polícia nacional --- polizia nazionale --- forze di pubblica sicurezza --- polici kombëtare --- cuerpos de seguridad del Estado --- nationalt politi --- nationell poliskår --- riiklik politsei --- αστυνομία πόλεων --- Bundespolizei --- nacionalinė policija --- nemzeti rendőrség --- pořádkové síly --- forze dell'ordine --- organi di sicurezza dello Stato --- Cuerpo Nacional de Policía --- nationell polis --- χωροφυλακή --- policie státu --- σώματα ασφαλείας --- szövetségi rendőrség --- δυνάμεις ασφαλείας --- λιμενική αστυνομία --- αγροφυλακή --- fuerzas de orden público --- státní policie --- História --- ιστορία --- storja --- histori --- historie --- historia --- história --- история --- stair --- geschiedenis --- történettudomány --- povijest --- zgodovina --- history --- историја --- Geschichtswissenschaft --- storia --- istorija --- ajalugu --- vēsture --- istorie --- Geschichte --- historiografie --- storiografia --- dějiny národů --- historiador --- dějepis --- historická věda --- történelem --- póilíní --- Bruxelles (Belgique) --- 19e siècle

Sequitur clades, die Vigiles im antiken Rom : eine zweisprachige Textsammlung.
Author:
ISBN: 3631524730 Year: 2004 Volume: 146 Publisher: Bern Lang

From war to diplomatic parity in eleventh-century China
Author:
ISSN: 13857827 ISBN: 1280868341 9786610868346 142945346X 9047407822 1433706326 9781429453462 9781433706325 9789004144569 9004144560 9004144560 Year: 2005 Publisher: Leiden Boston Brill

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This study of relations between Sung China (960-1279) and Kitan Liao (916-1125), a state on Sung's northern border, is both a military and diplomatic history and a history of diplomacy. Its first chapters historically contextualise the equality of Sung-Liao diplomacy and narrate how, during the late tenth and early eleventh centuries, the two states fought each other to a standstill before concluding peace at Shan-yüan in 1005. Later chapters cover the forms and textures of peaceful diplomatic contact between Sung and Liao that endured for the rest of the century. It will be useful for scholars and interested general readers who wish to probe beyond generalisations and explore in more detail mid-imperial China's warfare and diplomacy with its northern neighbours.

Libertinus miles : les cohortes de vigiles
Author:
ISBN: 2728303657 9782728303656 Year: 1996 Volume: 224 Publisher: Rome Ecole française de Rome

Science and civilisation in China.
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 052132727X 9780521875660 0521652707 0511018630 9780511018633 9780511051142 051105114X 9780511155352 0511155352 9780521327275 0521875668 9780521652704 0521320216 9780521320214 9780521250764 0521250765 0521419999 9780521419994 0521087325 9780521087322 9780521303583 0521303583 9780521571432 052157143X 9780521057998 052105799X 0521632625 9780521632621 1316085058 1280161892 9786610161898 0511117108 0511303858 Year: 2004 Volume: 7(1) Publisher: Cambridge, United Kingdon Cambridge University Press

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The latest volume in Joseph Needham's magisterial revelation of China's premodern and technological traditions introduces medicine. Five essays are included by Joseph Needham and Lu Gwei-djen, edited and expanded upon by the editor, Nathan Sivin. Professor Sivin's introduction discusses the essays and surveys recent scholarship across the world.

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