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This book provides comprehensive coverage of Lithium (Li) metal anodes for rechargeable batteries. Li is an ideal anode material for rechargeable batteries due to its extremely high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g-1), low density (0.59 g cm-3), and the lowest negative electrochemical potential (−3.040 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode). Unfortunately, uncontrollable dendritic Li growth and limited Coulombic efficiency during Li deposition/stripping inherent in these batteries have prevented their practical applications over the past 40 years. With the emergence of post Li-ion batteries, safe and efficient operation of Li metal anode has become an enabling technology which may determine the fate of several promising candidates for the next generation energy storage systems, including rechargeable Li-air batteries, Li-S batteries, and Li metal batteries which utilize intercalation compounds as cathodes. In this work, various factors that affect the morphology and Coulombic efficiency of Li anode are analyzed. The authors also present the technologies utilized to characterize the morphology of Li deposition and the results obtained by modeling of Li dendrite growth. Finally, recent developments, especially the new approaches that enable safe and efficient operation of Li metal anode at high current densities are reviewed. The urgent need and perspectives in this field are also discussed. The fundamental understanding and approaches presented in this work will be critical for the application of Li metal anodes. The general principles and approaches can also be used in other metal electrodes and general electrochemical deposition of metal films. Summarizes the opportunities and main challenges in the application of Li metal anodes in electrochemical devices Reveals the fundamental mechanism of metal dendrite growth during electrochemical processes Reviews the main approaches and techniques used to investigate Li metal deposition processes and Li film morphologies Suggests key areas for the further development of Li metal anodes Highlights how the general principles and approaches developed for repeated deposition/stripping of smooth Li metal films can be used in other metal electrode and general electrochemical deposition of metal films.
Optics. Quantum optics --- Electronics and optics of solids --- Electrochemistry --- Chemistry --- Relation between energy and economics --- Electrical engineering --- Applied physical engineering --- energie-economie --- elektrische netwerken --- hernieuwbare energie --- lithium-ion batterijen --- chemie --- energie (technologie) --- transistoren --- halfgeleiders --- elektrochemie --- microwaves --- elektriciteitsdistributie
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This book presents recently developed methodologies that utilize quantized information in system identification and explores their potential in extending control capabilities for systems with limited sensor information or networked systems. The results of these methodologies can be applied to signal processing and control design of communication and computer networks, sensor networks, mobile agents, coordinated data fusion, remote sensing, telemedicine, and other fields in which noise-corrupted quantized data need to be processed. Providing a comprehensive coverage of quantized identification, the book treats linear and nonlinear systems, as well as time-invariant and time-varying systems. The authors examine independent and dependent noises, stochastic- and deterministic-bounded noises, and also noises with unknown distribution functions. The key methodologies combine empirical measures and information-theoretic approaches to derive identification algorithms, provide convergence and convergence speed, establish efficiency of estimation, and explore input design, threshold selection and adaptation, and complexity analysis. System Identification with Quantized Observations is an excellent resource for graduate students, systems theorists, control engineers, applied mathematicians, as well as practitioners who use identification algorithms in their work. Selected material from the book may be used in graduate-level courses on system identification.
Operational research. Game theory --- Probability theory --- Mathematics --- Electrical engineering --- Applied physical engineering --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- Planning (firm) --- Mass communications --- Computer science --- waarschijnlijkheidstheorie --- stochastische analyse --- automatisering --- mathematische modellen --- systeemtheorie --- wiskunde --- algoritmen --- systeembeheer --- kansrekening --- elektrotechniek --- communicatietechnologie --- automatische regeltechniek
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This collection highlights materials research and innovations for a wide breadth of energy systems and technologies. The volume includes papers organized into the following sections: Energy and Environmental Issues in Materials Manufacturing and Processing Materials in Clean Power Materials for Coal-Based Power Materials for Energy Conversion with Emphasis on SOFC Materials for Gas Turbines Materials for Nuclear Energy Materials for Oil and Gas.
Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Relation between energy and economics --- Materials sciences --- materiaalkennis --- oppervlakte-onderzoek --- energietechniek --- kernenergie
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