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This book is a concise, comprehensive and up-to-date account of fundamental concepts and potential applications of biological timekeeping mechanisms in animals and humans. It also discusses significant aspects of the organization and importance of timekeeping mechanisms in both groups. Divided into seven sections, it addresses important aspects including fundamental concepts; animal and human clocks; clock interactions; clocks and metabolism and immune functions; pineal, melatonin and timekeeping; and clocks, photoperiodism and seasonal behaviours. The book also focuses on biological clock applications in a 24x7 human society, particularly in connection with life-style associated disorders like obesity and diabetes. It is a valuable resource for advanced undergraduates, researchers and professionals engaged in the study of the science of biological timekeeping.

Social psychology --- Animal physiology. Animal biophysics --- Animal ethology and ecology. Sociobiology --- Physiology of nerves and sense organs --- Physiotherapy. Alternative treatments --- Neuropathology --- gedrag (mensen) --- neurologie --- obesitas --- gedrag (dieren) --- farmacologie --- fysiologie --- ergotherapie --- zoölogie --- neurobiologie

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This volume provides insight into the pivotal roles of stem cells, exosomes and other microvesicles in biofunction and molecular mechanisms and their therapeutic potential in translational nanomedicine. It further highlights evidence from recent studies as to how stem cell derived exosomes and microRNAs may restore and maintain tissue homeostasis, enable cells to recover critical cellular functions and begin repair regeneration. These early studies in animal models of aging also show evidence of improved immune, cardiovascular and cognitive functions as well as improved health span and life span. The use of exosomes from body fluids to define specific biomarkers for various tumors may also clear the path to patient-targeted treatments by developing exosome-derived microRNA based cancer therapeutics. It is essential reading for graduate students, research fellow and biomedical researchers in academia or the pharmaceutical or biotech industries.

Histology. Cytology --- Oncology. Neoplasms --- Geriatrics --- Human medicine --- tumoren --- stamcellen --- geneeskunde --- geriatrie --- oncologie --- cytologie --- stamceltransplantatie --- gerontologie --- moleculaire biologie

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This book provides an overview of the applications of ion beam techniques in oxide materials. Oxide materials exhibit defect-induced physical properties relevant to applications in sensing, optoelectronics and spintronics. Defects in these oxide materials also lead to magnetism in non-magnetic materials or to a change of magnetic ordering in magnetic materials. Thus, an understanding of defects is of immense importance. To date, ion beam tools are considered the most effective techniques for producing controlled defects in these oxides. This book will detail the ion beam tools utilized for creating defects in oxides.

Quantum mechanics. Quantumfield theory --- Statistical physics --- Electromagnetism. Ferromagnetism --- Nuclear physics --- Solid state physics --- Matter physics --- Electronics --- Applied physical engineering --- EMI (electromagnetic interference) --- materie (fysica) --- quantummechanica --- elektronica --- fysica --- magnetisme --- atoomfysica --- opto-elektronica

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Machine Learning in Clinical Neuroimaging, MLCN 2021, held on September 27, 2021, in conjunction with MICCAI 2021. The workshop was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 17 papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: computational anatomy and brain networks and time series.

Biomathematics. Biometry. Biostatistics --- Biological techniques --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- computervisie --- bio-informatica --- biologie --- grafische vormgeving --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- AI (artificiële intelligentie)

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Social sciences (general) --- Demography --- Computer science --- Programming --- Computer. Automation --- computervisie --- analytische chemie --- biochemie --- computers --- informatica --- sociale wetenschappen --- programmeren (informatica)