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Material processing techniques that employ severe plastic deformation have evolved over the past decade, producing metals, alloys and composites having extraordinary properties. Variants of SPD methods are now capable of creating monolithic materials with submicron and nanocrystalline grain sizes. The resulting novel properties of these materials has led to a growing scientific and commercial interest in them. They offer the promise of bulk nanocrystalline materials for structural; applications, including nanocomposites of lightweight alloys with unprecedented strength. These materials may also enable the use of alternative metal shaping processes, such as high strain rate superplastic forming. Prospective applications for medical, automotive, aerospace and other industries are already under development.

Plasticity --- Deformations (Mechanics) --- Congresses --- Metals. --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Materials science. --- Metallic Materials. --- Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Classical Mechanics. --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Microstructure --- Plastic deformation --- Process control

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In September, 1999, with the generous support of NATO, scientists from 18 different nations gathered in Katsiveli, Yalta, Ukraine at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides to present their research and to discuss world energy problems and possible solutions, interactions of hydrogen with materials, the role of hydrogen in materials science, and the chemistry of metal hydrides. High level and highly professional presentations were accompanied by a great deal of discussion and debate of the issues from both fundamental and global perspectives. The result was a large number of new collaborations, new directions, and better understanding of energy and materials issues. The research presented at this meeting can be found in this volume. These papers range from global perspectives such as the new vision of energy and how hydrogen fits into that future, to reviews such as a look at nickel hydride over the last 40 years, to very specific current research. A large number of papers are included on hydrogen and materials. These papers include articles on properties such as superconductivity, diffusion EMF, magnetic properties, physico­ chemical properties, phase composition, and permeability as a result of the interaction with or incorporation of hydrogen. Also included are papers discussing the use of hydrogen as a processing or alloying agent. The use of hydrogen in the synthesis of battery electrode materials, composite materials, and alloys is also presented.

Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Hydrogen --- Hydrides --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Inorganic Chemistry --- Hydrogène --- Hydrures --- Congresses. --- Congresses --- Congrès --- Renewable energy resources. --- Metals. --- Materials science. --- Social sciences. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Metallic Materials. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Social Sciences, general. --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy

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Metallic (magnetic and non-magnetic) nanocrystalline materials have been known for over ten years but only recent developments in the research into those complex alloys and their metastable amorphous precursors have created a need to summarize the most important accomplishments in the field. This book is a collection of articles on various aspects of metallic nanocrystalline materials, and an attempt to address this above need. The main focus of the papers is put on the new issues that emerge in the studies of nanocrystalline materials, and, in particular, on (i) new compositions of the alloys, (ii) properties of conventional nanocrystalline materials, (iii) modeling and simulations, (iv) preparation methods, (v) experimental techniques of measurements, and (vi) different modern applications. Interesting phenomena of the physics of nanocrystalline materials are a consequence of the effects induced by the nanocrystalline structure. They include interface physics, the influence of the grain boundaries, the averaging of magnetic anisotropy by exchange interactions, the decrease in exchange length, and the existence of a minimum two-phase structure at the atomic scale. Attention is also paid to the special character of the local atomic ordering and to the corresponding interatomic bonding as well as to anomalies and particularities of electron density distributions, and to the formation of metastable, nanocrystalline (or quasi-crystalline) phases built from exceptionally small grains with special properties. Another important focus of attention are new classes of materials which are not based on new compositions, but rather on the original and special crystalline structure in the nanoscale.

Crystallization --- Cristallisation --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- Crystallization. --- Nanocrystals. --- Nanocrystals --- Chemical Engineering --- Atomic Physics --- Physics --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Congrès --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVPHYSI SPRINGER-B --- Nanosized crystals --- Physics. --- Atomic structure. --- Molecular structure. --- Spectra. --- Condensed matter. --- Solid state physics. --- Spectroscopy. --- Microscopy. --- Nanotechnology. --- Metals. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Metallic Materials. --- Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra. --- Solid State Physics. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Optics --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Solids --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Structure, Molecular --- Chemical structure --- Structural bioinformatics --- Structure, Atomic --- Atomic theory --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Qualitative --- Crystals --- Nanoparticles --- Congresses --- Materials. --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Atomic structure  . --- Molecular structure . --- Spectrometry --- Analytical chemistry

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Talks about quantum mechanism that allows the macroscopic quantum coherence of a superconducting condensate to resist to the attacks of high temperature. This book presents the experimental results on nanoscale phase separation and the two component scenario in high Tc in doped cuprate and the lower symmetry in the superconducting elements.

High-temperature superconductivity --- Symmetry (Physics) --- Supraconductivité à hautes températures --- Symétrie (Physique) --- Congresses --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- High temperature superconductivity. --- High temperature superconductivity --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Supraconductivité à hautes températures --- Symétrie (Physique) --- Congrès --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVCHIMI SPRINGER-B --- Materials science. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Structural materials. --- Nanotechnology. --- Metals. --- Materials Science. --- Structural Materials. --- Metallic Materials. --- Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Methods. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Materials. --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Materials. --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Ceramics. --- Glass. --- Composites (Materials). --- Composite materials. --- Composites (Materials) --- Multiphase materials --- Reinforced solids --- Solids, Reinforced --- Two phase materials --- Amorphous substances --- Ceramics --- Glazing --- Ceramic technology --- Industrial ceramics --- Keramics --- Building materials --- Chemistry, Technical --- Clay --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Buildings --- Construction materials --- Structural materials